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Verbs of Motion, of Manipulation, and of Production › Action Verbs with Patient › Assorted action verbs › ? › Use

STEDT #5574

z(y)um ⪤ zuŋ

USE

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · provisional

Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*zum² ‘USE’STC p.30

Chinese comparandum

用 OC *di̯ung, GSR #1185a-e ‘use, employ’; B & S 2011: *m.loŋ-s; Mand. yòng.
傭 OC *di̯ung, GSR #1185y ‘hire’; B & S 2011: *loŋ; Mand. yōng.

Reflexes & cognates84 reflexes · 17 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

*Tibeto-Burmanz(y)um ⪤ zuŋ ‘use’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 621

1.5Mikir [Karbi]1

Mikir [Karbi]en ‘use’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang2

Changjun◦geimorpheme ‘use’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyakjon ‘use’Marrison 67 Naga

3.2Qiangic9

Ersuzi⁵⁵ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.18

Guiqiongjũ³⁵tʃhu³³morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.16

Namuyizy⁵⁵ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.19

Namuyizu̵⁵³ n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.46

Qiang (Mawo)juŋ thɑsmorpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.08

Qiang (Mianchi)iò ‘make use of’Evans 99 Qiang: 2331

Qiang (Mianchi)iò sɨ̀morpheme ŋámorpheme n.‘use’Evans 99 Qiang: 1031

Qiang (Taoping)ye¹³ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.9

Xumitsɿ⁵⁵ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.20

4Nungic1

Anongdzom³¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.44

6.1Lolo-Burmese3

*Lolo-Burmesezum ‘use / employ’Chou 72: 1185a-e

*Lolo-Burmesezum² ‘use’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 621

*Lolo-Burmesezum² ‘use / grab / seize’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 29

6.1.1Burmish15

Burmese (Rangoon)ɑ⁵³prefixtθõ⁵⁵ n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.27

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)tθõ⁵⁵ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.40

Burmese (Written)sùm ‘use / employ’Chou 72: 1185a-e

Burmese (Written)sûm ‘use’Hansson 89 AHKP: 400

Burmese (Written)sûm ‘use / grab / seize’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 29

Burmese (Written)sûm ‘use’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 214

Burmese (Written)sûṁ ‘make use of, employ’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)sùm ‘use’Benedict 72 STC: 30n96

Burmese (Written)sum̊: ‘use’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)thuṁ³ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.39

Burmese (Written)ɑ¹prefixtθuṁ³ n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.26

Burmese (Written)əprefix-sûṁ ‘use, usefulness’Benedict 76 WBur

Marmaθúŋ ‘use’Huziwara 08 Sak: 210-1

Atsi [Zaiwa]tʃhuŋ⁵¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.42

Atsi [Zaiwa]tʃhuŋ⁵¹tʃaŋ²¹morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.30

6.1.2Loloish3

*Loloishʒum² ‘use’Bradley 79 PLo: 710

*Loloishʒum² ‘use’Hansson 89 AHKP: 400

PNLzum² ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish15

Lalojỳ ‘use’Björverud 94

Lalozy²¹ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Liphozɤ²¹ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Nasuzɤ³³ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Neisuzɤ³³ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Nesuzɤ³³ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Nosuzɤ³³ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Yi (Mile)zi²¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.25

Yi (Mojiang)zɯ³³ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.26

Yi (Nanhua)zɯ²¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.24

Yi (Nanhua)zɯ²¹gi³³morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.37

Yi (Nanjian)ʑy²¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.23

Yi (Wuding)zv̥³³de³³Chinese loanword n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.38

Yi (Xide)zi³³ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.21

Yi (Xide)zi³³tʂho⁵⁵morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.35

6.1.2.2Central Loloish25

Ahizi²¹ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Lahuyɛ ‘use / employ’Chou 72: 1185a-e

Lahuyɛ̂ ‘use’Benedict 72 STC: 30n96

Lahu (Lancang)ʑɛ³¹kɯ³¹morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.43

Lahu (Black)yɛ̂ ‘use / grab / seize’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 29

Lahu (Black)yɛ̂ ‘use’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 214

Lahu (Black)zɛ⁵³ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.33

Lahu (Yellow)ʑɛ³ ‘use’Chang 86

Lisurze / rösuffix ‘use’Benedict 72 STC: 30n96

Lisurze~rösuffix ‘use’Chou 72: 1185a-e

Lisu (Central)rze⁵ ‘use’Fraser 22

Lisuze³¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.27

Lisuze³¹zɛ̱³¹morphemedu³³morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.40

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹ V‘use; have in hand; apply; execute; adopt’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹ ma²¹morpheme wa³³morpheme ‘have no chance or occasion to use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹ ma²¹#2436 PTB *ma ‘(NEGATIVE)’PCN *maʔ ‘NO (REFUSAL)’ zæʔ²¹morpheme ‘have no use; not suitable for use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹nu³³morpheme ‘need; need to use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹thɔ²¹morpheme ‘need urgently; need to use urgently’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹tsi³³morpheme ‘recomend; make someone use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹wa³³morpheme ‘have chance to use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹zæʔ²¹morpheme ‘have use for’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹zæʔ²¹morphemegu³³morpheme n‘use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)zø²¹ŋɔ²¹morpheme ‘method of use’Bradley 94 Lisu

Sani [Nyi]zɤ²¹ ‘use’Chen 86 CS: 15.

Yi (Sani)zɤ¹¹ɣɒ³³morpheme n‘use’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0701.39

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish5

Akhazm̀ ‘use’Hansson 89 AHKP: 400

Akha (Thai)zm̀ ‘use, spend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 400

Akha (Yunnan)zm̀/jm̀ ‘use, spend’Hansson 89 AHKP: 400

Hani (Dazhai)zɔ³¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.31

Hani (Gelanghe)zm̩³¹ ‘use’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

7Karenic2

Kayan (Pekon)ì̤morpheme◦sə̀ V‘use’Manson 10 Kayan

Pa-Osūŋ ‘use’Solnit 89 PaO

8Bai2

Bai (Dali)zv 3/4 ‘use / utilize’Dell 81: 836

Bai (Dali)zv³¹ ‘use’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 679.35

9Sinitic1

Chinese (Hanzi)用 v.‘use’BaxterSagart 2011: 3531

9.0.1Old Chinese2

Chinese (Old/Mid)di̯uŋ / yi̯uŋ ‘use, employ’Benedict 72 STC: 30n96

Chinese (Old/Mid)di̯uŋ/yi̯uŋ ‘use / employ’Chou 72: 1185a-e

9.0.2Middle Chinese1

Chinese (Middle)yowngH v.‘use’BaxterSagart 2011: 3531

9.0.3Modern Chinese2

Chinese (Mandarin)yòng v‘use, spend’Evans 91

Chinese (Mandarin)yòng v.‘use’BaxterSagart 2011: 3531

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #5574, *z(y)um ⪤ *zuŋ ‘USE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5574

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. HPTB pp. 34, 66, 276, 531

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-5574,
  title  = {{*z(y)um ⪤ *zuŋ 'USE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #5574},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/5574}
}