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STEDT #1223

*du

HEAD

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handleduinitialdrhymeucoverT · V

Connections

Allofams

1 #385 *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’
1a #1223 *du ‘HEAD’

Notes

This root seems quite distinct from #359 PTB *tuk ⪤ *twak HEAD / SKULL / NECK. It occurs frequently as the second element in Loloish compounds. Note that the Jingpho form previously transcribed as du is inaccurate: the correct form is dùʔ, so that it is correctly assigned to #359 PTB *tuk ⪤ *twak HEAD / SKULL / NECK.

Chinese comparandum

頭 OC *d’u, GSR #118e ‘head’; B & S 2011: *m-tˁo; Mand. tóu.

Reflexes & cognates55 reflexes · 8 subgroups

Yakhatu◦khrukmorpheme ‘head’Weidert 87 TBTo: 903

Yakhatu◦khərukmorpheme ‘head’Kohn 90: 2.1

Yakhaʈu◦khrukmorpheme ‘head’Weidert 87 TBTo: 903

6.1.2Loloish4

*Loloishʔ-du² ‘head’Bradley 79 PLo: 88B

Lolophodæ³³#641 PTB *ti-k ‘PENIS’PKar *teᴮ ‘PENIS’PKar *théʔ ‘PENIS’PKar *théq ‘PENIS’ v̩⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dɯ³³ ‘glans penis’Dai 89 Lolo: 10.3.2

Lolophopɒ³¹#3459 PTB *pa ‘BREAST / NIPPLE / MILK’ pɒ³¹#3459 PTB *pa ‘BREAST / NIPPLE / MILK’ v̩⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dɯ³³ ‘nipple’Dai 89 Lolo: 5.4.1

Lolophov̩⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dɯ³³ ‘head’Dai 89 Lolo: 2.1

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish6

Laloy²¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dy⁵⁵ ‘head’Chen 86 Yi: 2.1

Laloɑ⁵⁵prefix tʂʅ̄³³#5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’MesorootsPKC *θeep ‘SUCK / SMOKE (v.)’PCN *m-tshəp ‘SUCK / KISS’PNN *CⓋ-cuːp ‘SUCK’PNN *CⓋ-cʰup ‘KISS’PLB *ʔcupᴴ ⪤ *ʔjupᴸ ⪤ *C-cupᴸ ‘SUCK / MILK’Allofams1a #5536 PTB *dz(y)wap ⪤ *ts(y)wap ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1b #5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1c #5537 PTB *dzyut ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1d #5540 PTB *tsyuk ⪤ *dzyuk ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1e #5539 PTB *dzy(ə/o)w ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’ bɪ̱³³#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ y²¹ dy⁵⁵ ‘nipple’Literally “breast-head”.Chen 86 Yi: 5.4.1

Yi (Nanjian)u²¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dy⁵⁵ ‘head’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Weishan)(ʔy²¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’dy⁵⁵) tʂho̱³³morpheme v.‘shave (the head)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1668.36

Yi (Weishan)ʔy²¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’dy⁵⁵ n‘head’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0074.36

6.1.2.2Central Loloish16

Ahia³³prefixnɯ³³#253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’MesorootsPKC *hnooy ‘BREAST’PTk *nu ‘BREAST’PKar *nu' ‘BREAST’PKar *nuᴮ ‘BREASTS’Allofams2 #3585 PTB *s-nəw(-) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2a #253 PTB *s-nəw ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2b #3586 PTB *s-nəw(t/n) ‘BREAST / MILK / SUCK’2c #259 PTB *s-nəw(k/ŋ) ‘BREAST / MILK’o⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’dɯ³³ ‘nipple’Chen 86 Yi: 5.4.1

*Common Lahuto: ‘head’Bradley 79 PLo: 88B

Lahu (Yellow)toʔ²¹ quʔ²¹#387 PTB *s-kawŋ ‘HOLLOW / HOLLOW OBJECT / HEAD’ ‘head’Chang 86

