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STEDT #1860

*g/s-ma-t/n

PERISH / BE SPENT / BE LOST / LOSE / DISAPPEAR / EXHAUSTED / FORGET
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleg/s-prefixg/sinitialmrhymea-tsuffixtcoverM · VT

Intermediate reconstructions

Northern Naga/Konyakian*ma ‘LOSE’WTF-PNN: 516
Karenic*maᴮ ‘DISAPPEAR, LOST’TL#86

Connections

HPTB*ma-t ‘exhausted / spent’p. 334

Notes

This etymon resembles #5575 PTB *s-myak VANISH / GET LOST, but must be kept distinct, as witness the two Jingpho forms myéʔ from #5575 PTB *s-myak VANISH / GET LOST, and mat from the present root.

Some languages (e.g., Lotha, Rongmei, Tangkhul, Tsangla) have developed a dental nasal suffix instead of a dental stop.

Reflexes & cognates121 reflexes · 24 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)5

*Tibeto-Burmanma-t ‘exhausted / spent’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 601
*Tibeto-Burmanma-t ‘lose / disappear’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 601
*Tibeto-Burmanma-t ‘lose / disappear’Benedict 72 STC: 425

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)17

*Aotʃhajmorpheme-maʔ ‘DISAPPEAR / LOSE’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.163
Ao (Chungli)a³morphememaʔ³ v.‘forget’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Ao (Chungli)aprefix◦ma ‘forget’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)áprefix◦máʔ v.‘forget’Temsunungsang 09 Ao: 11
Ao (Chungli)ma◦doksuffix ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)sa³morphememaʔ¹ v.‘lose’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.163
Ao (Chungli)sámorpheme◦màʔ v.‘lose’Temsunungsang 09 Ao: 5
Ao (Chungli)³aprefix³maʔ v.‘forget’Weidert 87 TBTo: 52
Ao (Chungli)³samorpheme¹maʔ v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)ma◦chokyimorpheme ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃhàmorpheme◦màʔ v.‘disappear, lose [disappeared, lost]’Coupe 07 Ao
Lotha Nagamon- v.‘lose, misplace’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagaeprefix◦mon ‘perdition’Murry 78: 87
Lotha Nagamhe◦chomorpheme ‘forget’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha Nagamon◦amorpheme-simorpheme ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha Nagamon◦chomorpheme ‘lose / loss’Murry 78: 69
Lotha Naga²mhe-³tšho(ʔ)morpheme v.‘forget’Weidert 87 TBTo: 52

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1

Maomo◦howomorpheme ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.3Zeme Group1

Rongmei / Nruanghmeimprefix◦man ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic1

Tangkhulshimorpheme◦man ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.1.1Bodo7

Bodogəmə́ v‘forget / lose’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodokama vt‘lose; hide’Bhat 68 Boro
Dimasagama ⪤ kama ‘lose, disappear, perish’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Dimasagama~ kama ‘lose, disappear, perish’LaPolla 87: 79
Dimasakama ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Dimasakhama ‘injure, spoil, destroy’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Kokborokšəmorpheme=kma v.‘lose’Tripuri 88

1.7.1.2Garo3

Garogima-anisuffix ‘loss, damage’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Garogima-at ⪤ gimat ‘destroy, waste, obliterate’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Garomat vs.‘spent’Benedict 72 STC: 425

1.7.1.3Koch1

1.7.1.4Deori4

Deori/Deurikimá ‘lost, be’Brown 95: 73
Deori/Deurikima-rimorpheme ‘lose, disappear’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deurikima-rommorpheme be v.‘lost [(pf.) of kima-ri]’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deurikima◦remorpheme ‘lose’Brown 95: 73

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte2

Noctemaʔ-¹phemorpheme v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Tangsa¹mʌi(ʔ) v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang8

Changma ‘forget’Marrison 67 Naga
Changmao ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Changmàu v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Phomma◦tükmorpheme ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Wanchoma◦limorpheme ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.3.1Jingpho10

Jingphoma vs.‘exhausted, finished, spent’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Jingphomat ‘lost, disappeared’LaPolla 87: 79
Jingphomat vs.‘lost, to have disappeared’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Jingphomat³¹ v.‘lose / mislay’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1281.19
Jingphomat³¹ mat³¹ v.‘disappear / vanish’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1731.19
Jingphoshamorpheme◦mat ‘lose’Marrison 67 Naga
Jingpho¹šəmorpheme¹mat v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Jingphoʃă³¹morpheme mat³¹ v.‘lose (sthg.)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1624.19
Jingphoʃă³¹morphememat³¹ ‘lose / misplace’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 677.47
Jingphoʃă¹morphememat³¹ ‘lose / misplace’Liu 84

