STEDT
STEDT #1012

*za-n

CHILD
Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlezainitialzrhymeacoverS · V

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*θaa ‘CHILD / OFFSPRING / SON / DAUGHTER’PKC #612
Bodo-Garo*sa ‘CHILD’

Connections

HPTB*tsa-n ⪤ *za-n ‘child / son / relatives’pp. 27, 31, 33, 34, 154, 162, 165, 169, 171, 172, 176, 188, 448, 450

Notes

There is variation between the fricative and affricate initials even within the same subgroup (e.g., Qiangic, Burmish). See #2727 PTB *tsa-n CHILD / GRANDCHILD / NEPHEW / NIECE.

This morpheme frequently occurs as the last element in compounds, with diminutive force.

Reflexes & cognates191 reflexes · 28 subgroups

1.1.1.1Western Tani1

Bokaraprefix-ho ‘son’Sun J 93 Tani

1.2Kuki-Chin1

*Chinθaa ‘CHILD / OFFSPRING / SON / DAUGHTER’VanBik 09 PKC: 612

1.2.1.1Northern Chin3

Thadotsâa ‘child’VanBik 09 PKC: 612
Tiddimtaː¹ ‘son’VanBik 09 PKC: 612

1.2.2Central Chin5

Lai (Hakha)fâa ‘child, offspring, son, daughter’VanBik 09 PKC: 612
Lushai [Mizo] n‘offspring, a child (either a son or a daughter)’VanBik 09 PKC: 612
Lushai [Mizo]fa ‘child, son’LaPolla 87: 120
Lushai [Mizo]fa ‘child, offspring’Benedict 72 STC: 59

1.2.3Maraic1

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)8

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-numorpheme-za n.‘infant ('child' + DIM)’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)màsə̀morpheme-za n.‘calf ('ox' + DIM)’Coupe 07 Ao
Sangtamaprefixzasuffix ‘child’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.1Bodo-Garo1

1.7.1.1Bodo1

Dimasasabaprefixsa ‘child, offspring’Benedict 72 STC: 59

3.1Tangut1

Tangut [Xixia]zjɨ̣ (zjɨ) ‘son, child’Li 97 Tangut: 5070

3.2Qiangic31

Ersui³³morphemezɑ⁵⁵ ‘son’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 339.18
Ersuzɿ³³ndzu⁵⁵morpheme ‘nephew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 343.18
Lyuzuzɿ⁵³ndʑu̵⁵³morpheme n‘nephew <brother's son>’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0234.18
Muya(za²⁴) tu⁵⁵morpheme mbə³³morpheme ‘carry (a child) on the back)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1151.15
Namuyizɿ⁵³ ‘son’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 339.19
Namuyizɿ⁵³ ‘nephew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 343.19
Namuyizi⁵³ n‘nephew <brother's son>’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0234.46
Xumizi³⁵bɛ³³morpheme ‘nephew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 343.20
Xumizi⁵⁵bɛ³³morpheme n‘nephew <brother's son>’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0234.17
Xumizɐ³³mi⁵⁵morphemeə⁵⁵morphememi⁵⁵morpheme ‘child’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 295.20
Xumizɔ̃³³zũ⁵⁵morphemehɪ̃⁵⁵morpheme ‘son-in-law’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 342.20
Xumizɔ̃³⁵ ‘son’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 339.20
Xumizɛ³³mi⁵³morpheme n‘child’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0169.17
Zhaba (Daofu County)zɿ¹³pʌ³³morphemeɟjʌ⁵⁵morpheme n‘son’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0220.14

3.3rGyalrongic1

3.3.1rGyalrong3

rGyalrongtAprefix za ‘son-in-law’Nagano 97 GyQ: 45
rGBenzhenprefix-za ‘son’Sun J 97 rGB
rGBenzhenprefix-za prefix-kpamorpheme ‘son-in-law’Sun J 97 rGB

