STEDT
Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production  ›  Convergence  ›  Tying
STEDT #2207

*(t/d)u-n/t

JOIN / TIE / KNOT / BRING TOGETHER / ASSEMBLE / FOLD
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleduinitialdrhymeu-t~tu-tsuffixtcoverT · VT

Connections

HPTB*s-dut ‘tie / knot / conclude / finish’p. 368

Notes

This etymon must rank among the most richly prefixable roots in TB, with at least five prefixes and prefix combinations attested. These include *m- (Qiangic, rGyalrongic, Tibetan, Jingpho), *s- (Tibetan, Garo, Dulong, Qiang), *b-s- (Garo bistit, WT bstud), *k- (Jingpho), and *d- (Anong).

It seems likely that the *m- and *s- prefixes reflect an original simplex / causative opposition, as in many other TB etyma.

For detailed discussion of this etymon with respect to Tibetan, see Bodman 1969.

Chinese comparandum

純 OC *d’wən, GSR #427n ‘tie together, envelop’; B & S 2011: *dun {[d]un}; Mand. chún.

綴 OC *ti̯wɑt/d, GSR #295b ‘sew, stitch together, connecct, combine, compose, embellish’; Schuessler 2007:632 *trot(s); B & S 2011: (*trot(-s)); Mand. zhuì ~ zhuó.
叕 OC *ti̯wɑt, GSR #295a ‘sew, stitch’; Schuessler 2007: (*(trots)); B & S 2011: *trot-s; Mand. zhuó.
贅 OC *ti̯wɑd, GSR #343a ‘unite; together’; Schuessler 2007:632 *tots; Mand. zhuì ~ zhuó.

卒 OC *tswət, GSR #490a ‘finish; die; entirely, utterly’; Schuessler 2007:635 *tsut; B & S 2011: *tsut {[ts]ut}; Mand. zú.

427a-c 造

Reflexes & cognates58 reflexes · 11 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)5

*Tibeto-Burmandu-t ‘tie together / envelop’Chou 72: 427n-o
*Tibeto-Burmandu-t ⪤ *tu-t ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
*Tibeto-Burmandu-t ⪤ tu-t ‘join / tie / knot’Benedict 72 STC: 421
*Tibeto-Burmans-dut ‘tie / knot / conclude / finish’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 587
*Tibeto-Burmantu-n/t ⪤ du-n/t ‘join / bring together / tie / knot’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 615

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani2

Damudyt-pamorpheme ‘tie knot’Sun J 93 Tani
Damudyt-pamorpheme dʑapmorpheme-ramorpheme ‘knot’Sun J 93 Tani

1.7.1.2Garo2

Garokamorpheme-animorpheme bistit n.‘knot’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Garostit ‘tangle’Benedict 72 STC: 421

1.7.3.1Jingpho8

Jingphomatut v‘join’Marrison 67 Naga
Jingphomă³¹tu̱t⁵⁵ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.19
Jingphomă³¹tu̱t⁵⁵ ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.47
Jingphomă¹tu̱t⁵⁵ ‘connect’Liu 84
Jingphomətut ⪤ kətut ‘join, connect’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Jingphomətut~ kətut ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Jingphotut be v.‘joined, bound / tied together’Chou 72: 427n-o
Jingphotut vs.‘joined, bound / tied together’Benedict 72 STC: 421

2.1.2Bodic9

Tsangla (Motuo)tut ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Tsangla (Motuo)tu⁵⁵ ‘connect’Zhang Jichuan 86
Tshona (Wenlang)thyt⁵⁵pu⁵⁵suffix ‘connect’Lu 86 CuoM
Tshona (Mama)tut ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Tshona (Mama)tut⁵³ ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.6
Cuona Menbatut⁵³ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan19

Tibetan (Batang)thyʔ⁵³ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.03
Tibetan (Lhasa)thyʔ⁵³cap¹³morpheme ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.2
Tibetan (Lhasa)ty⁵² v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.02
Tibetan (Written)du-bɑsuffix ‘assemble / meet / join’Chou 72: 427n-o
Tibetan (Written)dud-pasuffix v.‘tie, knot’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Tibetan (Written)ḥdu-basuffix ‘assemble, meet, join’Benedict 72 STC: 159n429
Tibetan (Written)ḥdu-basuffix ‘assemble, meet, join’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Tibetan (Written)ḥthu-ba ‘gather, collect’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Tibetan (Written)mdud◦pasuffix n‘knot (in string)’Marrison 67 Naga
Tibetan (Written)sdud ‘folds of a garment’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Tibetan (Written)sdud-pasuffix ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Tibetan (Written)sdud-pasuffix ‘put together, join, unite’Benedict 72 STC: 159n429
Tibetan (Written)sdud-pɑsuffix ‘put together / join / unite’Chou 72: 427n-o

3.2Qiangic4

Muya [Minyak]kho⁵⁵morphementhɯ³⁵ ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.15
Queyu (Xinlong)khɯ⁵⁵morphememthe⁵⁵ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.13

3.3.1rGyalrong3

rGyalrong (Maerkang Caodeng (B))kǝ22prefix mt‘ǝᵗ44 vt‘connect’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 1105
rGyalrongkɐprefix nthət ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.12
Caodengkɐprefix-mtʰət (təprefix-mtʰə̀t) ‘connect’Sun J 97 Cao

4Nungic9

Anongdəthut ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Anongdəthut ‘join, unite’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Rawangdətot [dətoʔ nɔ³¹morpheme ɛ³³]morpheme ‘connect, join’LaPolla 03: 1367
Anongthu ‘join (as a stream)’Benedict 72 STC: 421
Dulongsɯ³¹tɔt⁵⁵ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.20
Trung [Dulong]sɯ³¹tɔt⁵⁵ ‘connect’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 587.46
Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)sɯ³¹ tɔɔt⁵⁵ ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)sɯ³¹ tɔɔt⁵⁵ ‘join, tie, knot’LaPolla 87: 33
Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)sɯ³¹tɔt⁵⁵ ‘connect’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Jinuotɤ³³ v.‘connect / join’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1496.44

9.0.1Old Chinese1

Chinese (Old/Mid)dʻwən/dʻuən ‘tie together / envelop’Chou 72: 427n-o

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2207, *(t/d)u-n/t ‘JOIN / TIE / KNOT / BRING TOGETHER / ASSEMBLE / FOLD’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2207
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#421; HPTB pp.367, 452, 460
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2207,
  title  = {{*(t/d)u-n/t 'JOIN / TIE / KNOT / BRING TOGETHER / ASSEMBLE / FOLD'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2207},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2207}
}