The Body › Diffuse Organs › Skin › Itch/Scratch

STEDT #6131

*m-kryat

SCRATCH / SCRAPE

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Intermediate reconstructions

Northern Chin*kiat ‘SCRAPE’PKC #307 ("PNC")

Central Naga (Ao Group)*a-tʃhət ‘SHAVE / SCRAPE’

Tamangish*ᴮkʰret ‘SCRATCH’

Lolo-Burmese*m-krak ‘SCRATCH’

Lolo-Burmese*Nkret ‘SCRATCH / SCRAPE / RASP’

Connections

HPTB*m-kret ‘scratch / scrape’p. 375

Notes

This etymon was formerly reconstructed as *m-kret (HPTB:375).

Chinese comparandum

契 OC *k’iɑd, GSR #279b ‘notch, engrave’; Coblin 86:129 ST *kret > OC *kriat; Schuessler 2007: *khêts; B & S 2011: *kʰˁet-s {[kʰ]ˁet-s}; Mand. qì.
鍥 OC *k’iɑt, GSR #279f ‘cut, cut through’; Schuessler 2007:129 *khêt; Mand. qiè.
刮 OC *kwɑt, GSR #302n ‘scrape’; Schuessler 2007:264 *krôt; B & S 2011: *kʷˁrat {[kʷˁ]r[a]t}; Mand. guā.

Reflexes & cognates81 reflexes · 24 subgroups

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)4

*Aoaprefix-tʃhət ‘SHAVE, SCRAPE’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.175

Ao (Chungli)a³prefix-sət¹ v.‘shave, plane (with plane tool)’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.175

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃhə̀t v.‘scrub [scrubbed]’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃhə̀t◦ùkmorpheme v.‘scrape [scraped]’Coupe 07 Ao

1.7.1.1Bodo1

Bodokaimorpheme-jrit v.‘scratch’Weidert 87 TBTo: 701

1.7.1.2Garo1

Garo (Bangladesh)mat-chrit-amorpheme vt‘scratch’Burling 03 Garo: 8.955-II:idx

1.7.1.3Koch1

Atongmachirit- v‘scratch, to be scratched’van Breugel 08 Atong

1.7.1.4Deori1

Deori/Deuriji-ri v.‘scratch’Jacquesson 05 Deuri

1.7.3.1Jingpho4

Jingphomachyit v‘scratch’Marrison 67 Naga

Jingphomă³¹khjit³¹ v.‘scratch (an itch)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1530.19

Jingphomă³¹khjit³¹ ‘scratch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 555.47

Jingphoməkhrèt ‘scratch’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 342

1.7.3.2Asakian5

Gananñe¹prefixhe² v.‘scratch’Luce 85: L.288

Kadu (Kantu)ăprefix◦hɛ² v.‘scratch’Luce 85: L.288

Sak (Bawtala)ă⁴prefixhre² v.‘scratch’Luce 85: L.288

Sak (Bawtala)ă⁴prefixhre¹ v.‘scratch’Luce 85: L.288

Sakaprefix◦hré ‘scratch’Huziwara 08 Sak: 134

2.1.4Tamangish5

*TGTMᴮkʰret ‘scratch, gnaw’Mazaudon 94 These: 129

Gurung²kʰri- ‘gnaw’Mazaudon 94 These: 129

Manang (Prakaa)²hreː- ‘scratch’Mazaudon 94 These: 129

Tamang (Risiangku)²kʰret ‘scratch, remove with a knife, gnaw’Mazaudon 94 These: 129

Tamang (Sahu)²kʰret ‘gnaw’Mazaudon 94 These: 129

2.3.2Southern Kiranti1

Chamlingkhrəyd- ‘claw, scratch (tiger, V)’Winter 85

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang2

Chepangciriʔ- vt.‘scratch hard surface (esp. of soil)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghryat- vt.‘jag, catch, snag, pull at or out, scratch (thorn)’Caughley 00 Chepang

3.3.1rGyalrong3

rGyalrong (Maerkang)kɐprefix khrot v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.11

Caodengkɐprefix-kʰrət ‘scrape’Sun J 97 Cao

rGBenzhenkɐprefix-kʰrot ‘scrape’Sun J 97 rGB

4Nungic5

Dulongɑ³¹prefixxɔt⁵⁵ ‘scratch (an itch against sthg.)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1170.20

Dulongɑ³¹prefixxɹɔt⁵⁵ ‘scratch (an itch against sthg.)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1170.20

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)xrɔt⁵⁵ ‘scrape, shave’LaPolla 87: 170

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)xrɔʔ⁵⁵ ‘scrape, shave’LaPolla 87: 170

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)xɹɔ̆ʔ⁵⁵ ‘scrape off’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1Lolo-Burmese4

*Lolo-Burmese(N)kret ‘scrape, shave’[Source note] [TSR 97].LaPolla 87: 170

*Lolo-Burmesekret ‘scratch[2] / scrape / rasp’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 97(a)

*Lolo-BurmeseNkrak ‘scratch’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 96(b)

*Lolo-BurmeseNkret ‘scratch[2] / scrape / rasp’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 97(b)

6.1.1Burmish10

Achang (Longchuan)khʐət³⁵ v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.28

Achang (Xiandao)khʐɔt⁵⁵ v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.29