4Nungic1

Anongza-mi ‘daughter’Benedict 72 STC: 59

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish19

Gazhuoza²¹ ni²⁴morpheme za²¹ fv̩³³#97 PTB *hu ‘BORN / BIRTH / REAR’ ‘birth, give’Dai 89 Gazh: 10.4.15
Gazhuoza³¹ ‘son’Dai 91 TB15
Lalo ‘son’Björverud 94
Lalo-morpheme morpheme ‘nephew’Björverud 94
Lalozɑ²¹ ni⁵⁵morpheme be v.‘pregnant’Chen 86 Yi: 10.4.14
Nasuzo³³ ‘male’Chen 86 Yi: 10.3
Nusu (Central)za⁵⁵ iɔ³³morpheme ‘placenta’Dai 89 NusB: 144.
Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)za⁵⁵ iɔ³⁵morpheme ‘placenta’Dai 89 NusA: 144.
Nusu (Central)za⁵⁵ le³³morpheme ‘pregnant’Dai 89 NusB: 1912.
Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)za⁵⁵ le³⁵morpheme ‘pregnant’Dai 89 NusA: 1912.

6.1.2.2Central Loloish50

Ahii³³morphemezo²¹ni²²morphemedɯ²¹morpheme ‘womb’Luo 90: 10.4.8
Lahuśā ‘male prefix’LaPolla 87: 120
Lahu (Black)zɑ⁵³ xv̩³³morpheme ‘pregnant’Chang 86
Lahu (Black)zᴀ⁵³zɛ⁵³morpheme ‘child’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 295.33
Lahu (Yellow)ʑa³nɛ⁴morpheme ‘child’Chang 86
Lisudʒi³¹morphemezɑ³¹ n‘livestock / animal (domestic)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0253.40
Lisusɑ⁵⁵morphemezɑ̱³¹ n‘nephew <brother's son>’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0234.40
Lisu (Nujiang)zɑ³¹ ne³³morpheme the³⁵morpheme ‘pregnant’Xu 86 Lisu
Lisuzɑ̱³¹mɯ̱³¹ n‘daughter’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0222.40
Lisuzɑ³¹tʃhi³¹ n‘orphan’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0252.40
Lisuȵi̱³³morphemezɑ³¹ n‘younger brother’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0228.40
Lisuɑ⁵⁵prefixʑi̱³¹morphemeȵi̱³³morphemezɑ³¹ n‘brothers’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0235.40

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish18

Akha (Yunnan) morpheme ‘youngster’Hansson 89 AHKP: 148
Akha (Yunnan) jomorpheme ‘boy’Hansson 89 AHKP: 194
Akha (Thai)-jomorpheme ‘boy’Hansson 89 AHKP: 194
Akhaza²-mi²morpheme‘daughter’Matisoff 78 MLBM: 27a
Akhaza˯ jawˇmorpheme caw˯morpheme (hm˯) ‘placenta (human)’Matisoff 87 BP
Akhaza˯ jawˇmorpheme zaˇmorpheme ‘womb’Matisoff 87 BP
Hani (Lüchun) jumorpheme ? ‘boy’Hansson 89 AHKP: 194

6.2Naxi16

Laze (Xiangjiao)zɑ˧hu˥morpheme ‘child’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 513
Laze (Xiangjiao)zɑ˧hu˥morpheme dʑy˩morpheme v.‘give birth to a child’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 3091
Laze (Xiangjiao)zɑ˧hu˥morpheme tʰæ˥morpheme tɕi˥morpheme hĩ˥morpheme ‘child, little child’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 515
Laze (Xiangjiao)zɑ˧hu˥morphemepɑ˩morpheme v.‘carry a child on one's back’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 2371
Laze (Xiangjiao)zɑ˧hu˥morphemepɑ˩morphemedzi˩morpheme ‘girdle used to carry a child’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 1174
Na (Yongning)zo˧hṽ˧morphememv˥morphemezo˩ ‘descendants’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Na (Yongning)zo˧hṽ˧˥morpheme ‘young chap, young lad, young man’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Na (Yongning)zo˧hṽ˧˥morpheme ‘son’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Na (Yongning)zo˧mv˥morpheme ‘child’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Naxi (Yongning)zo¹³nv⁵⁵morpheme ‘child’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 295.29
Naxizy⁵⁵zy²¹ n‘child’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0169.45
Naxi (Lijiang)zy⁵⁵zy¹³ ‘child’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 295.28

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1012, *za-n ‘CHILD’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1012
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#059, HPTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1012,
  title  = {{*za-n 'CHILD'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1012},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1012}
}