STEDT
STEDT #2148

*s-bal

FROG
Proto-Tibeto-Burman · provisional

Reconstruction analysis

handlebalprefixsinitialbrhymealcoverP · L

Connections

HPTB*s-bal ‘frog’pp. 404, 405, 428

Reflexes & cognates156 reflexes · 14 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

1.1.2Deng6

Darang [Taraon]pa:hõamorpheme ‘frog’Anonymous xx Tar
Darang [Taraon]pɑ³¹ɹɑi⁵³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.22
Darang [Taraon]pɑ³¹ɹɑi⁵³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.49
Darang [Taraon]ta:morphemepa: ‘frog’Anonymous xx Tar
Idupɑ⁵⁵ɹɑi⁵⁵morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.50
Yidupɑ⁵⁵ ɹɑi⁵⁵morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.25

2.1.2Bodic3

Kaikebālmorpheme n‘frog’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.066
Tshona (Mama)bɛː¹³pᴀ⁵³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.6
Cuona Menbabɛ:³⁵pa⁵³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan18

Tibetan (Jirel)'bālbākmorpheme n‘frog’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.066
Tibetan (Sherpa)balsuffix n‘frog’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.066
Tibetan (Written)nɑ́gsmorpheme-sbɑl ‘frog (tree)’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbal.pasuffix ‘frog’Sun J 85 TbGl: 293
Tibetan (Written)sbalpasuffix ‘frog’Marrison 67 Naga
Tibetan (Written)sbɑ́l-suffix ‘frog’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑl-c̀ʻùŋmorpheme ‘frog (young) / tadpole’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑl-c̀ʻuŋmorpheme ‘lizard (vulg.)’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑl-lc̀oŋmorpheme ‘frog (young) / tadpole’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑl-lc̀oŋmorpheme ‘lizard’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑ́l-suffix ‘frog’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)sbɑ́l-suffix dkɑ́rmorpheme-posuffix ‘frog (large sp. of)’Jäschke 1881
Tibetan (Written)ɦbaɦ koŋmorpheme n‘snail’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0371.01

2.1.4Tamangish3

Manang (Gyaru)pol⁴ ba³suffix ‘frog’Nagano 84 Man: 320-31
Tamang (Sahu)pāhlsuffix n‘frog (ground)’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.066
Tamang (Sahu)pahlpasuffix ‘ground frog’Taylor 72 TmVo: 3.66

3.2Qiangic23

Guiqiongbi³⁵pu̵⁵⁵morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.16
Guiqiongbi⁵⁵pu̵⁵³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.17
Lyuzupi³³mæ⁵³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.18
Muyambə⁵³morphemembɑ³³ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.15
Muya [Minyak]mbo³⁵morphemembɑ³³ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.15
Namuyipa³³mi⁵⁵suffix ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.19
Namuyipa³³mi³³suffix n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.46
Namuyipa³³mi⁵⁵suffixæʴ⁵⁵morphemeʁuo⁵⁵morpheme n‘tadpole’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0350.46
Qiang (Longxi)zòmorpheme piá-tsùmorpheme ‘tadpole [frog-small]’Evans 99 Qiang: 431
Qiang (Longxi)zòmorpheme-piá ‘frog’Evans 99 Qiang: 430
Qiang (Mawo)dzumorpheme pi ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.8
Qiang (Mawo)dzumorpheme piɛ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.08
Qiang (Mianchi)dzòmorpheme-piá ‘frog’Evans 99 Qiang: 430
Qiang (Taoping)dzuɑ³¹morphemepu⁵⁵mɑ³³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.9
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]pɛ³³pa⁵³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.16
Xumipɔ⁵⁵mi³³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.20
Xumipᴜ⁵⁵mi³³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.17
Zhaba (Daofu County)pi³³tɕe⁵⁵morphemekə³³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.14

3.3.1rGyalrong6

rGyalrongkhamorpheme ʃpa ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.12
Caodengmorpheme-ʃpe ‘frog’Sun J 97 Cao
Caodengmorpheme-ʃpe ‘toad’Sun J 97 Cao
rGyalrongkhamorpheme shi pa ‘frog’Nagano 97 GyQ: 11.1
rGBenzhenkʰamorpheme-ʃpa ‘frog’Sun J 97 rGB

6.1Lolo-Burmese2

6.1.1Burmish25

Achang (Lianghe)pho³¹ok³¹morpheme ‘frog’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Luxi)pa⁵⁵kuat⁵⁵morpheme ‘frog’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Xiandao)phă³¹cak³⁵morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.29
Burmese (Written)bhâ-prupmorpheme ‘toad ( bhâ = 'frog' )’Benedict 76 WBur
Hpun (Northern)prefixphà, prefix ‘frog’Henderson 86 Hpun
Atsi [Zaiwa]pŏ̱²¹kje̱k⁵⁵morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.30
Atsi [Zaiwa]pŏ̱²¹kje̱k⁵⁵morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.42

