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Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production  ›  Movement  ›  Outward
STEDT #2573

*s-prwa-k

COME OUT / EMERGE / BRING OUT
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleproprefixsinitialprrhymeo-kcoverP · LT

Connections

HPTB*s-pro-k ‘come out / emerge / bring out’pp. 204, 480

Notes

This root has simplex/causative allofams in at least three subgroups: cf. WT ḥphro-ba and spro-ba, Jingpho próʔ and śəpróʔ, and Sak phroʔ and pru.

The reflexes vary between -ro- and -ra-, motivating the reconstruction -rwa-.

Kokborok and Tsangla show medial -y-, while Karenic has medial -l-, both plausible reflexes of the complex proto-medial.

The rGyalrong form looks like a borrowing from Tibetan.

Reflexes & cognates24 reflexes · 11 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)3

*Tibeto-Burmanpro ‘come out / emanate’Benedict 72 STC: 248
*Tibeto-Burmans-pro-k ‘come out / emerge / bring out’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 607

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group3

Khezhapra ‘go out’Marrison 67 Naga
Maotaprefix◦pra ‘go out’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.1.1Bodo1

Kokborokpʰ=yoʔ ‘release’Tripuri 88

1.7.3.1Jingpho7

Jingphopro ‘bring out; come out’Benedict 72 STC: 248
Jingphopróʔ ‘bring out, come out’Benedict 72 STC: 59n190
Jingphopʒu̱³³ ‘come out (the sun)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1207.19
Jingphopʒu̱³³ sa³³morpheme ‘go out’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1206.19
Jingphopʒu̱³³ wa³¹morpheme ‘come out’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1208.19
Jingphośəprefix◦pro ‘bring out, exhume, contribute’Benedict 72 STC: 248
Jingphośəprefix◦proʔ ‘bring out, exhume, contribute’Benedict 72 STC: 59n190

1.7.3.2Asakian2

Sakphroʔ ‘release / let go’Huziwara 08 Sak: 200
Sakpru ‘emerge / go out’Huziwara 08 Sak: 169

2.1.2Bodic1

Tsangla (Tilang)phyak-khomorpheme ‘release’also contains *phya-kZhang Jichuan 86

2.1.2.1Tibetan5

Tibetan (Written)ḥphro-basuffix ‘proceed, issue, emanate from’Benedict 72 STC: 248
Tibetan (Written)spro-basuffix ‘come out’Weidert 87 TBTo: 660
Tibetan (Written)spro-basuffix ‘make go out, disperse’Benedict 72 STC: 248
Tibetan (Written)ɦphro-basuffix ‘come out’Weidert 87 TBTo: 660

2.1.3Lepcha1

Lepchaplâ v.‘come forth, come out, rise’Plaisier 07 Lepcha

3.3.1rGyalrong1

5Tujia2

Tujia (Southern)pha⁵⁵ ‘release’Tian 86
Tujia (Northern)pho⁵⁵ ‘release’Tian 86

7Karenic1

Karenbla³¹ v.‘release / set free’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1626.50

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2573, *s-prwa-k ‘COME OUT / EMERGE / BRING OUT’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2573
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#248, HPTB pp.204, 480
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2573,
  title  = {{*s-prwa-k 'COME OUT / EMERGE / BRING OUT'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2573},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2573}
}