STEDT #1624

*la

MALE

Reconstruction analysis

handlelainitiallrhymeacoverL · V

Notes

This etymon is very well attested in the NE Indian Areal Group, Lolo-Burmese, and Jingpho, with possible cognates also in Himalayish. STC (p. 96) recognizes a ‘masculine suffix’ *-la, “used with words for animals (in Tsangla, Digaro, Nung, Kachin, Burmese-Lolo, Konyak, Garo-Bodo, Mikir, and Meithei)”.

Strangely enough, there is a homophonous root #5493 PTB *la(ː) FEMALE / DAUGHTER with the antonymous meaning FEMALE / DAUGHTER. Cf. Benedict 1981, 1991.

Reflexes & cognates62 reflexes · 17 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

*Tibeto-Burman-la ‘masc. gender suffix’Benedict 72 STC: p.96

1.1.1.1Western Tani1

Taginnyimorpheme◦lo ‘male’Das Gupta 83 Tag

1.1.2Deng3

Darang [Taraon]pa:ramorpheme ta:morpheme◦la: ‘pigeon (male)’Anonymous xx Tar

Darang [Taraon]pa:ramorpheme-ta:morpheme◦la: ‘pigeon (male)’Anonymous xx Tar

Darang [Taraon]ta:morpheme◦la: ‘male (suffix)’Anonymous xx Tar

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group6

Chokrithü³¹#3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’Allofams116a #3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’116b #3423 PTB *tsu ‘PENIS’ la³¹ ‘penis’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 10.3.1

Chokri²uprefix²tho#3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’Allofams116a #3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’116b #3423 PTB *tsu ‘PENIS’²la ‘penis’Weidert 87 TBTo: 142

Khezha¹eprefix²lɯ ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Mao¹lo ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Rengma (Southern)²lø ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Sema [Sumi]²amorpheme²li ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

1.3.3Zeme Group1

Rongmei / Nruanghmeikamorpheme-lû ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

1.4Meithei1

Meitheila◦bəmorpheme ‘male’Abbi 85

1.7.1.1Bodo10

Bodoawmorpheme◦la ‘business man; artist’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodobalmorpheme◦la ‘widower’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodobardáwmorpheme◦la ‘male going in search of a lover; term of abuse’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodogamorpheme◦la ‘male with ugly face’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodojɤmorpheme◦la ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Bodoordáwmorpheme◦la ‘sexy (a term of abuse--male)’Bhat 68 Boro

Bodotapmorpheme◦la ‘lazy (male)’Bhat 68 Boro

Kokborokčəmorpheme-la ‘male’Tripuri 88

Kokborokla ‘male suffix’Tripuri 88

Kokborokšəy#1764 PTB *d-kʷəy-n ‘DOG’PTani *kwiː ‘DOG’PKC *ʔuy ‘DOG’PCN *khjəj ‘DOG’PTk *hwɨ ‘DOG’PNN *kuəy (kreːŋ) ‘DOG’PLB *kʷəy² ‘DOG’PKar *thwíʔ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮmiᴬ ‘FOX, WOLF’-la ‘male dog’Tripuri 88

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian2

*Northern Nagalaᴬ ‘male (of animals)’French 83: 520

*Northern Nagalaᴮ ‘male’French 83: 519

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte10

Noctedamorpheme la ‘male’French 83: 531

Noctedemorpheme la ‘husband’French 83: 531

Noctedemorpheme◦la ‘husband’Marrison 67 Naga

Noctevak#1006 PTB *pʷak ‘PIG’PKC *wok ‘PIG’PTk *hwok ‘PIG’PNN *wak ‘PIG’TGTM *ᴮɖwa ‘PIG’PLB *wakᴸ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔʔ / tháuʔ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰmiᴬ ‘BOAR (WILD~)’PBai *te ‘PIG’◦la ‘male pig’French 83: 520

Nocte²la(ʔ) ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Nocte¹dʌmorpheme¹la ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Nocte (Namsang)demorpheme-la ‘husband’Benedict 2008: 243

Tangsa¹la(ʔ) ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Tangsa (Moshang)gui#1764 PTB *d-kʷəy-n ‘DOG’PTani *kwiː ‘DOG’PKC *ʔuy ‘DOG’PCN *khjəj ‘DOG’PTk *hwɨ ‘DOG’PNN *kuəy (kreːŋ) ‘DOG’PLB *kʷəy² ‘DOG’PKar *thwíʔ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮmiᴬ ‘FOX, WOLF’-hẽmorpheme la ‘male dog’Benedict 2008: 243