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish17

Laloóprefix-pàq-ńmorpheme-tjəqmorpheme ‘frog’Björverud 94
Nusu (Southern)pɔ⁵⁵ ‘frog’Sun J 86 Nusu
Yi (Dafang)pu⁵⁵tsa²¹morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.22
Yi (Liangshan)ɔ³⁴prefixpa³³ ‘frog; toad’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Liangshan)ɔ³⁴prefixpa³³a³³prefixvu⁵⁵morpheme ‘toad; tree toad’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Liangshan)ɔ³⁴prefixpa³³nɔ³³morphemeŋgɯ³³morpheme ‘frog’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Liangshan)ɔ³⁴prefixpa³³ʨhi³³morphemen̥i³³morpheme ‘frog’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Mile)ᴀ³³prefixpo⁵⁵ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.25
Yi (Mojiang)ᴀ⁵⁵prefixpo³³ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.26
Yi (Nanjian)u⁵⁵morphemepa²¹n̩(ɿ)⁵⁵morphemetʂɿ̄³³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.23
Yi (Weishan)ʔu⁵⁵morphemepa²¹ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.36
Yi (Wuding)u⁵⁵morphemepu³³ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.38
Yi (Xide)ɔ³⁴morphemepɑ³³ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.35
Yi (Xide)ɔ⁴⁴morphemepa³³ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.21

6.1.2.2Central Loloish19

Jinuophɔ³³kɛ⁵⁵morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.34
Jinuophɔ³³ny⁴⁴morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.44
Jinuo (Youle)phɔ⁴⁴ȵu⁴⁴morpheme ‘frog’Gai 86
Lahu (Yellow)pa⁵ ‘frog’Chang 86
Lahu (Yellow)pa⁵la⁵morphemedu⁴morpheme ‘frog (sp.)’Chang 86
Lisuo⁵⁵prefixpɑ⁵⁵ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.27
Lisuo⁵⁵morphemepɑ⁵⁵ni³⁵tʃhi̱³¹ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.40
Lisu (Central)wu¹morpheme-pa¹ ‘frog’Fraser 22
Lisu (Northern)ɔ⁵⁵morphemepa⁵⁵ N‘frog; toad; cf. ɔ⁵⁵ly³³zaʔ²¹’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɔ⁵⁵morphemepa⁵⁵ la²¹morphemetɕæ³³morpheme ‘kind of frog, Bufo melanostictus’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɔ⁵⁵morphemepa⁵⁵ ni³⁵morphemetʃhɿʔ²¹morpheme ‘tree toad’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɔ⁵⁵morphemepa⁵⁵fu³³morpheme ‘toad egg’Bradley 94 Lisu
Yi (Sani)ɒ⁴⁴prefixpɒ⁵⁵mɒ³³morpheme n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.39

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish21

Akha (Yunnan)xhàmorpheme phà ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Akha (Thai)xhàmorpheme-phà ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Hani (Dazhai)xa³¹morphemepha³¹ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.31
Hani (Lüchun)xhamorpheme phà ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Hani (Lüchun)xa³¹morphemepha³¹ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.41
Hani (Pijo)phà ŋɛqmorpheme ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Hani (Caiyuan)phɔ³¹ne̱³³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.30
Hani (Gelanghe)xa³¹morphemepha³¹ ‘frog’Li Yongsui 86 Hani
Hani (Wordlist)haqprefixpaq ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 47
Hani (Wordlist)haqprefixpaq ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Hani (Shuikui)xɔ³¹morphemephɔ³¹ ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.32
Hani (Khatu)phà phfumorpheme ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 77
Hani (Mojiang)xɔ³¹morphemephɔ³¹ n‘frog’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0349.42
Mpipho² ‘frog’Hansson 89 AHKP: 47
Mpipho²-ʔe⁶morpheme ‘frog’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 73
Mpipho²neʔ⁶morphemesoŋ⁴morpheme ‘frog (small, green)’Srinuan 76
Mpipho²ʔe⁶morpheme ‘frog’Srinuan 76
Silaphɛ21 nɯ21morpheme ‘frog’Kato 08 Lao: 122

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish10

Azhaa²¹prefixpɔ̠⁴⁵ ‘frog’Pelkey 11 Phula: 125
Azhaa²¹prefixpɔ̠⁴⁵kʌ²²morphemeli²²morphemeʨi̠⁴⁵morpheme ‘toad’Pelkey 11 Phula: 126
Southern Mujipa²¹ɕi³³morpheme(-a²¹morpheme) ‘toad’Pelkey 11 Phula: 126
Southern Mujipa²¹ʨi³³morpheme ‘frog’Pelkey 11 Phula: 125
Pholapɑ̠³³ᵑkji³¹morphemekʰɨ̠³³morpheme ‘toad’Pelkey 11 Phula: 126
Pholaɔ⁵⁵prefixpɑ̠³³ ‘frog’Pelkey 11 Phula: 125
Hlepho Phowaa⁵⁵prefixpa³³ ‘frog’Pelkey 11 Phula: 125
Hlepho Phowaa⁵⁵prefixpa⁵⁵kɔ²¹morphemeʦʰo²¹morpheme ‘toad’Pelkey 11 Phula: 126
Phuzaa³³prefixpa³³ ‘frog’Pelkey 11 Phula: 125
Phuzaa³³prefixpa³³lɛ¹³morphemekʌ³³morphemeʦʰʌ³¹morpheme ‘toad’Pelkey 11 Phula: 126

6.2Naxi5

Laze (Xiangjiao)pɤ˧mie˧suffix ‘frog’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 3856
Na (Yongning)pɤ˩mi˩suffix ‘frog’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Naxi (Lijiang)pɑ³³tɕə³³morpheme ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.28
Naxi (Yongning)pə³¹mi¹³suffix ‘frog’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 150.29

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2148, *s-bal ‘FROG’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2148
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC p.15, HPTB pp.404, 405, 428
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2148,
  title  = {{*s-bal 'FROG'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2148},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2148}
}