2.1.2Bodic3

Tsangla (Motuo)man⁵⁵kem¹³morpheme ‘lose / misplace’Zhang Jichuan 86
Tsangla (Tilang)man-thamorpheme ‘lose / misplace’Zhang Jichuan 86
Motuo Menbaman gemmorpheme v.‘lose / mislay’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1281.07

2.1.4Tamangish5

Tamang (Bagmati)maʱ-(u)morpheme v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Tamang (Sahu)mah-pamorpheme v.‘lose s.th.’Taylor 72 TmVo: 21.A.85.a

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti12

Athpare (Rai)mama ‘lose / be lost, get lost’Ebert 97 Athpare
Limbumaː-smorpheme-(u)morpheme v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Limbumaː-smorpheme-(u)morpheme v.‘lose sthg’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Limbumaːma v.‘lose / be lost’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Limbumaːma v.‘lose sthg’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Limbumaːma vs.‘lost’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Limbumaːr- (maːt) v.‘die’Michailovsky 89 Lm
Limbumaːs- (ma) v.‘lose (sth.)’Michailovsky 89 Lm
Limbumɔ- ‘get lost <lose>’Michailovsky 89 Lm
Limbumɔ-ymorpheme-(a)morpheme vs.‘lost’Weidert 87 TBTo: 139
Limbumɔy-(a)morpheme vs.‘lost’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808
Yakhama simorpheme v.‘lose’Weidert 87 TBTo: 808

2.3.2Southern Kiranti2

Bantawama v‘lose’Rai 85 BnDs
Kulungmas-umorpheme v.‘lose (sth.)’Rai 75 Kul

2.3.3Central Kiranti1

Khaling√mət- v.‘die’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 43

2.3.4Western Kiranti2

Thulungman/t- v.‘kill (an enemy)’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 43
Thulungman/t- v.‘kill (an enemy)’Allen 75

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang2

Magarhma ⪤ hmat vs.‘lost; lose’Benedict 72 STC: 425
Magarhma~hmat ‘lost, lose’LaPolla 87: 79

3.2Qiangic18

Ersuthɛ³³morphememɛ⁵⁵ ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.18
Guiqiongʂo³³morphememu⁵⁵tɑ³³morpheme ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.17
Guiqiongʃɔ̃³¹morphememĩ⁵⁵ta³⁵morpheme v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.16
Lyuzuthe³³morphememe⁵³ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.18
Muyathɐ⁵⁵morphememə⁵³ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.15
Pumi (Jiulong)a¹¹morphememã¹¹ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.10
Pumi (Lanping)thə¹³morphememə̃⁵⁵ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.09
Pumi (Qinghua)thə¹³morphemem̥ə¹³ ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.11
Pumi (Taoba)nə³⁵morphememɛ̃⁵³ ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.10
Qiang (Longxi)dàmorpheme mù ‘forget’Evans 99 Qiang: 2444
Qiang (Mawo)dɑːmorpheme◦ʴm v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.08
Qiang (Mianchi)dɛ̀morpheme mǔ ‘forget’Evans 99 Qiang: 2444
Xumilɛ³³morphemema⁵⁵ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.17
Xumimɛ̃³³ ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.20
Zhaba (Daofu County)tə⁵⁵morpheme mə⁵⁵ v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.14

3.3rGyalrongic2

Daofudəmorpheme rmə v.‘forget’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1704.12

3.3.1rGyalrong3

rGyalrongkɐmorpheme jməs ‘forget’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 726.12
rGyalrongkAmorpheme samorpheme yi mus ‘forget’Nagano 97 GyQ: 147

7Karenic19

*Karen [Burling]ma¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
*Karenmaᴮ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Bwehɛ⁵⁵morphememɛ¹¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Kayahme¹¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Kayanma¹¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Kayan (Pekon)pè̤morpheme◦mā Vtr‘ignore [lit. ?-lost]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)sàmorpheme◦mā V‘lost, hidden / disappear’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)sùmorpheme◦mā V‘disappear / lost’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)tʰúmorpheme◦mā V‘disappear, become lost [lit. become-lost]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayawma¹¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Pa-O (Northern)ma⁵³ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Pa-O (Southern)ma⁵⁵ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Pa-Othōmorpheme mâ ‘lost, disappear’Solnit 89 PaO
Pwo (Northern)mɛ¹¹¨ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Pwo (Southern)ma³³ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Sgaw (Southern)ma³¹ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86
Sgaw (Northern)ma¹¹¨ ‘disappear, lost’Luangthongkum 13: 86

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1860, *g/s-ma-t/n ‘PERISH / BE SPENT / BE LOST / LOSE / DISAPPEAR / EXHAUSTED / FORGET’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1860
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#425, HPTB pp.334, 461
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1860,
  title  = {{*g/s-ma-t/n 'PERISH / BE SPENT / BE LOST / LOSE / DISAPPEAR / EXHAUSTED / FORGET'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1860},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1860}
}