Reconstruction analysis
handleneyprefixminitialnrhymeeycoverM · W
Connections
Allofams
- 114 #1285 *m-(l/n)ey ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’
- 114a #1284 *m-ley ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’
- 114b #545 *m-ney ‘PENIS’
Notes
This etymon is obviously an allofam of #1284 PTB *m-ley ⪤ *m-li PENIS. The reflexes in this set arose through assimilation of the lateral root-initial to the nasal prefix. In some cases (e.g. Jingpho, Meithei) the prefix still co-occurs with the secondary nasal root-initial. In other languages (e.g. Lahu) the prefix has disappeared as such, after supplanting the original root-initial (“prefix preemption”).1 This allofam occurs in Jingpho, and is widely attested in Lolo-Burmese; there are also a few scattered reflexes in languages of the NE Indian Areal Group (Chang, Meithei, Mru).
1 For the first use of the term “prefix preemption” see Matisoff 1972, “Tangkhul Naga and comparative TB”.
Reflexes & cognates64 reflexes · 7 subgroups
1.4Meithei1
1.6Mru3
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1
1.7.3.1Jingpho26
Jingphone-di#300 PTB *d(w)əy ‘EGG / TESTICLE’MesorootsPKC *ɗu(u)y ⪤ *tu(u)y ‘EGG’PTk *dɨ ‘EGG’PKar *Ɂdejᴮ ‘EGG’Allofams2a #300 PTB *d(w)əy ‘EGG / TESTICLE’2b #1181 PTB *d(i/u)l ‘EGG / TESTICLE’ ‘testicle’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphone³¹khji⁵⁵#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’ n.‘smegma’Dai 83 Jing
Jingphone³¹mun³³#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n.‘male pubic hair’Dai 83 Jing
Jingphone³¹phjiʔ³¹#590 PTB *p(y)ik ‘SKIN / PEEL’PKar *pheɁᴰ ‘BARK (n.), LEATHER, SKIN’ n.‘foreskin / prepuce’Dai 83 Jing
Jingphone³¹ti³¹#300 PTB *d(w)əy ‘EGG / TESTICLE’MesorootsPKC *ɗu(u)y ⪤ *tu(u)y ‘EGG’PTk *dɨ ‘EGG’PKar *Ɂdejᴮ ‘EGG’Allofams2a #300 PTB *d(w)əy ‘EGG / TESTICLE’2b #1181 PTB *d(i/u)l ‘EGG / TESTICLE’ n.‘scrotum’Dai 83 Jing
Jingphone³¹ʒaŋ³³#1283 PTB *m-yaŋ ‘PENIS / TESTICLE / STINGER (of bee)’PKC *yaŋ ‘PENIS / STINGER (of bee)’PTk *ʃaŋ ‘PENIS’ n.‘sexually potent male’Dai 83 Jing
Jingphonèʔ-ūm#591 PTB *pʷ(i/u)(l/n) ‘SKIN’PTani *pɯn ‘SKIN’PKC *wun ‘SKIN (n.) / LEATHER’PTk *hol ‘SKIN / BARK’PNN *s-wun ⪤ *wur ‘SKIN / FLESH’ ‘foreskin / prepuce’Final nasal in Jingpho -ūm perhaps result of assimilation to preceding round vowel.Matisoff 74 TJLB: 126
6.1.1Burmish9
Bolaŋji̱³⁵ tʃɿ³⁵#3559 PTB *dzəy ‘SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT’PKC *tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PKC *khlaay-tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PCN *ma-tʃəjʔ ‘SEED’PTk *tʰa ‘SEED’ ‘testicles’Dai 89 Bola: 142
Lashiŋji̱⁵⁵ tʃei⁵⁵#3559 PTB *dzəy ‘SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT’PKC *tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PKC *khlaay-tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PCN *ma-tʃəjʔ ‘SEED’PTk *tʰa ‘SEED’ ‘testicle’Dai 89 Lash: 10.3.5
6.1.2.2Central Loloish19
Lahu (Black)nī thû#3476 PTB *duk ⪤ *tu ‘LOVE / DESIRE / WANT’PKC *ɗuʔ ‘WANT / CRAVE / LACK’ ‘have an erection’Matisoff 88 DL: 681
Lahu (Black)nī thû#3476 PTB *duk ⪤ *tu ‘LOVE / DESIRE / WANT’PKC *ɗuʔ ‘WANT / CRAVE / LACK’ ‘have an erection; be aroused’Matisoff 88 DL: 769
Lahu (Black)nī-chu#42 PTB *tsow-s ‘FAT (v.a.) / OMENTUM’PCN *thu ‘OIL / GREASE / FAT’ ‘semen’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 83
Lahu (Black)nī-ó#385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’MesorootsPKC *ʔuu ‘ELDER SIBLING’Allofams1 #385 PTB *d-bu-s ‘HEAD / CENTER / SENIOR MALE RELATIVE / UNCLE’1a #1223 PTB *du ‘HEAD’-qō#387 PTB *s-kawŋ ‘HOLLOW / HOLLOW OBJECT / HEAD’ ‘glans penis’Literally “penis-head”.Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-qhɛ̂#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’ ‘smegma / semen’Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-qhɛ̂#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’ ‘semen’Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-qhɛ̀ʔmorpheme ‘penis’Lahu qhɛ̀ʔ ‘to be notched’; probably so called because of the notched appearance of the corona glandis.Matisoff 85 GSTC: 049
Lahu (Black)nī-šī#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘testicle’Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-sī#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’-phɨ#1611 PTB *kʷəy ‘NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA’ ‘scrotum’Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-sī#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’-phɨ#1611 PTB *kʷəy ‘NEST / WOMB / PLACENTA’ ‘scrotum’Lahu phɨ occurs in many other Lahu compounds, including á-thɔ-phɨ ‘scabbard; sheath’ (“knife-nest”), ú-gɛ̂-phɨ ‘pillow-case’, khá-cè-phɨ ‘quiver for arrows’, yɨ̀ʔ-phɨ ‘bed’ (“sleep-nest”), lìʔ-phɨ ‘envelope’, etc.Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-sī#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’-u#301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘testicle’Matisoff 87 BP
Lahu (Black)nī-u#301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’-tɛ́morpheme ‘testicle’Matisoff 87 BP
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish6
Mpine² ‘penis’According to Bradley (1979:304-5), this form coexists with Mpi tɕhɑ²lɑʔ⁴; see #1284 PTB *m-ley ⪤ *m-li PENIS.Bradley 79 PLo
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #545,
*m-ney ‘PENIS’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/545Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-545,
title = {{*m-ney 'PENIS'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #545},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/545}
}