STEDT
STEDT #2256

*s-gywa(n/t)

WEAR / PUT ON / CLOTHE

Reconstruction analysis

handlegwa-ninitialgwrhymea-n ~kwasuffixncoverK · VNWT

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*ge ? ‘CLOTHES’JS-HCST: 98
Lolo-Burmese*gwa² ‘WEAR’
Karenic*kwan ‘put on (lower clothes)’

Connections

Allofams
HPTB*gwa-n ⪤ *kwa-n ‘wear / put on / clothe’pp. 168, 172, 177, 259, 333, 334, 452

Notes

All the forms cited here were put into the same etymon for the first time in HPTB:333-334.

The alternation between homorganic nasal and stop in this root is well-attested. Note the complex word family in WT. There is a good Chinese comparandum.

The Qiangic (including Tangut) forms show the expected “brightening” of the vowel to -i.

Chinese comparandum

OC *kwɑ̂n, GSR #160a ‘cap, crown(n.)’; Schuessler 2007:265 *kôn; B & S 2011: *k.ʔˁon; Mand. guān.
OC *kwɑ̂n, GSR #160a ‘put on (cap)’; Schuessler 2007:265 *kôns; B & S 2011: *k.ʔˁon-s; Mand. guàn.

Reflexes & cognates136 reflexes · 25 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)7

*Tibeto-Burmangwakwa ‘dress, clothe, wear’Benedict 72 STC: 160
*Tibeto-Burmangwa-n v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
*Tibeto-Burmangwa-n*kwa-n ‘wear’LaPolla 87: 18
*Tibeto-Burmangwa-nkwa-n ‘wear / put on / clothe’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 592
*Tibeto-Burmangwɑ-n~kwɑ-n ‘wear / dress’Chou 72: 160a
*Tibeto-Burmankwa-n v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanige? ‘clothes’Sun J 93 HCST: 75

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani3

Padam [Abor]əprefix- ‘clothes’Sun J 93 HCST
Damuʔaprefix-ɟia ‘clothes’Sun J 93 Tani
Mishing [Miri]eprefix-ge ‘clothes’Sun J 93 HCST

1.5Mikir [Karbi]1

Mikir [Karbi]kan ‘clothes, finery’Benedict 72 STC: 160

1.7.1.1Bodo5

Bodogan v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Bodoganbrobmorpheme v‘wear in a hurry’Bhat 68 Boro
Dimasagaing v‘wear’Marrison 67 Naga
Kokborokkan ‘wear pants, etc’Tripuri 88
Mechegan v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745

1.7.1.2Garo4

Garogan ‘wear’LaPolla 87: 18
Garogan ‘wear, dress’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Garogan-amorpheme v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Garo (Bangladesh)gan-amorpheme vt‘dress, get dressed; wear’Burling 03 Garo: 6.53-II:idx

1.7.1.3Koch1

1.7.3.1Jingpho3

Jingphokhon ‘wear’LaPolla 87: 18
Jingphokhon ‘wear (as bracelets)’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Jingphokhon⁵⁵ v.‘wear (a bracelet)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1254.19

2.1.2Bodic3

Bumthanggin- v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tshona (Mama)cen¹³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.6
Cuona Menbacen³⁵ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan28

Dzongkhagʱɔ̈nʔ v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tibetan (Balti)gonma·suffix ‘wear’Rangan 75: 19
Tibetan (Batang)(la¹³morpheme ndʑo⁵⁵morpheme) kø̃¹³ v.‘wear (a bracelet)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1254.03
Tibetan (Batang)kø̃¹³ v.‘wear (a hat)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1252.03
Tibetan (Batang)kø̃¹³ (tɕø̃¹³morpheme) ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.03
Tibetan (Central)kö̱nʱ- v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tibetan (Khams:Dege)tɕen¹³; ken¹³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.3
Tibetan (Lhasa)khø̃¹³ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.02
Tibetan (Lhasa)khø̃¹³ v.‘wear (a hat)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1252.02
Tibetan (Lhasa)khø̃¹⁵ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.2
Tibetan (Written)bgo-basuffix ‘put on (clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Tibetan (Written)gon-pasuffix v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tibetan (Written)gon-pasuffix ‘put on (clothes); clothing’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Tibetan (Written)skon-pasuffix v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tibetan (Written)skon-pasuffix v.‘dress, to clothe another person’Benedict 72 STC: 160

2.1.4Tamangish16

*TGTMᴬkwan ‘clothes / clothing’Mazaudon 94 These: 83
*TGTMᴬkwan ‘wear / put on’Mazaudon 94 These: 84
Gurung¹kwẽ ‘clothes’Mazaudon 94 These: 83
Manang (Prakaa)³kwẽ- ‘wear / put on’Hoshi 84: 0356
Manang (Prakaa)¹kwẽ ‘clothes / clothing’Mazaudon 94 These: 83
Manang (Prakaa)¹kwẽ- ‘wear / put on’Mazaudon 94 These: 84
Tamang (Bagmati)kwan v.‘wear (clothes)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 745
Tamang (Risiangku)¹kwan v‘dress / dress oneself’Mazaudon 94 These: 84
Tamang (Taglung)hwan-basuffix ‘wear (clothes or shoes)’Mazaudon 94 These: 85
Thakali (Syang)⁵⁵kʷon ‘clothes’Mazaudon 94 These: 83

