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STEDT #2333

*kriːt

GRIND

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlekritinitialkrrhymeitcoverK · T

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*rit ‘GRIND (CRUSH INTO POWDER)’JS-HCST: 206

Lolo-Burmese*Nkrit ‘GRIND’

Connections

HPTB*kriːt ‘grind’pp. 69, 350

Notes

The WT form reflects a variant with final velar stop.

It is possible that two separate Loloish roots are involved, one with an initial velar stop, and one with an affricate.

Reflexes & cognates56 reflexes · 14 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmankrit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

*Tibeto-Burmankriːt ‘grind’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 597

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanirit ‘grind (crush into powder)’Sun J 93 HCST: 183

1.1.1.1Western Tani8

Apataniri-mũmorpheme ‘grind (crush into powder)’Sun J 93 HCST

Apataniri-mũmorpheme ‘grind’Sun J 93 Tani

Bengnirit ‘grind (crush into powder)’Sun J 93 HCST

Bengnirit ‘grind’Sun J 93 Tani

Bengnirit-mɯk#6479 PTani *mɯk ‘POWDER’PTani *mɯk ‘POWDER’ ‘grind into powder’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokarraː makmorpheme v.‘break to pieces (grain)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1653.24

Bokarraː◦makmorpheme v.‘crush to pieces’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1654.24

Miri, Hillrin-namsuffix ‘grind’Simon 76 Miri

1.5Mikir [Karbi]2

Mikir [Karbi]chmorpheme-.ingprefix◦krìt- ‘gnash, grind the teeth’Grüssner 79 BP: 67

Mikir [Karbi]tśiŋmorpheme◦krit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

1.7.3.1Jingpho2

Jingphokrìt ‘grind’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 333

Jingphokrit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)so#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’ khrig-khrig byedmorpheme-pasuffix ‘grind the teeth’Benedict 72 STC: 119

2.3.4Western Kiranti1

Bahingkhrit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

4Nungic1

Anongəprefix◦gyit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

6.1Lolo-Burmese3

The nasal prefix in PLB is reconstructed on the basis of the voiced Lahu initial.

*Lolo-Burmesekrit TS 22‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(a)

*Lolo-Burmesekrit ‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(a)

*Lolo-BurmeseNkrit ‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(b)

6.1.1Burmish6

Burmese (Written)krit ‘grind’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)krit ‘grind’Okell 71

Burmese (Written)krit ‘grind’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)krit ‘grind, gnash (teeth)’Benedict 72 STC: 119

Burmese (Written)krit ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.39

Burmese (Written)krit⁴ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.26

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish15

Gazhuotshɿ⁵⁵ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.47

Lalogə́q v.‘grind’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 350

Luquantšʻy 22s ‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(a)

Yi (Liangshan)nʣɿ²¹ ‘grind down’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)ʣɛ³³ ‘crush; grind’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)ʨhi³³ ‘grind (manually)’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Mile)tʂhi̱³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.25

Yi (Mojiang)tshi̱³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.26

Yi (Nanhua)gA³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.24

Yi (Nanhua)gɑ³³ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.37

Yi (Nanhua)ɣæ²¹ v.‘grind / pestle (medicine)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1747.37

Yi (Nanjian)ɣu³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.23

Yi (Weishan)gɯ³³ v.‘grind / pestle (medicine)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1747.36

Yi (Weishan)ɣu³³ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.36

Yi (Wuding)tɕhɯ̱² v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.38

6.1.2.2Central Loloish9

Kuconggɯ33 ‘grind (of grain)’Dai 09 Kucong

Lahu (Lancang)gɛ⁵⁴ v.‘grind / pestle (medicine)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1747.43

Lahu (Black)gə̂ʔ ‘grind’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 333

Lahu (Black)gə̂ʔ ‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(b)

Lisudʒi³³ v.‘grind / pestle (medicine)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1747.40

Lisu (Northern)dʒɿ³³ V‘grind’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisudʒɿ⁴⁴ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.27

Lisujē3 ‘grind’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 94(b)

Lisu (Central)jē³ v.‘grind’Fraser 22

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish6

Hani (Dazhai)dʑi̱³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.31

Hani (Lüchun)dʑi̱³³ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.41

Hani (Caiyuan)tsi̱³³ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.30

Hani (Shuikui)tɕi³¹ ‘grind’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 641.32

Hani (Mojiang)tɕi³¹ v.‘grind (flour)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1527.42

Mpikiʔ¹ ‘grind / gnash’Srinuan 76

7Karenic6

*Karen(kh)rwɛ̀t ‘grind (noisily)’Jones 61: 191

Kayan (Pekon)rí V‘grind’Manson 10 Kayan

Pa-Okhrüt ‘grind’Benedict 72 STC: 141n382

Pa-Okhrɨ̀t ‘grind, mill rice, grind stg to’Solnit 89 PaO

Pwoɣaiʔ/ɣɛʔ ‘grind’Benedict 72 STC: 141n382

Karen (Sgaw)χi ‘grind’Benedict 72 STC: 141n382

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2333, *kriːt ‘GRIND’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2333

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC#119, HPTB pp.69, 350

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-2333,
  title  = {{*kriːt 'GRIND'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2333},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2333}
}