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang6

Changkei#1764 PTB *d-kʷəy-n ‘DOG’PTani *kwiː ‘DOG’PKC *ʔuy ‘DOG’PCN *khjəj ‘DOG’PTk *hwɨ ‘DOG’PNN *kuəy (kreːŋ) ‘DOG’PLB *kʷəy² ‘DOG’PKar *thwíʔ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮmiᴬ ‘FOX, WOLF’◦lo ‘male dog’French 83: 520

Changok#1006 PTB *pʷak ‘PIG’PKC *wok ‘PIG’PTk *hwok ‘PIG’PNN *wak ‘PIG’TGTM *ᴮɖwa ‘PIG’PLB *wakᴸ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔʔ / tháuʔ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰmiᴬ ‘BOAR (WILD~)’PBai *te ‘PIG’◦lo◦šoumorpheme ‘domestic boar’French 83: 520

Khiamngan²me̥morpheme¹lo̥ᴜ ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Konyak (Tamlu)la ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Tablengkui#1764 PTB *d-kʷəy-n ‘DOG’PTani *kwiː ‘DOG’PKC *ʔuy ‘DOG’PCN *khjəj ‘DOG’PTk *hwɨ ‘DOG’PNN *kuəy (kreːŋ) ‘DOG’PLB *kʷəy² ‘DOG’PKar *thwíʔ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮ ‘DOG’PKar *thwiᴮmiᴬ ‘FOX, WOLF’-la ‘male dog’Benedict 2008: 243

Wanchovak#1006 PTB *pʷak ‘PIG’PKC *wok ‘PIG’PTk *hwok ‘PIG’PNN *wak ‘PIG’TGTM *ᴮɖwa ‘PIG’PLB *wakᴸ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔʔ / tháuʔ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰmiᴬ ‘BOAR (WILD~)’PBai *te ‘PIG’◦la ‘boar’French 83: 520

1.7.3.1Jingpho3

Jingpholà ‘male’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 249

Jingpho²la ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Jingphoʔəmorpheme◦là ‘male’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 249

1.7.3.2Asakian3

Ganan-lɑ¹ ‘male of animals’Luce 85: K.39

Kadu (Kantu)-lɑ¹ ‘male of animals’Luce 85: K.39

Sak (Bawtala)ăprefix◦lɑ³ ‘male of animals’Luce 85: K.39

2.2Newar1

Newar (Dolakhali)tuk#3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’Allofams116a #3420 PTB *k-tu-k ‘PENIS’116b #3423 PTB *tsu ‘PENIS’◦la ‘penis’Genetti 90 Dola

4Nungic1

Nung (Rawang)nangmorpheme-la ‘husband; male’Benedict 2008: 166

6.1.1Burmish12

Achang (Longchuan)n̥o³¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lɔ³¹ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.28

Achang (Xiandao)no³¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lɔ³¹ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.29

Bola (Luxi)nɔ̆³¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’la³¹ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.32

Burmese (Written)là ‘male’This word is not to be found in the dictionaries of Judson 1893/1953/1966 or Bernot 1978-92.Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Burmese (Written)əprefix-lâ ‘not castrated’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)ʔəprefix◦lâ ‘not castrated’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 249

Langsu (Luxi)nŭŋ³⁵#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lɔ³⁵ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.31

Lashilo³³ ‘male’Dai 89 Lash: 10.3

Leqi (Luxi)nə̆³³#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lo³³ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.33

Maru [Langsu]lɔ³⁵ ‘male’Dai 89 Lang: 10.3

Atsi [Zaiwa]àmorpheme◦lò ‘male’Weidert 87 TBTo: 288

Atsi [Zaiwa]nŏ²¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lo²¹ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.30

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish1

Nusu (Central)nuɔ⁵⁵#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’la⁵³ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.34

6.1.2.2Central Loloish3

Jinuonjo⁴⁴#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’lɔ⁴⁴ n‘bull’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0260.44

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)tʃʰɤ⁵⁵#1601 PTB *dzi ‘PENIS’ lɤ³¹ ‘penis’Dai 89 JinA: 144

Lisula⁵htsaw⁴morpheme ‘man’Bradley 79 PLo: 161

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1624, *la ‘MALE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1624

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: STC p.96; possibly related to 1639,1634?

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1624,
  title  = {{*la 'MALE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1624},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1624}
}