3.1Tangut3

Tangut [Xixia]gjwi̱ ‘swaddling clothes’Li 97 Tangut: 5131
Tangut [Xixia]gjwi ‘clothing, clothes, garments’Li 97 Tangut: 5598
Tangut [Xixia]gjwi² ‘wear clothes’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 172

3.2Qiangic26

Meniaga-masuffix ‘clothes’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Lyuzude³³morphemevu⁵³ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.18
Lyuzude³³morphemevu⁵³ ‘put on (shoes)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1212.18
Muyatə⁵⁵prefixŋguə³³ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.15
Muya [Minyak]ŋguɯ⁵³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.15
Namuyiɣə³³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.19
Namuyiɣə³⁵ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.46
Namuyiɣə³⁵ ‘put on (shoes)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1212.46
Pumi (Jiulong)nə¹¹morphemegui⁵⁵ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.10
Pumi (Lanping)tə⁵⁵morphemegui⁵⁵ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.09
Pumi (Lanping)tə⁵⁵morphemegui⁵⁵ ‘put on (shoes)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1212.09
Pumi (Qinghua)tə⁵⁵morphemegui⁵⁵ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.11
Pumi (Taoba)nə³⁵morphemegi³⁵ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.10
Qiang (Longxi)gù ‘wear (clothes)’Evans 99 Qiang: 1740
Qiang (Longxi)guí sɨ̀morpheme ‘clothing’Evans 99 Qiang: 625
Qiang (Longxi)phùmorpheme-(dì)morpheme-tə̀prefix-gù ‘put on clothes [clothes-POST-p-V]’Evans 99 Qiang: 1740
Qiang (Mawo)guə ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.8
Qiang (Mianchi)(tè)morpheme gù ‘wear (clothes)’Evans 99 Qiang: 1740
Qiang (Mianchi)phùmorpheme gù ‘wear clothes’Evans 99 Qiang: 2222
Qiang (Taoping)guə³³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.9
Queyu (Xinlong)kuə¹³ v.‘wear (a bracelet)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1254.13
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]lə³⁵morphemegu⁵³ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.16
Xumibi⁵⁵morphemegu³³ v.‘put on (another layer of cloth’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1665.17
Xumigu⁵³ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.17
Xumigu⁵⁵ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.20

3.3rGyalrongic2

Daofu ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.12

3.3.1rGyalrong1

rGyalrongwyan ‘wear (1sg)’Benedict 72 STC: 24n78

4Nungic11

Anongdəgwadəga v.,tr.‘dress’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Rawangguɑ³³ ɕi³¹morpheme ‘wear (a garment)’LaPolla 03: 1218
Nungguɑ³¹ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.21
Anongguɑ³¹ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.44
Anonggwaga v.,intr‘dress’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Anonggwa-lammorpheme ‘clothes’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Anonggwa~gamorpheme ‘wear’LaPolla 87: 18
Trung [Dulong]gwɑ⁵⁵ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.46
Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)gwɑ⁵³~gɔ̆ʔ⁵⁵morpheme~gui⁵⁵morpheme ‘put on / wear’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1Lolo-Burmese2

*Lolo-Burmesegwa² ‘wear clothes’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 8

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish1

Yi (Wuding)gu⁵⁵ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.38

6.1.2.2Central Loloish7

Lisuguɑ³¹ ‘wear (a garment)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1211.40
Lisuguɑ³¹ ‘put on / wear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 646.27
Lisugwa v.‘dress’Benedict 72 STC: 160
Lisu (Putao)gwa⁵ v.‘wear (upper) clothes’Luce 85: V.103
Lisu (Theng-yüeh)gwa⁵ v.‘wear (upper) clothes’Luce 85: V.103
Lisugwa⁵ ‘wear clothes’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 8
Lisu (Central)gwa⁵ v.‘wear (coat)’Fraser 22

7Karenic8

*Karenkwan ‘put on (lower clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 135n368
*Karenkwan ‘put on (clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 159n429
*Karenkwàn' v‘put on (sarong)’Jones 61: 135
*Karenkwɑn ‘put on (clothes)’Chou 72: 160a
Kayan (Pekon)kwán Vtr‘wear, put on’Manson 10 Kayan
Pa-Okən ‘put on (lower clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 135n368
Pwokɔ̨ ‘put on (lower clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 135n368
Karen (Sgaw)ku ‘put on (lower clothes)’Benedict 72 STC: 135n368

9.0.1Old Chinese2

9.0.2Middle Chinese2

9.0.3Modern Chinese2

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2256, *s-gywa(n/t) ‘WEAR / PUT ON / CLOTHE’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2256
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. HPTB pp. 334, 335; STC#160
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2256,
  title  = {{*s-gywa(n/t) 'WEAR / PUT ON / CLOTHE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2256},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2256}
}