Bola (Luxi)khjɔt⁵⁵ v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.32

Burmese (Written)khrac ‘scrape’Okell 71

Burmese (Written)khrac ‘mark with the nails, scrape ( cf. khrak )’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)khrac ‘mark with the nails, scrape’LaPolla 87: 170

Burmese (Written)khrak ‘scratch with nails ( cf. khrac )’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)kyac ‘twist tight and hard; scratch out’Benedict 76 WBur

Langsu (Luxi)khjat⁵⁵ v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.31

Maru [Langsu]khyát ‘scrape’Okell 71

6.1.2Loloish1

*Loloishm-krakᴴ ‘scratch’Bradley 79 PLo: 585

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish4

Yi (Dafang)ʑu³³ ‘itch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.22

Yi (Mile)ʐo²¹ ‘itch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.25

Yi (Mojiang)zo³³ ‘itch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.26

Yi (Nanhua)ʑo²¹ ‘itch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.24

6.1.2.2Central Loloish16

Ahiʐo²¹ ve̱³³suffix v.‘itch / be itchy’Luo 90: 8.2.3.10

Lahugɛ̂ʔ ‘rasp, scrape’LaPolla 87: 170

Lahu (Lancang)gɑ⁵⁴ v.‘scratch (an itch)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1530.43

Lahu (Lancang)gɛ⁵⁴tɕhi⁵³morpheme v.‘shave (hairs) / scrape’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1352.43

Lahu (Lancang)kɑ⁵⁴ v.‘comb’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1634.43

Lahu (Lancang)pɤ¹¹#1220 PTB *ʔ-gʷəy-s ‘COMB (FOR HAIR)’PNN *C̥-gyuay ‘COMB’PLB *ʔ-gʷəy² ⪤ *ʔ-gʷi² ‘COMB’PBm *prəy ⪤ *p(r)i ‘COMB (v.) / BRUSH (v.)’PL *ʔ-pi² ‘COMB’PL *ʔ-gʷəy² ‘COMB’PKar *khwiɁᴰ ‘COMB (v.)’kɑ⁵⁴ n‘comb’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0481.43

Lahu (Black)gâʔ ‘scratch / rake’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 96(b)

Lahu (Black)gɛ̂ʔ ‘scratch’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 342

Lahu (Black)gɛ̂ʔ ‘rasp / scrape’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 97(b)

Lahu (Black)gᴀ⁵⁴ ‘scratch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 555.33

Lahu (Black)kᴀ⁵⁴ v‘comb’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 654.33

Lahu (Black)pə³¹#1220 PTB *ʔ-gʷəy-s ‘COMB (FOR HAIR)’PNN *C̥-gyuay ‘COMB’PLB *ʔ-gʷəy² ⪤ *ʔ-gʷi² ‘COMB’PBm *prəy ⪤ *p(r)i ‘COMB (v.) / BRUSH (v.)’PL *ʔ-pi² ‘COMB’PL *ʔ-gʷəy² ‘COMB’PKar *khwiɁᴰ ‘COMB (v.)’kᴀ⁵⁴ n‘comb’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 459.33

Lahu (Black)pɨ̄#1220 PTB *ʔ-gʷəy-s ‘COMB (FOR HAIR)’PNN *C̥-gyuay ‘COMB’PLB *ʔ-gʷəy² ⪤ *ʔ-gʷi² ‘COMB’PBm *prəy ⪤ *p(r)i ‘COMB (v.) / BRUSH (v.)’PL *ʔ-pi² ‘COMB’PL *ʔ-gʷəy² ‘COMB’PKar *khwiɁᴰ ‘COMB (v.)’-kâʔ ‘comb’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 96(a)

Lahu (Yellow)xɛʔ⁵⁴ ‘itchy’Chang 86

Yi (Sani)gɤ⁴⁴ ‘scratch (an itch against sthg.)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1170.39

Sani [Nyi]ʐɑ⁵⁵ ‘itch’Ma 89 SanQ: 345.1

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish5

Akhajeh HS ‘scrape, rake, shave away’LaPolla 87: 170

Akhajeh HS ‘scrape / rake / shave away’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 97(b)

Hani (Pijo)tjha ‘comb’Hansson 89 AHKP: 446

Hani (Pijo)vỳmorpheme khìmorpheme kha ‘comb, harrow’Hansson 89 AHKP: 446

Haonikha ‘comb’Hansson 89 AHKP: 446

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1

Southern Mujika³³ ‘scratch’Pelkey 11 Phula: 914

6.2Naxi8

Laze (Xiangjiao)kwɑ˧ v.‘scratch’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 3273

Na (Yongning)qwæ˩qwæ˧˥ v.‘scratch’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Naxi (Western)ka³¹ka³³ ‘itch(y)’He 85

Naxi (Lijiang)ka³¹ka³³ ‘scratch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 555.28

Naxi (Lijiang)ka³¹ka³¹ ‘itch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.28

Naxi (Yongning)kuɑ³¹kuɑ¹³ ‘scratch’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 555.29

Naxi (Yongning)kuɑ¹³ (kuɑ³¹kuɑ¹³) ‘itch (scrath-)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 900.29

Naxikæ²¹kæ³³ v.‘itch / tickle’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1749.45

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #6131, *m-kryat ‘SCRATCH / SCRAPE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/6131

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-6131,
  title  = {{*m-kryat 'SCRATCH / SCRAPE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #6131},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/6131}
}