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STEDT #2460

*m(r)(u/a)k

GRASS / WEEDS

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlemrakinitialmrrhymeak=m-lyacoverM · VNLW

Intermediate reconstructions

Loloish*(C)-mrukᴸ ‘GRASS’

Connections

HPTB*m-lyak ‘grass’pp. 80, 482

HPTB*mruk ⪤ *mrak ‘grass / weeds’pp. 80, 482, 513

Notes

This etymon was formerly divided between two separate etyma, one meaning GRASS and the other meaning WEEDS / DETRITUS. The latter was reconstructed both in STC #363 and in HPTB:360 as *muːk. However, despite the WB doublet mrak ‘grass’ and ăhmuik ‘refuse, dust’, we have now decided to combine them into a single etymon.

Reflexes & cognates35 reflexes · 11 subgroups

Kanaurimyagʻ n‘grass (kind of)’Bailey 11

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)ḥdźag-ma (<*a-lyag) ‘grass’Benedict 72 STC: 43n142

2.1.3Lepcha1

Lepchamuk ‘weeds, rubbish, dust’Benedict 72 STC: 363

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmesemuk ‘weeds, grass’Benedict 72 STC: 78n238

6.1.1Burmish11

Burmese (Rangoon)mjɛʔ⁴ n‘grass’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0436.27

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)mjɛʔ⁴⁴ ‘grass’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 218.40

Burmese (Written)ăprefix◦hmuik n‘refuse, dust’Benedict 72 STC: 363

Burmese (Written)mrak ‘grass’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)mrak ‘grass’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)mrak ‘grass’Benedict 72 STC: 149

Burmese (Written)mrɑk ‘grass’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 218.39

Burmese (Written)mrɑk⁴ n‘grass’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0436.26

Hpun (Northern)tăprefix◦myòʼ, tăprefix◦myᴜ̀ʔ ‘grass’Henderson 86 Hpun

Hpun (Northern)tăprefix◦myòʼ; ʃɔ̀ŋpɔ̀ŋmorpheme ‘weeds / bushes (cp. Grass, Jungl’Henderson 86 Hpun

Marmamraʔ ‘grass’Huziwara 08 Sak: 290

6.1.2Loloish1

*Loloish(C)-mrukᴸ ‘grass’Bradley 79 PLo: 302

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish5

Lalomòq ‘weed w. hands’Björverud 94

Nusu (Central)mɹa̱⁵³ n‘grass’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0436.34

Nusu (Northern)mɹɑ̱⁵³ ‘grass’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Bijiang)mɹɑ̱⁵³ ‘grass’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 218.45

Nusu (Southern)mɹɔ̱⁵³ ‘grass’Sun J 86 Nusu

6.1.2.2Central Loloish13

Lahu (Black)mùʔ v.‘weed / grass / weeds’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 138

Lahu (Yellow)mv̩⁵ ‘grass’Chang 86

Lisumaw6 v.‘weed / grass / weeds’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 138

Lisu (Central)maw⁶ ‘grass’Fraser 22

Lisumo̱³¹ n‘grass’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0436.40

Lisumù cmorpheme v.‘weed / grass / weeds’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 138

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹ N‘grass; V to weed’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹ba³³morpheme ‘kind of grass, Galinsoga parviflora (often grown on roadside, also known as mɔʔ²¹la³⁵dzɤʔ²¹, kɔ³³tse³³le³³)’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹ni³⁵morphemetɕhiʔ²¹morpheme ‘green grass’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹nu²¹morpheme ‘tender grass’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹phu³³morpheme mɔʔ²¹næ³³morpheme ‘kind of grass, Arctia caja’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹zaʔ²¹morpheme ʃɿ⁵⁵morphemezaʔ²¹morpheme ‘grass (general)’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)mɔʔ²¹ʃɿ⁵⁵morpheme ‘grass seed’Bradley 94 Lisu

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish1

Akhamo LS v.‘weed / grass / weeds’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 138

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2460, *m(r)(u/a)k ‘GRASS / WEEDS’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2460

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC#149, HPTB pp.80, 360, 482, 513

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-2460,
  title  = {{*m(r)(u/a)k 'GRASS / WEEDS'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2460},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2460}
}