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STEDT #1142

*ŋ(y)il

LAUGH
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleŋyilinitialŋ(y)rhymeilcoverM · L

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*ŋil ‘LAUGH’JS-HCST: 117

Notes

The second syllable of Phunoi ʔɨ⁵⁵ ɲiʔ⁵⁵looks like a reflex of this root, but it is isolated in Lolo-Burmese, and the resemblance is probably fortuitous. Similarly, Pa-O Karen ŋàʔ might also show an accidental resemblance to this root.

Reflexes & cognates63 reflexes · 6 subgroups

1.1.1Tani1

*Taniŋil ‘laugh’Sun J 93 HCST: 230

1.1.1.1Western Tani39

Apatani²ŋar(²) v.‘laugh’Weidert 87 TBTo: 537
Apataniŋar ‘laugh’Sun J 93 HCST
Apataniŋar ‘laugh’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniŋar ‘laugh’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniŋar-gamorpheme-nɯmorpheme ‘jolly’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniŋar-kamorpheme-numorpheme ‘smile’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniŋar-pamorpheme ‘ridicule’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir ‘laugh’Sun J 93 HCST
Bengniñir ‘laugh’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir-čɯːmorpheme ‘snicker’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir-kakmorpheme pɯmorpheme-ǰakmorpheme ‘laugh loudly, guffaw’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir-kaːmorpheme ‘smile’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir-miːmorpheme ‘sneer’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniñir-simorpheme ‘chuckle’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarjummorpheme-ñir ‘smile’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarñir ‘laugh’Sun J 93 HCST
Bokarñir ‘laugh’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarñir-jonmorpheme ‘sneer’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarȵir v.‘laugh / smile’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1735.24
Bokar Lhobaȵir ‘laugh’Sun H 80 MLD
Galo-`ɲɨr vs:adv.‘laughable’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`məəmorpheme◦ɲɨr adj.‘funny’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`məəmorpheme◦ɲɨr adj.‘hilarious’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲir-kamorpheme-namsuffix v‘laugh at’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Galoɲir-namsuffix v‘laugh’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Galoɲir-namsuffix v‘smile’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Galoɲɨr◦namsuffix vi.‘laugh’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲɨr◦namsuffix vi.‘smile’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲɨr◦summorpheme n.‘smile’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲɨr◦summorpheme adj.‘smiling’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲɨr◦summorpheme-pomummorpheme n.‘smile’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoɲɨr◦summorpheme-pomummorpheme adj.‘smiling’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoˆñɯr- v.‘laugh’Weidert 87 TBTo: 537
Miri, Hillɲir-namsuffix ‘laugh’Simon 76 Miri
Nishingnyior ‘laugh’Das Gupta 69 Daf
Taginnyar-namsuffix v‘laugh’Das Gupta 83 Tag

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani9

Damukamorpheme-ȵir ‘scold’Sun J 93 Tani
Damuȵir-biaʔmorpheme ‘sneer’Sun J 93 Tani
Damuȵir-ramorpheme ‘laugh’Sun J 93 Tani
Damuȵir-ɕoːmorpheme ‘smile’Sun J 93 Tani
Milangŋal-kamorpheme-lumorpheme-kamorpheme-mamorpheme ‘mock’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangŋal-masuffix ‘laugh’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangŋal-yummorpheme-cumorpheme-masuffix ‘smile’Tayeng 76 Mil
Mishing [Miri]jir < ñir ‘laugh’Sun J 93 HCST

2.1.2Bodic7

Monpaŋár v.‘laugh’Weidert 87 TBTo: 537
Tashigangŋar◦basuffix v.‘laugh’Weidert 87 TBTo: 537

2.2Newar4

Newarnhil ‘laugh’suffixShakya 89: 11.9
Newarnhil◦esuffix-gu v.‘smile’Newar -gu ‘nominalizer/relativizer’.Shakya 89: 3.9.4

7Karenic4

Kayan (Pekon)θàmorpheme◦ŋá Vintr‘laugh’Manson 10 Kayan
Pa-Oŋàʔ ‘laugh’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Oŋàʔ v.‘laugh’Jones 61: 798

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1142, *ŋ(y)il ‘LAUGH’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1142
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: Mirish, Tsangla
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1142,
  title  = {{*ŋ(y)il 'LAUGH'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1142},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1142}
}