*gam

PUT INTO MOUTH, SEIZE WITH MOUTH

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · provisional

Reconstruction analysis

handlegaminitialgrhymeamcoverK · N

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*gam (~ *gjam?) ‘BITE’JS-HCST: 142

Connections

HPTB*gam ‘put into mouth / seize with mouth / jaw / molar’p. 299

Notes

This etymon may well be allofamically related to #1772 PTB *ŋam CHEW / HOLD IN THE MOUTH.

Chinese comparandum

含 OC *gʼi̯əm, GSR #651l’ ‘hold in mouth’; Schuessler 2007:270-1 *gə̂m; B & S 2011: *Cə-m-kˁəm {Cə-m-kˁ[ə]m}; Mand. hán.
噤 OC *g’li̯əm, GSR #655m ‘shut the mouth’; B & S 2011: (*grəm-s); Mand. jìn.

Comment:

GSR #651m’, Mand. hán, is the same etymon as #651l’, written with a different ideograph: 唅.

Reflexes & cognates19 reflexes · 6 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4

*Tibeto-Burmangam ‘put into mouth / seize with mouth / jaw / molar’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 590

*Tibeto-Burmangam ‘put into mouth / seize with mouth’Benedict 72 STC: 491

*Tibeto-Burmangam ‘hold in the mouth’Coblin 86: 95

*Tibeto-Burmangɑm ‘put into mouth / seize with mouth’Chou 72: 651l'

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanigam (~ gjam?) ‘bite’Sun J 93 HCST: 28

1.1.1.1Western Tani13

Bengnigam ‘bite’Sun J 93 HCST

Bengnigam ‘bite’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokargam ‘bite’Sun J 93 HCST

Bokargam ‘bite’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokargam ‘sting v. (bee)’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokargam v.‘bite (mosquito)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1279.24

Bokargam v.‘bite’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1753.24

Bokar Lhobagam ‘bite’Sun H 80 MLD

Bokar Lhobagam ‘bite’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 535.51

Bokar Lhobagam v‘sting’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 787.51

Galo`gam◦namsuffix vt.‘bite’GLDC 09 Galo

Miri, Hillgam-namsuffix ‘bite’Simon 76 Miri

Nishinggam ‘bite’Das Gupta 69 Daf

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani4

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]gam~ ǰam ‘bite’Sun J 93 HCST

Damuɟiam ‘bite’Sun J 93 Tani

Mishing [Miri]gam ‘seize (with teeth, as a tiger)’Benedict 72 STC: 491

Mishing [Miri]gam ‘seize in the teeth’Coblin 86: 95

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)ḥgam-pasuffix ‘put or throw into the mouth’Benedict 72 STC: 491

9.0.1Old Chinese1

Chinese (Old/Mid)gʻəm ‘hold in the mouth / put in the mouth’Benedict 72 STC: 491

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2231, *gam ‘PUT INTO MOUTH, SEIZE WITH MOUTH’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2231

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: STC#491; STC done

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-2231,
  title  = {{*gam 'PUT INTO MOUTH, SEIZE WITH MOUTH'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2231},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2231}
}