Reconstruction analysis
handlelainitiallrhymeacoverL · V
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
Allofams
See also*ya ‘LEG / FOOT’
Notes
As mentioned above, a number of languages have forms with open syllables and initial l-, y-, or d- with the meaning ‘foot’. Although this might seem strange, it cannot be excluded that these etyma for hand and foot are somehow related. This is rather analogous to the situation with NOSE and EAR, which are reconstructed as *s-na and *r-na ⪤ *g-na, respectively.
The prefixal lə in Jingpho forms referring to the feet are assigned to this etymon, while similar referring to the hand are interpreted as deriving from #695 PTB *lak HAND/LIMB. This ambiguity is the result of the weakening of the rhyme in the prefixization process.
Reflexes & cognates181 reflexes · 13 subgroups
1NE Indian Areal Group8
1.1“North Assam”2
1.1.1Tani1
1.1.1.1Western Tani66
Bengnilɯ-timorpheme haː#6201 PTani *haŋ ‘HEART’-puk#164 PTB *d-puːk ‘BELLY / VITALS / HOLLOW OBJECT / CAVE’MesorootsPTani *puk ‘HEART’PTani *pɯk ‘CAVE’PCN *puk ‘STOMACH, BELLY’PTk *buk ‘BELLY / STOMACH’Allofams1 #6723 PTB *d-(p/b)u-k ‘BELLY / STOMACH / CAVE’1a #2104 PTB *pʷik ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1b #2106 PTB *wuk ‘BELLY / STOMACH’1c #164 PTB *d-puːk ‘BELLY / VITALS / HOLLOW OBJECT / CAVE’1d #2103 PTB *pʷu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1e #2102 PTB *wu ‘BELLY / STOMACH / INTESTINE / KIDNEY’1g #2111 PTB *pwa(ŋ/n) ‘BELLY / CENTER’ ‘calf (of leg)’Sun J 93 Tani
Galo`lə◦ci#5624 PTB *kyay ‘LEFT (SIDE)’PTani *(lak-)ke ‘LEFT (HAND)’PKar *ceᴮ ‘LEFT (SIDE)’ n.‘left leg/foot’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`lə◦ci#5624 PTB *kyay ‘LEFT (SIDE)’PTani *(lak-)ke ‘LEFT (HAND)’PKar *ceᴮ ‘LEFT (SIDE)’ n.‘leg/foot (left)’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`lə◦mə#1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’MesorootsPTani *mɯt ‘HAIR (OF BODY)’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n.‘hair (leg)’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`lə◦mə#1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’MesorootsPTani *mɯt ‘HAIR (OF BODY)’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n.‘leg hair’GLDC 09 Galo
1.1.1.2Eastern Tani24
Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]lé-long#238 PTB *g-r(w/y)a(ŋ/k) ‘BONE / SKELETON’PTani *loŋ ‘BONE’ ‘shin’Matisoff 87 BP
Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]lé-mik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ ‘ankle-bone’Matisoff 87 BP
Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]lé-ne#1621 PTB *n(y)u ‘FEMALE / MOTHER’PTani *nə ‘MOTHER’PKC *nuu ‘FEMALE’PKC *nuu ‘MOTHER’PKC *nu-ŋaak ⪤ *ŋaak-nuu ‘MAIDEN / BELLE / WOMAN (unmarried)’PNN *ɲəːw ‘BIG / MOTHER’ ‘big toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]lé-yin#513 PTB *m-(y/r)in ‘NAIL / CLAW’Allofams1 #511 PTB *m-(t)sin ‘NAIL / CLAW’1a #514 PTB *m-tsyal ‘NAIL / CLAW’1b #515 PTB *m-tsyey ‘NAIL / CLAW’1c #512 PTB *m-(t)syen ‘NAIL / CLAW’1d #513 PTB *m-(y/r)in ‘NAIL / CLAW’ ‘toenail’Matisoff 87 BP
1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group2
Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦la◦umorpheme◦nhe#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ ‘ankle’Achumi 98: 6.2.5
Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦la◦umorpheme◦nhe#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ ghi#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘ankle bone’Achumi 98: 6.2.5.1
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang8
1.7.3.1Jingpho38
Jingpholah◦put#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Marrison 67 Naga
Jingpholă³¹phut³¹#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ n‘knee’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0101.19
Jingpholă¹ phut³¹#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Liu 84
Jingpholəh◦pùt#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ shəmyenmorpheme ‘knee cap’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingpholə◦gawmorpheme yung#320 PTB *s-nyuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuw ‘FINGER’PKC *yuŋ ‘FINGER / TOE / ROOT’PCN *m-juŋ ‘DIGIT (FINGER / TOE)’PTk *juŋ ‘ROOT’ ‘big toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingpholə◦gawmorpheme yung#320 PTB *s-nyuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuw ‘FINGER’PKC *yuŋ ‘FINGER / TOE / ROOT’PCN *m-juŋ ‘DIGIT (FINGER / TOE)’PTk *juŋ ‘ROOT’ numorpheme ‘big toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingpholə◦hpùt#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingpholə◦khàt#6705 PTB *gan ⪤ *k(y)at ‘RUN / DANCE / KICK’PTani *kat¹ ‘ESCAPE / FLEE’ ‘kick, as a horse’Matisoff 85 GSTC: 039
Jingpholə◦phut#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’LaPolla 87: 70
Jingpholə◦phut#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Benedict 72 STC: 7
Jingpholə◦phut#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Coblin 86: 101
Jingpho¹lə¹bop#1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’ ‘calf (leg)(2)’Weidert 87 TBTo: 1091
Jingpho¹lə¹phut#436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’MesorootsPLB *put ‘KNEE’Allofams1 #436 PTB *put-s ⪤ *pit-s ‘KNEE’1b #435 PTB *pu ‘KNEE’ ‘knee’Weidert 87 TBTo: 620
1.7.3.2Asakian6
2.1.2Bodic6
2.3.4Western Kiranti7
2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang2
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish12
Bisulà◦khɨ̀#335 PTB *krəy ‘FOOT’◦pháwa#776 PTB *p(l)a-n ⪤ *p(w)a-n ‘PALM / SOLE’PTani *lak-pro ‘PALM (of hand)’PCN *m-ph(w)a ‘FOOT (PART)’ ‘sole of foot’Beaudouin 88 Bisu: 15
Côông [Phunoi]lə̆◦khə́#336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’MesorootsPKar *khaŋᴮ ‘LEG’Allofams1a #336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’1b #338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’ ‘foot’Bradley 79 PLo
Côông [Phunoi]lə̆◦khə̀#336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’MesorootsPKar *khaŋᴮ ‘LEG’Allofams1a #336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’1b #338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’ ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP
Côông [Phunoi]lə̆◦kʰə¹¹#336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’MesorootsPKar *khaŋᴮ ‘LEG’Allofams1a #336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’1b #338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’ ‘foot’Bradley xx Phu
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #350,
*la ‘LEG / FOOT’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/350Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-350,
title = {{*la 'LEG / FOOT'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #350},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/350}
}