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STEDT #2784

*ya-n

NIGHT
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

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Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*joː ‘NIGHT’JS-HCST: 121
Kuki-Chin*yaan ‘NIGHT’PKC #1220
Tangkhulic*ja ‘NIGHT’DRM#576
Northern Naga/Konyakian*C̬-yaᴬ ‘NIGHT’WTF-PNN: 526

Connections

HPTB*ya ‘night’p. 165

Notes

The allofam with final -n is reflected in the Kuki-Chin group.

The Chinese comparanda, if valid, point to an allofam with a final velar.

Chinese comparandum

夜 OC *zi̯ɑ̆g, GSR #800j ‘night’; Coblin 86:112-3 ST *riak > OC *riagh; Schuessler 2007:561-2 *jah > *jahk; B & S 2011: *N.rak-s {N.rAk-s}; Mand. yè.

Reflexes & cognates90 reflexes · 24 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4

1NE Indian Areal Group1

*Kuki-Nagaya:n ‘night, be evening’Benedict 72 STC: 102n293

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanijoː ‘night’Sun J 93 HCST: 273

1.1.1.1Western Tani24

Apataniaprefix-jo ‘night’Sun J 93 HCST
Apataniaprefix-jo ‘night’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniàprefix-jo ‘night (7 pm-2 am)’Sun J 93 Tani
Apataniaprefix-jo aprefix-jo ‘nightly’Sun J 93 Tani
Apatanibimorpheme-jo ‘last night’Sun J 93 Tani
Apatanibɯmorpheme-jo ‘last night’Sun J 93 Tani
Apatanikomorpheme-jo ‘second night before last’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniaprefix-juː ‘night’Sun J 93 HCST
Bengniaprefix-juː ‘night’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniaprefix-juː raːmorpheme-jimorpheme ‘night (late~)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokaraprefix joː adv‘night, at / evening, in the’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0752.24
Bokaraprefix joː adv‘night, at’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0753.24
Bokaraprefix-jo ‘night’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokaraprefix-joː ‘night’Sun J 93 HCST
Bokarjo roŋmorpheme lomorpheme poŋmorpheme n/adv‘midnight’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0754.24
Bokarjoː-roŋmorpheme ‘late night’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarjoː-roŋmorpheme lomorpheme-poŋmorpheme ‘midnight’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokar Lhobaaprefix◦joː ‘night’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 105.51
Galo`aprefix◦yo adj.‘night’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`aprefix◦yo n:time.‘night’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`məmorpheme◦yo n:time.‘last night’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoaprefix◦yo ‘night’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Nishingaprefix◦yu ‘night’Das Gupta 69 Daf
Taginaprefix◦yu ‘night’Das Gupta 83 Tag

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani4

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]jo; jo-əmorpheme ‘night’Sun J 93 HCST
Milangaprefix◦yu ‘night’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangnumorpheme-kumorpheme-yu ‘last night’Tayeng 76 Mil

1.2Kuki-Chin1

1.2.1.1Northern Chin9

Thadozàan ‘night’VanBik 09 PKC: 1220
Thadozán ‘night’Thirumalai 72: 68
Tiddimzaːn² ‘yesterday; night’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 2005
Tiddimzaːn³ kim³ ‘midnight ("half of the night")’VanBik 09 PKC: 1220
Tiddimˋzaːn n‘night’Henderson 65 TidC

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin1

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)8

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)aprefix◦ya◦nangmorpheme ‘night’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-ja ‘night’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-ja tsə̀kmorpheme thamorpheme n.‘firefly ('night' + 'ignite' + ?)’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)aprefix-ja tàŋìmorpheme ‘early evening (4pm-9pm) (NRL-night side)’Coupe 07 Ao: 123
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)aprefix-ja tə̀prefix-ɹəmmorpheme ‘late night (9pm-1am) (NRL-night RL-middle)’Coupe 07 Ao: 123
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)jà-tʃhə̀mmorpheme taŋimorpheme ‘early afternoon (1pm-4pm) (night-afternoon side)’Coupe 07 Ao: 123

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1

Ntenyiaprefix◦ja ‘night’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic10

Champhungŋamorpheme-ju-la ‘night’Brown 37 Indo
Huishuʔamorpheme-nəmorpheme-je ‘night’Mortensen 12 Tk
Tangkhul³aprefix¹ŋəmorpheme³ya ‘last night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Tangkhul¹khəmorpheme¹ŋəmorpheme³ya vs.‘night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Tangkhul¹ŋəmorpheme³ya ‘night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Tangkhul (Northern)mamorpheme-ja ‘night’Brown 37 Indo
Tangkhul (Standard)ŋamorpheme-ja ‘night’Brown 37 Indo
Ukhrulŋəmorpheme-ja ‘night’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.5Mikir [Karbi]3

Mikir [Karbi]aprefix◦jó ‘night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Mikir [Karbi]aprefix◦jo ‘night’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1

*Northern NagaC̬-yaᴬ ‘night’French 83: 526

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang3

Konyak (Tamlu)mʌmorpheme ya ‘last night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Konyak (Tamlu)ŋaimorpheme ya ‘tomorrow night’Weidert 87 TBTo: 330
Phomya ‘night’Marrison 67 Naga

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1

6.1.1Burmish1

7Karenic8

*Karenhyɑ ‘evening’Chou 72: 796a-d
Kayan (Pekon)hà N‘late at night’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)hà CLFm‘night’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)mə̄nmorpheme◦há N‘time [lit. day-night]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)mə̄nmorpheme◦hà TEMP‘night, late at night’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)mə̄nmorpheme◦hà mə̄nmorpheme◦ràumorpheme Nelab‘day and night’Manson 10 Kayan
Pa-Omɨ̂morpheme hà ‘evening, 3 PM till dark’Solnit 89 PaO

9.0.1Old Chinese4

Chinese (Old/Mid)dzi̯ɑk/zi̯ɑ̈k ‘evening / night’Chou 72: 796a-d
Chinese (Old/Mid)dzi̯ɑ̆k/zi̯ɑ̈k ‘darkness / night (as in a grave)’Karlgren 57 GSR: 796e
Chinese (Old/Mid)zi̯ɑ̌g/i̯ɑ ‘night’Chou 72: 800j-k
Chinese (Old/Mid)zi̯ɑ̆g/i̯ɑ- ‘night’Karlgren 57 GSR: 800j-k

9.0.2Middle Chinese1

9.0.3Modern Chinese1

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2784, *ya-n ‘NIGHT’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2784
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#417
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2784,
  title  = {{*ya-n 'NIGHT'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2784},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2784}
}