STEDT
STEDT #1470

*s-mar

GOLD / YELLOW / BUTTER / OIL
Proto-Tibeto-Burman · provisional

Reconstruction analysis

handlemarinitialmrhymearcoverM · L

Intermediate reconstructions

Tamangish*ᴮmar ‘GOLD’
Tamangish*ᴬmar ‘BUTTER’

Notes

The *s- prefix is reconstructed here on the basis of the Newar and the Nusu (Central) forms.

Many forms, especially in Qiangic, Tamangic, and Tani, seem to be borrowings from Tibetan.

Cf. also #1441 PTB *mwa-ŋ FAT.

For the semantic connection between YELLOW and BUTTER, cf. Mandarin 黃油 huángyóu ‘butter’ (literally, “yellow oil”).

Reflexes & cognates117 reflexes · 17 subgroups

1.1“North Assam”1

Sulung [Puroik]mə³³ʑua⁵³morpheme ‘oil’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 397.52

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani2

Damu*mar ‘butter’Sun J 93 Tani
Damu*mar-morpheme ‘oil (vegetable)’Sun J 93 Tani

1.1.2Deng1

Darang [Taraon]mɑ³¹gɹɯŋ⁵³morpheme v.‘extract (oil)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1781.22

2.1.1Western Himalayish6

Byangsimartimorpheme n.‘oil, water spring’Sharma 2003: 538
Darmamər-timorpheme ‘oil’Krishan 2003: 496
Kanaurimăr n‘ghi (clarified butter)’Bailey 11
Kanaurimar mẽ̄morpheme n‘lamp (temple, burning ghi)’Bailey 11
Kanaurimar morpheme ‘oil’Bailey 11
Pattani [Manchati]kyəmorphememər ‘butter’Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

2.1.2Bodic9

Tshona (Wenlang)mɑr³⁵ ‘oil’Lu 86 CuoM
Tshona (Mama)mʌr¹³ ‘oil’Sun H 80 MLD
Tshona (Mama)ʑu¹³morphememᴀr¹³ ‘lamp’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 463.6
Cuona Menbaʑu³⁵morphememar³⁵ n‘light / lamp (butter)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0533.06
Zhangzhungma(r)-sangsuffix n.‘yellow’Matisoff 01 Zhang: #23
Zhangzhungmar-tsasuffix n.‘goldfish’Matisoff 01 Zhang: #23

2.1.4Tamangish30

*TGTMᴮmar ‘gold’Mazaudon 78 Tam: 68
*TGTMᴬmar ‘butter’Mazaudon 94 These: 756
Gurung (Ghachok)maːhraqsuffix ‘gold’Glover 72 GuVo: 8.A.51
Tamang (Risiangku)³mar ‘butter (clarified) / ghee’Mazaudon 94 These: 756
Tamang (Sahu)māhr ‘fat / oil / grease’Matisoff 87 BP

3.2Qiangic20

Lyuzumæ³³mi⁵³morpheme n‘light / lamp’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0533.18
Namuyimɛ³³mi³³morpheme ‘lamp’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 463.19
Namuyimæ³¹mi³¹morpheme n‘light / lamp’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0533.46
Pumi (Jiulong)ma³⁵mi⁵⁵morpheme n‘light / lamp’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0533.10
Qiang (Mawo)mɛr piɛmorpheme morpheme n‘oil (animal)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0445.08
Qiang (Mianchi)má ‘oil (from meat)’Evans 99 Qiang: 591
Qiang (Mianchi)miámorpheme-mà ‘resin [pine-oil]’Evans 99 Qiang: 487
Qiang (Mianchi)tʂɨ́loanword màloanword-má ‘sesame oil [b-oil]’Evans 99 Qiang: 593

3.3rGyalrongic4

Daofu rnoŋmorpheme n‘oil (vegetable)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0446.12
Ergong (Northern)mɛr³³ nak⁵³morpheme ‘oil / grease (for cooking)’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 8.3.2

3.3.1rGyalrong7

rGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (B))kǝ22morpheme nǝ33morpheme mar33 ‘oil as food’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0334
rGyalrong (Maerkang Soman)morpheme morpheme mɐr ‘oil as food’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0334
rGyalrongmorpheme morpheme mɛr ‘oil / grease (for cooking)’Dai 89 Jiar: 8.3.2
rGyalrong (Maerkang Bola (A))kə22morpheme nə44morpheme mar44 ‘oil as food’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0334
rGyalrong (Lixian Xuecheng Jiamizhai)taprefix-miar; darmorpheme ‘oil as food’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0334

4Nungic6

Trung [Dulong]mɑʴ⁵⁵miʔ⁵⁵morpheme ‘lamp’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 463.46
Dulongtɯ³¹morphememɑɹ⁵³ n‘oil (animal)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0445.20
Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)tɯ³¹morpheme mɑ̆ɹ⁵⁵ ‘oil’Sun H 82 Dul
Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)tɯ³¹morpheme mɑ̆ɹ⁵⁵ ‘oil’Sun H 82 Dul

5Tujia2

Tujia (Northern)ma3ku3morpheme n.‘residue (after pressing oil)’Brassett 04 Tujia
Tujia (Northern)ma³ku³morpheme ‘residue after pressing oil’Brassett 06 Tujia: 3.4

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2

Nusu (Central)ʔmɑ̱ʴ³⁵ ʔmɑ̱ʴ⁵³ ‘fat (person)’Sun J 86 Nusu
Nusu (Bijiang)ʔmɑ̱ʴ³⁵ʔmɑ̱ʴ⁵³ ‘fat (of people)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 849.45

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1470, *s-mar ‘GOLD / YELLOW / BUTTER / OIL’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1470
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1470,
  title  = {{*s-mar 'GOLD / YELLOW / BUTTER / OIL'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1470},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1470}
}