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STEDT #1408

s-ta-s ⪤ ta-n

HEAR

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleta-sinitialtrhymea-s ⪤ tacoverT · VTS

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*tat² ‘LISTEN / HEAR’JS-HCST: 88

Connections

HPTB*s-ta-s ‘hear’pp. 433, 442, 443, 471

Reflexes & cognates122 reflexes · 26 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4

*Tibeto-Burmans-ta-s ‘hear’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 614

*Tibeto-Burmanta-s ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

*Tibeto-Burmanta-s ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

*Tibeto-Burmantâ-s v.‘hear’French 83: 502

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanitat² ‘listen / hear’Sun J 93 HCST: 242

1.1.1.1Western Tani33

Apatanita ‘listen / hear’Sun J 93 HCST

Apatanita ‘hear’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanita ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanita ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanita ‘obey’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanità-gomorpheme ‘refuse to listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanità-ljámorpheme ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanita-pamorpheme ‘hear’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanita-prɯmorpheme ‘bad to listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Bengnitəː-dɯrmorpheme ‘listen clearly’Sun J 93 Tani

Bengnitɯː ‘listen / hear’Sun J 93 HCST

Bengnitɯː ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Bengnitɯː-paːmorpheme ‘hear’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokartaː ‘listen / hear’Sun J 93 HCST

Bokartaː ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokartaː v.‘listen’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1681.24

Bokartaː-poŋmorpheme ‘hear’Sun J 93 Tani

Bokartaː◦poŋmorpheme v.‘hear’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1682.24

Bokar Lhobataa ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Bokar Lhobataː ‘listen’Sun H 80 MLD

Bokar Lhobataː ‘listen’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 532.51

Galo`ta◦jinmorpheme vt.‘strain (to hear)’GLDC 09 Galo

Galo`ta◦namsuffix vt.‘hear’GLDC 09 Galo

Galo`ta◦namsuffix vt.‘listen’GLDC 09 Galo

Galo`ta◦paamorpheme vt.‘hear’GLDC 09 Galo

Galota-namsuffix v‘hear’Das Gupta 63 Gal

Miri, Hillta n‘listen, hail’Simon 76 Miri

Miri, Hillta-namsuffix ‘listen, hear, obey’Simon 76 Miri

Nishingté ‘hear’Das Gupta 69 Daf

Nishingté-rammorpheme ‘disobey ('hear not')’Das Gupta 69 Daf

Tagintɤ ɟɯkmorpheme◦namsuffix v‘choose by hearing’Das Gupta 83 Tag

Tagintɤ-namsuffix v‘hear’Das Gupta 83 Tag

Tagintɤ-namsuffix v‘obey (hear)’Das Gupta 83 Tag

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani5

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]tat ‘listen / hear’Sun J 93 HCST

Damuteː-paːmorpheme-tomorpheme ‘hear’Sun J 93 Tani

Damuteː-ramorpheme ‘listen’Sun J 93 Tani

Mishing [Miri]tat ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Mishing [Miri]tat ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

1.1.2Deng5

Darang [Taraon]tʰɑ³¹ tiɯŋ⁵³morpheme ‘hear’Sun H 80 MLD

Darang [Taraon]tʰɑ³¹ ɹɯŋ⁵⁵morpheme ‘listen’Sun H 80 MLD

Kaman [Miju]tat⁵⁵ ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Kaman [Miju]tɑt⁵⁵ ‘hear’Sun H 80 MLD

Kaman [Miju]tɑ⁵⁵ giɑt⁵⁵morpheme ‘listen’Sun H 80 MLD

1.2.3Maraic1

Lakher [Mara]²thei ‘hear’Weidert 87 TBTo: 325

1.4Meithei2

Meitheita, pukninchangmorpheme ‘listen’Marrison 67 Naga

Meitheita◦bəmorpheme v.‘hear’Singh 91 MeiQ: 3.6.7

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1

*Northern NagaC̬prefix-taːt v.‘hear’French 83: 502

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte2

Tangsa¹t̪ai(ʔ) v.‘hear’Weidert 87 TBTo: 34

Tangsa (Yogli)tai ‘hear’French 83: 502

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang2

Phomtan ~ dan ‘hear’French 83: 502

Wanchoaprefix tat ‘hear’French 83: 502

1.7.3.1Jingpho5

Jingphoma³¹prefix tat³¹ ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Jingphomă³¹prefixtat³¹ v.‘listen’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1681.19

Jingphomă³¹prefixtat³¹ ‘listen’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 532.47

Jingphomă¹prefix tat³¹ ‘listen’Liu 84

Jingphomaprefix◦tat ‘listen’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.3.2Asakian4

Ganantɑt³ v.‘listen to’Luce 85: L.280

Kadu (Kantu)tɛt² v.‘listen to’Luce 85: L.280

Sak (Bawtala)ă⁴prefixte² v.‘listen to’Luce 85: L.280

Sakaprefix◦té ‘listen’Huziwara 08 Sak: 59a

2.1.1Western Himalayish2

Pattani [Manchati]mamorpheme◦tʰa◦cəmorpheme ‘deaf’Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

Pattani [Manchati]tʰa◦tʃimorpheme v.‘listen’Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

2.1.2Bodic3

Tsangla (Central)tha ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

Tsangla (Motuo)than ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Tshona (Mama)thɔʔ⁵³ ‘hear’Sun H 80 MLD

2.1.2.1Tibetan4

Tibetan (Batang)tsho⁵⁵ v.‘hear’Dai 89 Bata: 3.6.7

Tibetan (Written)thos-pasuffix ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Tibetan (Written)thos-pasuffix ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 99n282

Tibetan (Written)thos-pasuffix gomorpheme-bamorpheme tshormorpheme bamorpheme ‘hear’Zhang Liansheng 88: 93

2.1.3Lepcha3

As demonstrated by Benedict 1943, Lepcha medial -y- often derives from the PTB *s- prefix.

