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STEDT #1265

*ra

MOUSTACHE / BEARD / CHIN

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlerainitialrrhymeacoverL · V

Notes

This root is very likely related to #6031 PTB *ra GOAT, the obvious connection being the goatees of hircine animals. However, in view of the large semantic difference between the two roots, we are keeping them separate for the time being.

The nasalization in the second syllable of one of the Idu forms seems due to the effect of the initial nasal in the third syllable.

Reflexes & cognates42 reflexes · 10 subgroups

1.1.2Deng3

Darang [Taraon]themorpheme◦ra◦mum#2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Idueprefix◦rõ◦mo#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘moustache’Pulu 78

Idueprefix◦ro◦mo#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘moustache / beard’Anonymous 62 Idu

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte1

Nocteka#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ra ‘chin’French 83: 468

2.1.2Bodic10

Baimamɛ¹³#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ rɑ⁵³ ‘beard’Sun H 91 Baim: 8.1.2.1

Kaikemā#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦rā ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Tsangla (Central)ro◦zumorpheme ‘chin’Egli-Roduner: 33 1

Tsangla (Motuo)maŋ¹³#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ ra¹³ ‘beard’Zhang Jichuan 86

Tsangla (Motuo)maŋ#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ra ‘beard’Sun H 80 MLD

Tsangla (Motuo)maŋ#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ra ‘beard’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 246.7

Tsangla (Motuo)ro◦zi#2055 PTB *tri ‘JAW / CHIN’ ‘chin’Sun H 80 MLD

Tsangla (Motuo)ro◦zi#2055 PTB *tri ‘JAW / CHIN’ ‘chin’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 247.7

Tshona (Wenlang)mɑŋ⁵⁵#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ rɑ⁵⁵ ‘beard’Lu 86 CuoM

Motuo Menbaro zi#2055 PTB *tri ‘JAW / CHIN’ n‘chin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0088.07

2.1.2.1Tibetan9

Tibetan (Jirel)'mwâ#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦râq ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Lhasa)a⁵³prefixra¹³ ‘beard’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 246.2

Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)mang#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ra ‘beard’Bishop 89: 8.1.2.1

Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)mang#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ra ‘goatee’Bishop 89: 8.1.2.2

Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)mang#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ra ‘moustache’Bishop 89: 8.1.2.3

Tibetan (Written)'aprefix-ra ‘beard’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)aprefix-ra ‘beard, moustache’Zhang Liansheng 88: 28

Tibetan (Written)sma#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ ra ‘beard’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 246.1

Tibetan (Written)sma#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’-ra ‘beard’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.4Tamangish11

Gurung (Ghachok)mu#1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’MesorootsPTani *mɯt ‘HAIR (OF BODY)’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’◦rā: ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Gurung (Ghachok)mu#1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’MesorootsPTani *mɯt ‘HAIR (OF BODY)’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’◦raː ‘moustache’Glover 72 GuVo: 2.A.14

Manang (Gyaru)mon¹#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ ɖᴇ¹ ‘beard’Nagano 84 Man: 024

Manang (Prakaa)³mon#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ʈe ‘moustache’Hoshi 84: 0016

Tamang (Sahu)'kʰaːra ‘throat’also contains *gamTaylor 72 TmVo: 2.26

Tamang (Sahu)māng#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦re ‘beard’Matisoff 87 BP

Tamang (Sahu)maŋ#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦re ‘beard’Taylor 72 TmVo: 2.13

Tamang (Sahu)maŋ#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦re ‘moustache’Taylor 72 TmVo: 2.14

Thakali (Tukche)ma#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ro ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Thakali (Tukche)ma#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ro ‘moustache’Hari 71a ThVo: 2.A.14

Thakali (Tukche)ma#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’◦ro ‘whiskers’Hari 71a ThVo: 3.A.49

2.3.2Southern Kiranti1

Chamlingra◦khap#278 PTB *kap ‘JAW / CHEEK / CHIN’◦tON*#3316 PTB *twaŋ ‘TOOTH / MOLAR’ ‘molar’Winter 85: 30

2.3.4Western Kiranti2

Hayura ‘chin’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 33

Hayura ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

3.2Qiangic1

Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]la⁵⁵ pu⁵³#1228 PTB *s-pu ‘FEATHER / WING / HAIR (body)’ ‘beard’Sun H 91 ZhaQ: 8.1.2.1

5Tujia2

Tujiala⁵⁵ pʰa²¹morpheme ‘beard’Chen 86 TuBQ: 8.1.2.1

Tujia (Northern)la⁵⁵ pʰa²¹morpheme ‘beard’Tian 86

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1265, *ra ‘MOUSTACHE / BEARD / CHIN’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1265

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1265,
  title  = {{*ra 'MOUSTACHE / BEARD / CHIN'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1265},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1265}
}