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Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production  ›  Exchanges
STEDT #2541

*r/s-ŋ(y)a

BORROW / LEND
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleŋyaprefixr/sinitialŋ(y)rhymeacoverM · V

Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*s/ʔ-ŋa² ‘BORROW / LEND’
Loloish*s-ŋa² ‘BORROW (THING) / LEND’

Connections

HPTB*r/s-ŋ(y)a ‘borrow / lend’pp. 162, 168

Notes

This etymon is usually used when the exact borrowed item is to be returned. Contrast #2314 PTB *s-kəy BORROW / LEND, where only an equivalent (like money) is to be returned.

Reflexes & cognates71 reflexes · 13 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)3

*Tibeto-Burmanr-ŋya ‘borrow’LaPolla 87: 26
*Tibeto-Burmanr/s-ŋ(y)a ‘borrow / lend’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 606

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)brnya-basuffix ⪤ brnyan-pasuffix ‘borrow’Benedict 72 STC: 190

3.2Qiangic26

Guiqiongŋĩ⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (money)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1442.16
Guiqiongŋĩ⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.16
Guiqiongŋi⁵⁵ ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.17
Muyakhə⁵⁵morphemeŋuə⁵³ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.15
Muyathɐ⁵⁵morphemeŋuə⁵³ v.‘lend (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.15
Muya [Minyak]ŋɯ⁵³ ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.15
Namuyintʂhɿ⁵⁵morpheme; ȵi³³ ‘borrow / lend (money);(things)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.19
Namuyiȵi³¹ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.46
Pumi (Jiulong)dɯ¹¹morphemeȵi⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.10
Pumi (Jiulong)xɐ¹¹morphemeȵi⁵⁵ v.‘lend (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.10
Pumi (Lanping)də¹³morphemeni¹³ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.09
Qiang (Longxi)dàmorpheme ȵì ‘lend’Evans 99 Qiang: 2070
Qiang (Longxi)nì ɕámorpheme ‘borrow, lend (money)’Evans 99 Qiang: 2068
Qiang (Longxi)nì ɕámorpheme ‘borrow, lend (tool)’Evans 99 Qiang: 2069
Qiang (Longxi)zɨ̀morpheme ȵì ɕámorpheme ‘borrow’Evans 99 Qiang: 2071
Qiang (Mawo)ŋuə samorpheme ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.8
Qiang (Mawo)ŋuɛ sɛmorpheme v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.08
Qiang (Mianchi)(tɛ̀)morpheme ŋɛ̀ ɕímorpheme ‘borrow’Evans 99 Qiang: 2071
Qiang (Mianchi)dɛ̀morpheme ŋɛ̌ ‘lend’Evans 99 Qiang: 2070
Qiang (Mianchi)ŋɛ̀ ɕímorpheme ‘borrow, lend (money)’Evans 99 Qiang: 2068
Qiang (Mianchi)ŋɛ̀ ɕímorpheme ‘borrow, lend (tool)’Evans 99 Qiang: 2069
Qiang (Taoping)da²⁴¹morphemeȵi³³ ‘lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.9
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tə³⁵morpheme◦ȵi⁵⁵ (Ch.) ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.16
Xuminɛ³⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.17
Xumiȵɛ³⁵ ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.20
Zhaba (Daofu County)kə⁵⁵morphemeȵi⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.14

3.3rGyalrongic3

Daofurŋi v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.12
Daofuzŋi v.‘borrow (money)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1442.12
Ergong (Danba)ʐŋi ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.14

3.3.1rGyalrong3

Caodengkɐmorpheme-rŋi ‘borrow’Sun J 97 Cao
Caodengkɐmorpheme-sə́morpheme-rŋi ‘lend’Sun J 97 Cao
rGyalrong (Maerkang)kɑmorpheme rŋɑ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.11

4Nungic1

Anongŋa ‘hire, rent, lend’Benedict 72 STC: 190

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmeses/ʔ-ŋa² ‘borrow / lend’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 606

6.1.1Burmish6

Burmese (Written)hŋâ ‘borrow, lend; hire’Benedict 76 WBur
Burmese (Written)hŋà ‘borrow / lend, hire, let’Benedict 72 STC: 190

6.1.2Loloish3

*Loloishs-ŋa² ‘borrow (thing)’Bradley 79 PLo: 600
*Loloishs-ŋa² ‘lend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 13
PNLs-ŋa² ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish10

Gazhuoŋa⁵⁵ ‘borrow, lend’Dai 91 TB15
Gazhuoŋa⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.47
Laloàprefix-ǹ̩ ‘borrow / lend’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 40
Liphoŋo⁵⁵ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Nasuŋo³³ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Neisuŋu³³ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Nesuŋo³³ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Yi (Dafang)ŋɒ³³ ‘borrow / lend’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 692.22
Yi (Nanhua)ŋo⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.37
Yi (Wuding)ŋu³³ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.38

6.1.2.2Central Loloish10

Ahiŋo⁵⁵ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Kucongŋa35 ‘borrow (a tool)’Dai 09 Kucong
Lahu (Yellow)ŋa⁵ ‘borrow / lend (money)’Chang 86
Lisu (Central)ngwa¹ ‘borrow (things)’Fraser 22
Lisu (Central)ngwa¹ ‘lend (where the identical object has to be returne’Fraser 22
Lisuŋuɑ⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.40
Lisu (Northern)ŋwa⁵⁵ V‘borrow (the original will be returned); rent; hire; rent land’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ŋwa⁵⁵gɔ²¹morpheme ‘rent out; lend out’Bradley 94 Lisu
Sani [Nyi]ŋa⁵⁵ ‘borrow’Chen 86 CS: 53.
Yi (Sani)ŋɒ⁵⁵ v.‘borrow (tools)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1443.39

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish6

Akha (Thai)ŋà ‘borrow, lend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 13
Akha (Yunnan)ŋà ‘borrow, lend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 13
Hani (Wordlist)ngaq ‘borrow, lend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 13
Hani (Khatu)ŋuɔ̀ ‘borrow, lend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 13

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish4

Azhaŋɔ̠⁴⁵ ‘borrow (thing)’Pelkey 11 Phula: 755
Azhaŋɯ̠⁴⁵ ‘borrow (money)’Pelkey 11 Phula: 754
Pholaŋɑ̠³¹ ‘borrow (thing)’Pelkey 11 Phula: 755
Hlepho Phowaʔŋa⁵⁵ ‘borrow (thing)’Pelkey 11 Phula: 755

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2541, *r/s-ŋ(y)a ‘BORROW / LEND’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2541
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#190, HPTB pp.162, 168
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2541,
  title  = {{*r/s-ŋ(y)a 'BORROW / LEND'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2541},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2541}
}