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STEDT #2274

*ʔik

OLDER BROTHER
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

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Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*ʔwyik ‘ELDER SIBLING’

Connections

HPTB*ʔik ‘elder brother’p. 344

Reflexes & cognates38 reflexes · 10 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanʔik ‘elder brother’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 583

1.5Mikir [Karbi]2

Mikir [Karbi]ik ‘brother (elder)’Marrison 67 Naga
Mikir [Karbi]ik ‘older brother’Benedict 72 STC: 112

4Nungic2

Trung [Dulong]ik-ramorpheme ‘younger brother’Benedict 72 STC: 67n211

6.1Lolo-Burmese3

As proposed in Matisoff 1972:72 (“The Loloish tonal split revisited”), the unique initial cluster in PLB *ʔwyik is to be explained by a disyllabic prototype *ʔu-(y)ik, where the first syllable is from #385 PTB *d-bu-s HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE, an honorific morpheme frequently occurring in Tibeto-Burman words for elder kinsmen.

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-wyikᴸ ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 619
*Lolo-Burmeseʔu²#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-(y)ikᴸ ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 583
*Lolo-Burmeseʔwyik ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2

Luquani 55c ‘ancestor’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172
Nasuvi 55 ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172

6.1.2.2Central Loloish19

Ahivi 44s ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172
Lahu (Lancang)ɔ³¹prefixvi³⁵mɑ³³morpheme n‘sister-in-law <elder brother's’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0237.43
Lahu (Lancang)ɔ³¹prefixvi³⁵pɑ¹¹morpheme n‘elder brother (address)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0226.43
Lahu (Black)ví ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172
Lahu (Black)ɔ³³prefixvi³⁵pᴀ¹¹morpheme ‘brother (elder)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 333.33
Lisua1prefix-yi6 ‘elder sibling’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 172
Lisu (Northern)a²¹prefixvu⁵⁵ N‘elder brother; first son (used in verse)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)a³³prefixvy⁴⁴ N‘mother's brother; father's sister's husband; father-in-law of husband’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Central)a¹prefix-yi⁶ ‘brother (elder)’Fraser 22
Lisu (Northern)a⁵⁵prefixjiʔ²¹ N‘elder brother; elder male cousin; elder brother-in-law’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)a⁵⁵prefixjiʔ²¹ ni³³morphemeza²¹morpheme ‘brother’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)a⁵⁵prefixjiʔ²¹ vu²¹morphemesu³³morpheme ‘eldest brother; elder brother’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Central)a⁵⁵prefixjiʔ²¹ ɲi³³morphemeza²¹morpheme ‘brother’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)jiʔ²¹ N‘elder brother; elder sibling’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)jæ⁵⁵morpheme jiʔ²¹ ‘his elder brother (short for ji⁵⁵a⁵⁵jiʔ²¹)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)na²¹morpheme vu⁵⁵ ‘your elder brother’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)na³³morpheme vu³³ ‘your mother's brother’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ŋwa³³morpheme jiʔ²¹ ‘my elder brother’Bradley 94 Lisu

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish3

Akha (Yunnan)àprefix jỳq ‘elder sibling’Hansson 89 AHKP: 569
Akhaa-yui L-LS ‘elder sibling’prefixMatisoff 72 LTSR: 172
Akha (Thai)àprefix◦jỳq ‘elder sibling’Hansson 89 AHKP: 569

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish4

Southern Mujia²¹morphemevɯ¹³ ‘mother's older brother’Pelkey 11 Phula: 414
Southern Mujia²¹morphemevɯ¹³ ‘mother's younger brother’Pelkey 11 Phula: 415
Hlepho Phowaa⁵⁵morphemevɯ³³ ‘mother's older brother’Pelkey 11 Phula: 414
Hlepho Phowaa⁵⁵morphemevɯ³³ ‘mother's younger brother’Pelkey 11 Phula: 415

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2274, *ʔik ‘OLDER BROTHER’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2274
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#112, HPTB p.344
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2274,
  title  = {{*ʔik 'OLDER BROTHER'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2274},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2274}
}