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STEDT #320

*s-nyuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuw

FINGER
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlenyuŋinitialnyrhymeuŋ⪤m-yuŋcoverM · VNW

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*yuŋ ‘FINGER / TOE / ROOT’PKC #1201
Central Naga (Ao Group)*m-juŋ ‘DIGIT (FINGER / TOE)’PCN #224
Tangkhulic*juŋ ‘ROOT’DRM#500

Connections

HPTB*m-yuŋ ‘finger’pp. 141, 285

Reflexes & cognates179 reflexes · 21 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)3

*Tibeto-Burman(m-)yuŋ ‘finger / toe’Benedict 72 STC: 355

1.2Kuki-Chin1

*Chinyuŋ ‘FINGER / TOE / ROOT’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin2

Ashoaprefix-yüˊˊn ‘root’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201
Khamiməyuŋ ⪤ məzuŋ ‘finger, toe’Benedict 72 STC: 355

1.2.2Central Chin16

Lai (Hakha)zûŋ ‘fingers, toes’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201
Lai (Falam)zúŋ ‘fingers, toes’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201
Lushai [Mizo]kemorpheme-zung ‘toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Lushai [Mizo]zǔng n‘root, a finger, a toe, a digit’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201
Lushai [Mizo]zung-bunmorpheme ‘finger ring’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 2076
Lushai [Mizo]zung◦bunmorpheme ‘ring (finger ring)’Marrison 67 Naga
Lushai [Mizo]zuŋ ‘finger, toe’Benedict 72 STC: 355

1.2.3Maraic1

Lakher [Mara]zô³ ‘handiness with one's fingers’VanBik 09 PKC: 1201

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)31

*Central Nagam-juŋ ‘FINGER / TOE’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.224
*Aotprefix-m-juŋ ‘FINGER / TOE’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.287
Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦meyong ‘finger’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦meyong ‘toe’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)tə²prefix-mə²juŋ³ n.‘finger, toe’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.287
Ao (Chungli)²tɯprefix³mɯ³yuŋ ‘finger’Weidert 87 TBTo: 273
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)taprefix◦myu ‘finger’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)tüprefix◦miyung ‘toe’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-mijuŋ n.‘finger’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-mijuŋ nə̀mmorpheme ‘finger's width’Coupe 07 Ao
Lotha Nagajoŋ-loŋoʔmorpheme n.‘middle finger’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ-oʔmorpheme n.‘ring finger’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ-tamoʔmorpheme n.‘little finger, pinkie’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ³-kjok²morpheme n.‘nail (of finger, toe), claw’[Source note] digit-?Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ³-kjəp²morpheme n.‘nail (of finger, toe), claw’[Source note] digit-?Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ³-tshuʔ²morpheme n.‘forefinger, index finger’[Source note] digit-point(v.)Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Lotha Nagajoŋ³roʔ³morpheme n.‘finger, toe’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.224
Lotha Nagachomorpheme◦ying◦drosuffix ‘toe’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha Nagaying◦drosuffix ‘finger’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha NagaYiNg◦rosuffix ‘finger’Nienu 90 LotQ: 7.1
Lotha Naga³yɯŋ³ro(ʔ)suffix ‘finger’Weidert 87 TBTo: 273
Sangtamching#336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’MesorootsPKar *khaŋᴮ ‘LEG’Allofams1a #336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’1b #338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’◦müyong◦zachangmorpheme ‘toe’Marrison 67 Naga
Sangtammüyong◦kutrütimorpheme ‘thumb’Marrison 67 Naga
Sangtammüyong◦zasuffix ‘finger’Marrison 67 Naga
Sangtam¹mɯ²yuŋ²zasuffix ‘finger’Weidert 87 TBTo: 273
Yimchungrüaprefix◦ying n‘root’Marrison 67 Naga
Yimchungrüying◦khingmorpheme ‘finger’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic5

Huishuʔamorpheme-nəmorpheme-juŋ ‘root’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.003
Kachaiʔamorpheme-ŋəmorpheme-lɐŋ ‘root’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.003
Tusomkəmorpheme-zɯə̃ ‘root’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.003
Ukhrulʔamorpheme-ŋəmorpheme-juŋ ‘root’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.5Mikir [Karbi]16

