STEDT
STEDT #5400

*k(w)aŋ ⪤ *pʷaŋ

SPIDER / SPIN / SPINDLE

Intermediate reconstructions

Northern Naga/Konyakian*ʔ-paŋ ‘SPINDLE’
Lolo-Burmese*m-kaŋ ‘SPIDER’
Lolo-Burmese*g-waŋ¹ ‘SPIDER / SPIN / SPINDLE’
Karenic*gaŋᴬ ‘SPIDER’

Notes

The reflexes of this richly attested root range from velar stops to labial stops to w-, pointing to a complex allofamic reconstruction. The TB languages show much variation in the names of insects and other small creatures, which often run to four or more syllables. The large degree of variation to be found in such words can plausibly be ascribed to the tendency of successive generations of children to create new forms.

The nasal prefix in the PLB reconstruction accounts for the voicing of the Lahu initial.

Clearly related are #5408 PTB *m-ga SPIN / CARD FIBERS and #5681 PTB *m-gu SPIDER, also with voiced initials in Lahu. Polysyllabic Lahu forms like na-gù-na-gá-pɛ̄ demonstrate that these two roots are separate.

Also possibly related is #5682 PLB *ʔ-gyaŋ¹ SPIN / ROTATE / TOP (toy).

Chinese comparandum

OC *pʼi̯wɑng, GSR #740r ‘twist, spin’; Schuessler 2007:232 *phaŋʔ; B & S 2011: *pʰaŋʔ; Mand. fǎng.

Reflexes & cognates73 reflexes · 25 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)5

*Tibeto-Burmankaŋwaŋ ‘spider / spin’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 595
*Tibeto-Burmanpaŋ = *pwaŋ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
*Tibeto-Burmanpʷaŋ ‘spin / spindle’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 608

1.1“North Assam”1

1.1.1.1Western Tani5

Apatanitaprefix-po ‘spindle’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengnitaprefix-poː ‘spindle’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokartaprefix-poŋ ‘spindle’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokar Lhobataprefixpoŋ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
Galotaːprefix ‘spindle’Das Gupta 63 Gal

1.1.2Deng1

Darang [Taraon]ńa³¹morpheme boŋ³⁵ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin3

Daaiwaːmmorpheme ‘spider’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 69
Mkaangvomvaʔmorpheme ‘spider’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 69
Nyhmoyevɔᶺmvamorpheme ‘spider’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 69

1.7.1.2Garo1

1.7.1.3Koch3

Atonggawang n‘spider’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atonggawangsyryngmorpheme n‘spider web’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongguwang n‘spider’van Breugel 08 Atong

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1

*Northern Nagaʔ-paŋ ‘spindle’French 83: 557

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1

Konyakphang ‘spindle (cotton)’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.3.1Jingpho3

Jingphokamorphemebang ‘spindle (cotton)’Marrison 67 Naga
Jingphomorphemebaŋ ‘hand spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
Jingphomorphemebaŋ ‘hand-spindle’Benedict 72 STC: 48

2.1.1Western Himalayish2

Theborphaŋ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
Theborphaŋ ‘spindle’Benedict 72 STC: 48

2.1.2Bodic3

Tsangla (Motuo)pheŋasuffix ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
Tshona (Wenlang)kɑŋ⁵⁵prɑ⁵⁵morphememo⁵⁵morpheme ‘spider’Lu 86 CuoM
Tshona (Mama)pheŋ⁵³ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68

2.1.2.1Tibetan3

Tibetan (Balti)pʰʌŋ ‘spindle’Rangan 75: 77
Tibetan (Written)phaŋḥphaŋ ‘spindle’Benedict 72 STC: 48
Tibetan (Written)phaŋ~'phaŋ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68

2.1.4Tamangish3

Tamang (Sahu)wāhng wāhng n‘spider’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.081
Tamang (Sahu)wāhng wāhng kimorpheme cāhngmorpheme n‘web (of spider)’Hale 73 CSD: 03a.082
Tamang (Sahu)wahŋ wahŋ ‘spider’Taylor 72 TmVo: 3.81

2.3.2Southern Kiranti1

BantawaghaNghaNmamorpheme ‘spider’Rai 85 BnDs

2.3.4Western Kiranti2

Thulunggoŋga#5408 PTB *m-ga ‘SPIN / CARD FIBERS’yoŋmorphememamorpheme ‘daddy-long-legs <spider>’Allen 75
Thulunggəːŋga#5408 PTB *m-ga ‘SPIN / CARD FIBERS’yummorpheme ‘daddy-long-legs <spider>’Allen 75