Lisu (Northern)a⁵⁵prefixtʃɿ³⁵#5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’MesorootsPKC *θeep ‘SUCK / SMOKE (v.)’PCN *m-tshəp ‘SUCK / KISS’PNN *CⓋ-cuːp ‘SUCK’PNN *CⓋ-cʰup ‘KISS’PLB *ʔcupᴴ ⪤ *ʔjupᴸ ⪤ *C-cupᴸ ‘SUCK / MILK’Allofams1a #5536 PTB *dz(y)wap ⪤ *ts(y)wap ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1b #5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1c #5537 PTB *dzyut ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1d #5540 PTB *tsyuk ⪤ *dzyuk ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1e #5539 PTB *dzy(ə/o)w ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’ ɔ⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’dy³³ ‘nipple’Literally “breast-head”.Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)hɔ̃²¹#1284 PTB *m-ley ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’MesorootsPL *(n)-li² ‘PENIS’Allofams114 #1285 PTB *m-(l/n)ey ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’114a #1284 PTB *m-ley ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’114b #545 PTB *m-ney ‘PENIS’ɔ⁵⁵prefixdy³³ ‘glans penis’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Putao)o¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dü⁴ ‘head, front’Luce 85: T.28

Lisu (Nujiang)o⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ du³³ ‘head’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisuo⁵⁵#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ du³³ ‘head’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 232.27

Lisuwu'#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-dū³ ‘head’Matisoff 87 BP

Lisu (Central)wu¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-dū³ ‘head’Fraser 22

Lisuwu¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’du³ ‘head’Bradley 79 PLo: 88A

Lisu (Theng-yüeh)wu¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’dū³ ‘head; top’Luce 85: G.93

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish23

Akha (Yunnan)ù#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dù ‘head’Hansson 89 AHKP: 143

Akhaù#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dù (sì)#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘head’Matisoff 87 BP

Akha (Thai)ù#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-dù ‘head’The many binomes #385 PTB *d-bu-s HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE + #1223 PTB *du HEAD demonstrate the distinctiveness of the two etyma.Hansson 89 AHKP: 164

Akha (Thai)ùq#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-dù ‘head’Hansson 89 AHKP: 143

Akhau˯#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ du˯ k'm˯#2004 PTB *kwam ‘SKULL’ (k'm˯)#2004 PTB *kwam ‘SKULL’ ‘skull’Matisoff 87 BP

Bisuaŋ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦tù ‘head’Beaudouin 88 Bisu: 14

Bisutù◦kɔŋ#387 PTB *s-kawŋ ‘HOLLOW / HOLLOW OBJECT / HEAD’◦hnɨ́ŋmorpheme ‘fontanelle’Beaudouin 88 Bisu: 14

Bisuʔaŋ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ tù ‘head’Bradley 79 PLo

Bisuʔaŋ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦tù ‘head’Bradley 9x Bisu

Hani (Lüchun)ù#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ dù ‘head’Hansson 89 AHKP: 164

Hani (Dazhai)u³¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ du³¹ ‘head’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Lüchun)u³¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’du³¹ n‘head’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0074.41

Hani (Gelanghe)u³¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ du³¹ ‘head’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)v̩³¹#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’ tv̩³¹ ‘head’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Wordlist)wuq#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’◦dduq ‘head’Hansson 89 AHKP: 164

Côông [Phunoi]ã#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦tu³¹ pᵊpənmorpheme yamorpheme ‘fontanel (soft spot in a baby's skull).’Ferlus 91: 2.3

Côông [Phunoi]lõmorpheme tu ‘nipple’Ferlus 91: 5.4.1

Côông [Phunoi]ʔã́#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ tu ‘head’Bradley 79 PLo

Côông [Phunoi]ʔãˊ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ tu ‘head’Matisoff 87 BP

Côông [Phunoi]ʔãˊ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦tu◦yàu̯#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘skull’Matisoff 87 BP

Côông [Phunoi]ʔɑ̃⁵⁵#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ tu³³ ‘head’Bradley xx Phu

Côông [Phunoi]ʔɑ̃⁵⁵#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ tu³³ jɑu¹¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘skull’Bradley xx Phu

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1223, *du ‘HEAD’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1223

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1223,
  title  = {{*du 'HEAD'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1223},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1223}
}

*du