Mikir [Karbi](rí)#770 PTB *ri ‘HAND’-mùn-dákmorpheme-wámmorpheme ‘middle finger’Grüssner 79 BP: 174, 195
Mikir [Karbi](rí)#770 PTB *ri ‘HAND’-mùn-ménmorpheme-wēmorpheme ‘ring finger’Grüssner 79 BP: 174, 195
Mikir [Karbi]chimorpheme◦mun◦pimorpheme ‘thumb’Matisoff 87 BP
Mikir [Karbi]keng#338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’MesorootsPKC *kee ⪤ *khee ‘FOOT / LEG’Allofams1a #336 PTB *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’1b #338 PTB *r-kya-ŋ ‘FOOT’ (chimorpheme◦mun) chimorpheme◦mimorpheme ‘toenail’Matisoff 87 BP
Mikir [Karbi]mun-pomorpheme ‘thumb’Matisoff 87 BP
Mikir [Karbi]mun◦dakmorpheme◦vammorpheme ‘finger (middle)’Matisoff 87 BP
Mikir [Karbi]mun◦thokmorpheme◦vammorpheme ‘finger (middle)’Matisoff 87 BP

1.7.3.1Jingpho14

Jingpholəmorpheme◦yung s,s‘finger, toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingpholəmorpheme◦yung ‘finger, toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoməmorpheme◦yung s,s‘finger, toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung s,s‘finger, toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung ‘finger, toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung hkyimorpheme ‘little toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung latmorpheme ‘second toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung numorpheme ‘thumb’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung numorpheme ‘big toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyung sammorpheme ‘middle toe’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphoyuŋ ⪤ ləyuŋ ‘finger, toe’Benedict 72 STC: 355

2.1.2.1Tibetan2

Tibetan (Jirel)kāmbmorpheme-eqmorpheme ju ‘toe’Matisoff 87 BP

3.2Qiangic22

Guiqiongkue³³morpheme ȵy⁵³ ‘finger’Sun H 91 GuiQ
Guiqiongkue³³morphemeȵy⁵³ ‘finger’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 255.17
Muyamɑ³³morphemenə⁵³ n‘finger (middle)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0111.15
Muyarɑ³³morphemenə⁵³ n‘finger’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0109.15
Muyarɑ³³morphemenə⁵³ tɕue²⁴morpheme n‘finger (little)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0112.15
Muya [Minyak]ʐɑ³⁵morphemenɯ⁵⁵tɕe⁵³morpheme ‘little finger’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 7.1.4
Muya [Minyak]ʐɔ³⁵morphemenɯ⁵³ ‘finger’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 255.15
Qiang (Mianchi)ìprefix nə́ qɛ̀morpheme ‘finger’Evans 99 Qiang: 135
Qiang (Mianchi)íprefix nə̀ qɛ̀morpheme ‘finger’Evans 99 Qiang: 135
Qiang (Mianchi)íprefix nə̀ qɛ̀morpheme-bʐàmorpheme-(kí)morpheme ‘thumb [finger-big-NOM]’Evans 99 Qiang: 136
Qiang (Mianchi)íprefix nə̀ qɛ̀morpheme-bʐùmorpheme bʐímorpheme ‘little finger [finger-little]’Evans 99 Qiang: 140
Qiang (Mianchi)íprefix nə̀ qɛ̀morpheme-gómorpheme tìmorpheme-(kì)morpheme ‘middle finger [finger-between-NOM]’Evans 99 Qiang: 138
Qiang (Taoping)nɑ³¹morpheme ne³³ ‘finger’Sun H 81 Qia
Qiang (Taoping)nɑ³¹morphemene³³ ‘finger’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 255.9

5Tujia5

The cognacy of these Tujia syllables is uncertain.

6.1.1Burmish23

Bolatɔ̱n³⁵morpheme ŋju̱ŋ³⁵ ‘index finger’Dai 89 Bola: 134
Langsu (Luxi)kauŋ³⁵morphemekauŋ³⁵morphemeŋju̱k⁵⁵ n‘finger (middle)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0111.31

6.1.2.2Central Loloish16

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish13

Akhanoeˇ da˯morpheme ‘finger (ring)’Matisoff 87 BP
Akhanoeˇ doe˯ ‘finger (ring)’Lewis 89 AETD
Akhanoeˇ g'ahˇmorpheme ‘finger (middle)’Matisoff 87 BP

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #320, *s-nyuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuw ‘FINGER’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/320
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: incl 319, 321
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-320,
  title  = {{*s-nyuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuŋ ⪤ *s-m-yuw 'FINGER'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #320},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/320}
}