STEDT
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STEDT #20

*kruŋ

LIVE / ALIVE / BORN / GIVE BIRTH / GREEN / SPROUT
Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlekruŋinitialkrrhymeuŋcoverK · N

Connections

HPTB*kruŋ ‘born / give birth / alive / green’pp. 285, 288

Notes

This root is reconstructed in STC #382, which cites the WT, Jingpho, Bodo, and Dimasa forms. The Bai and Lolo-Burmese forms look cognate, but the relationship of the Jinuo form to this set is uncertain. The semantic range of this etymon, which extends from the notion of birth to that of sprouting, greenness, freshness, is parallelled by another root #71 PTB *s-riŋ ⪤ *s-r(y)aŋ LIVE / ALIVE / GREEN / RAW / GIVE BIRTH (q.v.).

Reflexes & cognates17 reflexes · 10 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmankruŋ ‘born / give birth / alive / green’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 597

1.7.1.1Bodo1

Dimasagaprefix◦khraŋ ‘green’Benedict 72 STC: 382

1.7.3.1Jingpho2

Jingphokhruŋ ‘live, be alive’Benedict 72 STC: 382
Jingphoməprefix◦kruŋ ‘fresh sprouts, new twigs’Benedict 72 STC: 382

2.1.2Bodic3

Tshona (Wenlang)kʰroŋ⁵⁵ v.‘birth, give (to child)’Lu 86 CuoM
Tshona (Mama)khroŋ⁵³ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 774.6
Cuona Menbakhroŋ⁵³ v.‘birth, give to’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1620.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)ḥkhruŋ-basuffix be v.‘be born; shoot, sprout, grow (of seeds and plants)’Benedict 72 STC: 382

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang2

Chepangjhuŋ-sasuffix be v.‘born, be’Caughley 72 CVoc: 2.B.2.11
Chepangjhuŋ-samorpheme ‘born, be’Caughley 72 CVoc: 2.B.2.11

6.1.1Burmish4

Bolakɔ̃⁵⁵ ‘life’Dai 89 Bola: 193
Bolakɔ̃⁵⁵ ‘life-span’Dai 89 Bola: 194
Bola (Luxi)kɔ̃⁵⁵ n‘life span’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0164.32

6.1.2Loloish1

6.1.2.2Central Loloish2

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a⁴⁴prefix kʰʌ⁴⁴ ‘life’Dai 89 JinA: 201
Jinuo (Baka)a⁴⁴prefix kʰʌ⁴⁴ ‘life’Dai 89 JinB: 201

8Bai1

Bai (Jianchuan)kv̱ˌ⁴² ‘alive / be living’Zhao 90: 1.12

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #20, *kruŋ ‘LIVE / ALIVE / BORN / GIVE BIRTH / GREEN / SPROUT’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/20
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#382, HPTB pp.285, 288
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-20,
  title  = {{*kruŋ 'LIVE / ALIVE / BORN / GIVE BIRTH / GREEN / SPROUT'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #20},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/20}
}