4Nungic1

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)śap⁵⁵morpheme paŋ⁵³ ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmesewaŋ² ‘spin / spindle’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 619

6.1.1Burmish21

Achang (Xiandao)koŋ³¹ kau³¹morpheme a³¹prefix in⁵⁵morpheme ‘spider's web’Dai 89 Xian: 423
Achang (Xiandao)koŋ³¹kau⁵⁵morpheme n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.29
Bolakɔ̃³¹ mja̱³⁵morpheme sɔt⁵⁵morpheme ‘spider's web’Dai 89 Bola: 423
Bola (Luxi)phi³¹morphemekɔ̃³¹ n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.32
Burmese (Written)ăprefixwaŋ ‘spindleful of thread’Benedict 72 STC: 48
Burmese (Written)waṅ v‘spin (cotton)’Marrison 67 Naga
Burmese (Written)waṅrui:morpheme ‘spindle (cotton)’Marrison 67 Naga
Burmese (Written)wáŋ ‘swing around, spin’LaPolla 87: 68
Burmese (Written)wáŋ ‘swing around; spin’Benedict 72 STC: 48
Burmese (Written)waŋ-rûisuffix ‘spindle’Benedict 76 WBur
Burmese (Written)waŋ-ruìsuffix ‘spindle’LaPolla 87: 68
Burmese (Written)waŋ-ruìsuffix ‘spindle’Benedict 72 STC: 48
Burmese (Written)waŋʼ ‘swing around; spin; boast’Benedict 76 WBur
Langsu (Luxi)phjɔ̆³¹morphemekɔ̃³⁵ n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.31
Leqi (Luxi)laʔ³¹morphemekaŋ³³ n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.33
Marmapáŋmorphemekhuŋ ‘spider’Huziwara 08 Sak: 306-1
Maru [Langsu]phjĭ³¹morphemekɔ̃³⁵ ‘spider’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 159.43
Atsi [Zaiwa]a⁵⁵prefixkaŋ²¹ n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.30
Atsi [Zaiwa]a⁵⁵prefixkaŋ²¹ ‘spider’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 159.42
Atsi [Zaiwa]lă²¹morphemekaŋ²¹ n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.30

6.1.2Loloish3

*Loloishbaŋ³ ‘spider’Bradley 79 PLo: 79A
*Loloishg-waŋ¹ ‘spin’Bradley 79 PLo: 729
*Loloishg-waŋ¹ ‘spin’Hansson 89 AHKP: 277

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish5

Nusu (Central)la⁵⁵morphemeba̱⁵³mɹe³³morpheme n‘spider’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0361.34
Nusu (Northern)lɑ³¹morphemebɑ̱³⁵ ‘spider’Sun J 86 Nusu
Nusu (Bijiang)lɑ⁵⁵morphemebɑ̱⁵³ɑ³¹morpheme ‘spider’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 159.45
Nusu (Southern)põ³¹ ‘spin (yarn)’Sun J 86 Nusu
Nusu (Central)pɔ̃³¹ v.‘spin (into yarn)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1313.34

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Lahu (Black)aprefix-gɔ̀-aprefix-límorpheme-pɛ̀morpheme n.‘spider’Matisoff 88 DL: 69

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish2

Mpipaŋ⁵ v.‘spin (thread, yarn) / twirl’Srinuan 76
Mpiphaŋʔ⁵ v.‘turn / rotate / spin’Srinuan 76

7Karenic9

*Karengaŋᴬ ‘spider’[Source note] Bwe has an irregular tone, i.e. tone 11 (D3) instead of tone 33 (A3) as in the other Karenic languages.Luangthongkum 13: 269
Kayankaŋ³³ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269
Kayawkɔ³³ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269
Pa-Ojàumorpheme kâŋ ‘spider (2)’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-O (Southern)jɔŋ³¹morphemekaŋ⁵³ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269
Pa-O (Northern)kuŋ³³morphemekaŋ³³ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269
Pwo (Northern)pu¹¹morphemekhɛ̃⁵⁵ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269
Pwo (Southern)khɔ̃³¹¨ ‘spider’Luangthongkum 13: 269

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #5400, *k(w)aŋ ⪤ *pʷaŋ ‘SPIDER / SPIN / SPINDLE’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5400
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. HPTB p. 57
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-5400,
  title  = {{*k(w)aŋ ⪤ *pʷaŋ 'SPIDER / SPIN / SPINDLE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #5400},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5400}
}