Lepchathyo ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Lepchathyo ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

Lepchathyo~thyóm v.‘hear’Plaisier 07 Lepcha

2.1.4Tamangish17

Gurungthe:-msuffix ‘hear’Hale 73 CSD: 01.058

Gurung (Ghachok)tʰeː-msuffix ‘hear’Glover 72 GuVo: 1.58

Gurung (Ghachok)tʰeː◦baqmorpheme ‘listen’Glover 72 GuVo: 10.B.1.17

Gurung¹tʰeː- ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 479

Tamang (Risiangku)¹tʰai v‘hear’Mazaudon 91 TamQ: 3.6.7, 3.6

Tamang (Risiangku)¹tʰai ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 479

Tamang (Sahu)'saimorpheme tap-pasuffix v.‘approve, confirm’Taylor 72 TmVo: 21.A.18

Tamang (Sahu)¹tʰeː ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 479

Tamang (Taglung)tʰeː-basuffix ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 480

Thakalithe-wamorpheme ‘hear’Hale 73 CSD: 01.058

Thakali (Marpha)⁵⁵'⁴⁴tʰeʌ-dzimorpheme ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 480

Thakali (Syang)tʰɛ·-basuffix ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 480

Thakali (Syang)⁵⁵'⁴⁴tʰe-basuffix ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 480

Thakali (Tukche)nahmorpheme-tʰe-wɔmorpheme ‘deaf’Hari 71a ThVo: 12.A.12

Thakali (Tukche)tʰe-lɔmorpheme ‘listen’Hari 71a ThVo: 10.B.1.17

Thakali (Tukche)tʰe-wɔmorpheme ‘hear’Hari 71a ThVo: 1.58

Thakali (Tukche)²tʰe ‘hear’Mazaudon 94 These: 480

2.2Newar5

Newartā-yesuffix ‘hear’Hale 73 CSD: 01.058

Newarta-yesuffix ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Newartā-yesuffix ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 103n294

Newarta-yesuffix ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 99n282

Newartā◦emorpheme v.‘hear’Shakya 89: 3.6.7

2.3Kiranti1

*Kirantitho- ‘hear’Opgenort 11 Tilung

2.3.4Western Kiranti2

Hayuthas(-tśemorpheme) ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

Thulungtheos- v.‘hear’Allen 75

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang6

Chepangsaiʔ v.‘hear’Weidert 87 TBTo: 34

Chepangsayʔ-samorpheme ‘hear’Caughley 72 CVoc: 1.58

Chepangsayʔ-samorpheme ‘listen’Caughley 72 CVoc: 10.B.1.17

Chepangsāyʔ.sāmorpheme ‘hear’Hale 73 CSD: 01.058

Khamthəy-nya#1410 PTB *s-nyan ‘HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *ʔen ‘LOOK / BEHOLD / GLANCE’ v.‘hear’Watters 89 KhQ: 1.58

Khamtʰəy-nya#1410 PTB *s-nyan ‘HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *ʔen ‘LOOK / BEHOLD / GLANCE’ v.‘hear’Watters 89 KhQ: 1.58

3.3rGyalrongic1

Ergong (Daofu)nprefix◦thɑu v.‘hear’Dai 89 Daof: 3.6.7

4Nungic12

Anongtha ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Anongtha ‘hear’Benedict 72 STC: 415

Nungtho⁵³ v.‘listen’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1681.21

Anongtho⁵³ ‘listen’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 532.44

Rawangthɑ⁵³ vt.‘listen’LaPolla 03: 1449

Trung [Dulong]a³²prefix na⁴²#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ mə⁴⁴morpheme to⁴⁴ ‘deaf’Matisoff 87 BP

Dulongtɑ⁵³ v.‘listen’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1681.20

Trung [Dulong]tɔ⁵⁵ ‘listen’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 532.46

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)tɔ⁵⁵ ‘listen’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)tɔ⁵⁵ ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)ta⁵⁵ ‘hear’LaPolla 87: 32

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)tɑ⁵⁵ ‘listen’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish3

Nusu (Central)n̥a³³#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ tʰa̱⁵³ ‘hear’Dai 89 NusB: 2310.

Nusu (Central)n̥a³³#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’tha̱⁵³ v.‘hear’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1682.34

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)n̥a³⁵#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ tʰa̱³¹ ‘hear’Dai 89 NusA: 2310.

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Jinuo (Youle)n̥ɔ⁴²#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ tɔ⁴⁴ ‘listen’Gai 86

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish4

Hani (Pijo)ná#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ tì ‘ask, listen’Hansson 89 AHKP: 68

Hani (Caiyuan)na⁵⁵#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ te³¹ ‘listen’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)na⁵⁵#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’te³¹ ‘listen’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 532.30

Hani (Khatu)ná#811 PTB *r/g-na ‘EAR / HEAR / LISTEN’PKC *naa ⪤ *hnaa ‘EAR’PCN *hnaʔ ‘EAR’PCN *a-hŋaj ‘HEAR, LISTEN’PTk *na ‘EAR’PTk *na ‘HEAR’PNN *na ‘EAR’PL *(C)-na² ‘EAR’PKar *-hnaᴮ ‘LISTEN TO’PKar *naᴮ ‘EAR’ tì ‘ask, listen’Hansson 89 AHKP: 68

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1408, *s-ta-s ⪤ *ta-n ‘HEAR’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1408

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC#415, HPTB

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1408,
  title  = {{*s-ta-s ⪤ *ta-n 'HEAR'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1408},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1408}
}