STEDT
STEDT #5375

*r-tsaːl

VEGETABLE

Notes

This root is reconstructed with a final lateral on the testimony of Written Tibetan. There is a closely similar comparandum in Chinese ts'âi', although Karlgren (1923) only gives a Middle Chinese form. The Qiangic, Tujia, Baic, and Loloish forms may well be borrowings from either Tibetan or Chinese, although the Mizo form seems to reflect a genuine TB root.

Reflexes & cognates48 reflexes · 12 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanr-tsaːy ‘curry / vegetable / dish (eat with rice)’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 161
*Tibeto-Burmanr-tsaːy ‘vegetable’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 616

1.2.2Central Chin2

Lushai [Mizo]thlai ‘vegetable’Marrison 67 Naga
Lushai [Mizo]ˍtlhaːi ‘vegetable’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 161

2.1.2.1Tibetan16

Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)tshe ramorpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.4
Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)tsho mamorpheme ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.4
Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)ɣŋ̊omorpheme tshe ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.5
Tibetan (Khams:Dege)tshɛ⁵⁵ ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.3
Tibetan (Khams:Dege)tshɛ⁵⁵jin⁵⁵morpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.3
Tibetan (Lhasa)tshɛ⁵⁵ ‘vegetable’LaPolla 87: 19
Tibetan (Lhasa)tshɛ⁵⁵ɕiŋ¹⁵morpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.2
Tibetan (Lhasa)ŋop⁵³morphemetshɛ⁵⁵ ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.2
Tibetan (Written)(tshal) gtubmorpheme v.‘cut up (vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1574.01
Tibetan (Written)(tshal) slelpomorpheme (gaŋ)morpheme clf‘basketful (of vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0875.01
Tibetan (Written)sŋomorpheme tshal n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.01
Tibetan (Written)sŋo⁵³morphemetshal ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.1
Tibetan (Written)tshal ʑiŋmorpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.1
Tibetan (Xiahe)tsho mamorpheme n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.04

3.2Qiangic9

Muyatshe³³ɣuæ³³probable loanword n‘garden (plot)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0522.15
Muyaŋo⁵⁵morphemetshæ⁵³ n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.15
Muya [Minyak]tshɛ³⁵ ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.15
Muya [Minyak]tshɛ³⁵ɣuɛ³⁵probable loanword ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.15
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tshɛ⁵⁵yɛ̃³³loanword ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.16
Queyu (Xinlong)tʂhi¹³morphemetʂhɛ⁵⁵ v.‘cut up (vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1574.13

3.3rGyalrongic3

Daofutshẽ n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.12
Ergong (Danba)tshɛ yɛnloanword tsɿloanword ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.14
Ergong (Danba)tshɛ ʐŋɯmorpheme ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.14

3.3.1rGyalrong1

rGBenzhentsʰɐiʔ ‘vegetable’Sun J 97 rGB

5Tujia4

Tujiatshie⁵⁵jian²¹loanword ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.38
Tujia (Northern)xa⁵⁵morphemetshe⁵⁵ ‘vegetable’Tian 86
Tujiaxa⁵⁵morphemetshie⁵⁵ n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.49
Tujiaxa⁵⁵morphemetshie⁵⁵ ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.38

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2

Yi (Liangshan)ʦhi⁵⁵ʑo²¹loanword ‘oil, vegetable’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Nanjian)tshɑi⁵⁵yĩ²¹morpheme; tɕhy⁵⁵morpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.23

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Lahu (Black)ɔ̄morpheme-chî ‘dish to eat with rice’Lahu -chî was previously identified (cf. DL:221) with the verb chî ‘to lift up, exalt’ since curries or vegetable dishes ‘lift up’ the taste of plain rice; most Lahu consultants endorse this analysis), but Akha has both tjhì [ILH] ‘lift up’ and tshɛ̀ ‘food (except rice)’, which might indicate that two separate morphemes are involved (cf. #152 PTB *kyi LIFT / RAISE / AWAKE).Matisoff 85 GSTC: 161

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish1

Akhatshɛ̀ ‘food (except rice)’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 161

8Bai8

Bai (Bijiang)tshɯ⁴² ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.37
Bai (Bijiang)tshɯ⁴²suɑ̃⁵⁵morpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.37
Bai (Dali)tshɯ³¹ ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.35
Bai (Dali)tshɯ³¹suɑ³⁵morpheme ‘vegetable garden’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 366.35
Bai (Jianchuan)(tshɿ²¹ɑ²¹morpheme) tiə⁵⁵morpheme clf‘basketful (of vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0875.48
Bai (Jianchuan)(tshɿ²¹ɑ²¹morpheme) tshuɑ̱³³morpheme clf‘bunch / bundle (of vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0852.48
Bai (Jianchuan)tshɯ³¹sv⁵⁵morpheme ‘vegetable’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 206.36
Bai (Jianchuan)tshɿ²¹kuɑ̱³³morpheme n‘vegetable’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0420.48

9.0.1Old Chinese1

Chinese (Old)ts'âi' ‘vegetables; things plucked’This is really a Middle Chinese form.Matisoff 85 GSTC: 161

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #5375, *r-tsaːl ‘VEGETABLE’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5375
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: Matisoff 03 HPTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-5375,
  title  = {{*r-tsaːl 'VEGETABLE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #5375},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5375}
}