Reconstruction analysis
handletsowinitialtsrhymeowcoverTS · W
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
HPTB*tsow-s ‘fat / omentum’pp. 222, 224, 412, 471
Reflexes & cognates291 reflexes · 25 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4
1.1.2Deng2
1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)14
*Aothu-tsə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘OIL’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.048
Ao (Chungli)tu³tsə³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ n.‘oil’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.048
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)tu◦tsü#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘oil’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)thu-tsə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ n.‘oil (? + 'water')’Coupe 07 Ao
Lotha Nagathu¹-tʃəʔ³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ n.‘kerosene’[Source note] fat-waterBruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagathyu◦jü#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘oil’Murry 78: 81
Lotha Nagathyu◦tchü#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘oil’Murry 78: 81
1.5Mikir [Karbi]6
2.1.1Western Himalayish6
2.1.2.1Tibetan3
2.1.3Lepcha1
2.1.4Tamangish13
Chantyalənnaraloanword-yemorpheme bo#50 PTB *bu(r) ‘FAT / FATTY (MEAT)’◦cho ‘fat around intestines / omentum’Noonan 92: 8.3.1
2.3.1Eastern Kiranti3
2.3.2Southern Kiranti3
Kulungcho◦do#1444 PTB *dwam ‘FAT / THICK’TGTM *ᴮdum ‘THICK’◦wamorpheme ‘grease, fat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 63
2.3.3Central Kiranti1
Khaling'cho◦do#1444 PTB *dwam ‘FAT / THICK’TGTM *ᴮdum ‘THICK’◦wemorpheme ‘fat / oil / grease’Matisoff 87 BP
2.3.4Western Kiranti4
2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang10
3.2Qiangic27
3.3rGyalrongic3
Ergong (Northern)rɟjə³³#2116 PTB *r-gyu-ŋ ‘GUTS’ r̥prefix◦tsʰi⁵³ ‘fat around intestines / omentum’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 8.3.1
3.3.1rGyalrong10
rGyalrong (Eastern)laŋ#3460 PTB *laŋ ‘STOMACH / INTERNAL ORGAN’◦tʃɐmorpheme wamorpheme◦tʂɐm ‘fat around intestines / omentum’The final -m in rGyalrongic tʂɐm is unexplained.Sun H 91 rEQ: 8.3.1
rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦pu#50 PTB *bu(r) ‘FAT / FATTY (MEAT)’◦tʃəm ‘fat around intestines / omentum’Sun H 91 rNQ: 8.3.1
Caodengʃe#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ kəmorpheme-tsʰo ‘fat meat’Sun J 97 Cao
4Nungic7
Nungŋˌ³¹morphemeɕɑ⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’su⁵⁵ ‘fat (pig)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1025.21
Anongɕɑ⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’su⁵⁵ ‘fat (meat)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 850.44
Trung [Dulong]su⁵³ɕɑ⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ ‘fat (meat)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 850.46
Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)su⁵³ śa⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ ‘fat meat’[Source note] (śa⁵⁵ ‘meat’).LaPolla 87: 116
Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)su⁵³ ɕɑ⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ ‘fat (meat)’Sun H 82 Dul
5Tujia3
Tujiasi²¹#48 PTB *tsil ‘FAT (n.) / GREASE / OIL’ tsʰe³⁵ ‘oil / grease (for cooking)’Chen 86 TuMQ: 8.3.2
6.1.1Burmish48
Bolaʃă³⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰu⁵⁵ ‘fatty meat’Dai 89 Bola: 558
Lashiu̱³³#2102 PTB *wu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’MesorootsPLB *wu ⪤ *ru ‘INTESTINE / KIDNEY’Allofams1 #6723 PTB *d-(p/b)u-k ‘BELLY / STOMACH / CAVE’1a #2104 PTB *pʷik ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1b #2106 PTB *wuk ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1c #164 PTB *d-puːk ‘BELLY / VITALS / HOLLOW OBJECT / CAVE’1d #2103 PTB *pʷu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1e #2102 PTB *wu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1g #2111 PTB *pwa(ŋ/n) ‘BELLY / CENTER’ tshu³³ ‘fat intestines / omentum’Dai 89 Lash: 8.3.1
6.1.2Loloish4
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish52
Gazhuov̩³²³#2102 PTB *wu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’MesorootsPLB *wu ⪤ *ru ‘INTESTINE / KIDNEY’Allofams1 #6723 PTB *d-(p/b)u-k ‘BELLY / STOMACH / CAVE’1a #2104 PTB *pʷik ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1b #2106 PTB *wuk ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1c #164 PTB *d-puːk ‘BELLY / VITALS / HOLLOW OBJECT / CAVE’1d #2103 PTB *pʷu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1e #2102 PTB *wu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1g #2111 PTB *pwa(ŋ/n) ‘BELLY / CENTER’ mɤ³³morpheme tshɤ³³ ‘fat intestines / omentum’Dai 89 Gazh: 8.3.1
Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)ɕa⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰu³⁵ ‘fatty meat’Dai 89 NusA: 558.
Nusu (Central)ʂa⁵⁵#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰu³³ ‘fatty meat’Dai 89 NusB: 558.
6.1.2.2Central Loloish41
Lahu (Black)nī#545 PTB *m-ney ‘PENIS’Allofams114 #1285 PTB *m-(l/n)ey ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’114a #1284 PTB *m-ley ⪤ *m-li ‘PENIS’114b #545 PTB *m-ney ‘PENIS’-chu ‘semen’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 83
Lahu (Black)sa¹¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰv̩³³ ‘oil (animal)’Chang 86
Lahu (Black)ɔ̀#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’-chu-bâ#3583 PTB *r/m-ba ‘WAVE (in water) / RIPPLE’-nâmorpheme ‘roll of fat; wave, ripple; wave’Matisoff 87 BP: 168
Lahu (Yellow)saʔ²¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰu³³ ‘oil (animal)’Chang 86
Sani [Nyi]tsʰo³³ tsʰɿ³³#48 PTB *tsil ‘FAT (n.) / GREASE / OIL’ du³³morpheme mɑ³³morpheme ‘fat person’Wu 84: 145.3
Sani [Nyi]xɑ¹¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ tsʰɿ³³ ‘fatty meat’Ma 89 SanQ: 329.3
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish33
7Karenic2
Karen (Sgaw/Yue)xi⁵⁵#234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ θo⁵⁵ ‘marrow’Dai 89 KarA: 166.2
8Bai2
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #42,
*tsow-s ‘FAT (v.a.) / OMENTUM’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/42Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#277, HPTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-42,
title = {{*tsow-s 'FAT (v.a.) / OMENTUM'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #42},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/42}
}