STEDT #6028
*g-ya(k/ŋ)
SHEEP / YAK
Chinese comparandum
羊 OC *zi̯ɑng, GSR #732a-d ‘sheep’; Schuessler 2007:557 *jaŋ ~ *laŋ; B & S 2011: *ɢaŋ; Mand. yáng.
Reflexes & cognates252 reflexes · 31 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2
1.1.1.1Western Tani20
Bengnijak-nɯː#1621 PTB *n(y)u ‘FEMALE / MOTHER’PTani *nə ‘MOTHER’PKC *nuu ‘FEMALE’PKC *nuu ‘MOTHER’PKC *nu-ŋaak ⪤ *ŋaak-nuu ‘MAIDEN / BELLE / WOMAN (unmarried)’PNN *ɲəːw ‘BIG / MOTHER’ ‘yak (female)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengnijaː-mɯ#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘wool (on sheep's body)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengnijaː-nɯː#1621 PTB *n(y)u ‘FEMALE / MOTHER’PTani *nə ‘MOTHER’PKC *nuu ‘FEMALE’PKC *nuu ‘MOTHER’PKC *nu-ŋaak ⪤ *ŋaak-nuu ‘MAIDEN / BELLE / WOMAN (unmarried)’PNN *ɲəːw ‘BIG / MOTHER’ ‘sheep (female)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarjoŋ eː#576 PTB *ya(k) ‘SHIT / FECES / DUNG / EXCREMENT’PTani *eː ‘EXCREMENT’PKC *ʔeek ‘EXCREMENT / DUNG / STOOL’PKar *ʔéq ‘EXCREMENT’PKar *Ɂeᴮ ‘DUNG, EXCREMENT’ n‘dung (goat, sheep)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0280.24
1.1.2Deng6
1.2.4“Old Kuki”1
1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1
1.3.3Zeme Group1
1.3.4Tangkhulic2
1.4Meithei1
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang3
2.1.2Bodic7
2.1.2.1Tibetan14
Tibetan (Written)ɣyɑg-rogmorpheme-z̀olmorpheme-c̀ʻénmorpheme ‘yak (very long-haired, shaggy)’Jäschke 1881
2.1.3Lepcha1
2.1.4Tamangish11
2.3.1Eastern Kiranti1
3.1Tangut1
3.2Qiangic41
Ersutshi⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’jo⁵⁵ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.18
Guiqiongtɕhɑ̃³¹tshɔ̃³¹#370 PTB *(t)su-ŋ ‘HAIR / MANE / BEARD’PKar *chuNᴮ ‘FEATHER / FUR / BODY HAIR’ n‘wool / fleece’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.16
Namuyijo⁵⁵tshɿ³⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.19
Pumi (Jiulong)tshɿ⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ʒõ⁵⁵ n‘sheep (general)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0274.10
Pumi (Lanping)tshɤ⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ʒɑ̃u⁵⁵ n‘sheep (general)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0274.09
Pumi (Qinghua)tshɤ⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ʒɑ̃u⁵⁵ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.11
Pumi (Taoba)tshə⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ʐã⁵⁵ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.10
Qiang (Longxi)ʁò#1431 PTB *s/m-raŋ ‘HORSE’PKC *raŋ ‘HORSE’PLB *mraŋ² ‘HORSE’-ió ‘Mongolian gazelle [horse-sheep]’Evans 99 Qiang: 387
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tshɛ⁵³#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ji⁵⁵ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.16
Xumiʔɛ̃⁵³sũ³³#370 PTB *(t)su-ŋ ‘HAIR / MANE / BEARD’PKar *chuNᴮ ‘FEATHER / FUR / BODY HAIR’ n‘wool / fleece (sheep)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.17
3.3rGyalrongic1
3.3.1rGyalrong19
Caodengqɐprefix-gji-mo#1620 PTB *mow ‘WOMAN / FEMALE RELATIVE / FEMININE SUFFIX’PKC *maw ‘BRIDE / GROOM’PKar *muᴮ ‘FEMALE (HUMANS), MOTHER’ ‘sheep (female)’Sun J 97 Cao
rGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Badi Munashan)ˉkəprefix joˀ pʰɕimorpheme ‘excrement of sheep’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0137
rGyalrong (Ganzi Danba Badi Qiongshan)ˊkəprefix jᴀ pʰimorpheme ‘excrement of sheep’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0137
4Nungic13
Rawangəprefix◦yaŋ³¹ mɯl³³#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘wool, fleece’LaPolla 03: 321
5Tujia15
Tujia (Northern)ruo2si3#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ n.‘sheep/goat meat’Brassett 04 Tujia
Tujia (Northern)ruo²si³#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ ‘sheep/goat meat’Brassett 06 Tujia: 4.4
6.1.1Burmish2
6.1.2Loloish3
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish31
Yi (Xide)ʑo³³xo³³#5402 PTB *kruk ‘PEN / CORRAL’ n‘sheepfold / pen (sheep)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0506.35
6.1.2.2Central Loloish22
Lahu (Lancang)ʑɔ³¹khɔ⁵⁴#5402 PTB *kruk ‘PEN / CORRAL’ n‘sheepfold / pen (sheep)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0506.43
Lahu (Lancang)ʑɔ³¹mv³³#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n‘wool / fleece’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.43
Lahu (Lancang)ʑɔ³¹qhɛ⁵³#572 PTB *kləy ‘BODY DIRT / EXCREMENT’PKC *mik-khlii ‘TEARS’PCN *a-khləjʔ ‘FECES, EXCREMENT’TGTM *ᴬkli ‘FECES,SHIT’PKar *khrejᴮ ‘BODY DIRT’ n‘dung (goat, sheep)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0280.43
Lisu (Northern)a³³prefixjɔ⁴⁴my³³#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘wool from sheep’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisuɑ⁵⁵morphemeʑo̱³³mu̱³³#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n‘wool / fleece’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.40
Yi (Sani)ʐo³³nu⁴⁴#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n‘wool / fleece’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.39
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish11
6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish1
6.2Naxi15
Laze (Xiangjiao)y˥kʰv˩#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’ ‘year of the goat’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 1647
Na (Yongning)ju˩kʰv˩#2252 PTB *(k/ʔ)uk ‘BEND / CROOKED / RETURN / BACK / YEAR’PLB *gukᴸ ‘CROOKED / BENT / KNEE / ANGLE’ ‘year of the goat’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Naxi (Lijiang)tshɯ⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’ʑu³¹ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 116.28
Naxitshɿ⁵⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’y²¹ n‘sheep (general)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0274.45
Naxi (Yongning)ʑu³¹;tshəɹ⁵⁵ʑu¹³ ‘goat / sheep (generic)’also contains *r-tsitmorphemeSun H 91 ZMYY: 116.29
8Bai8
Bai (Dali)tsi³⁵#1226 PTB *r-tsit ‘GOAT / BEARD / GOATEE / YAK-HAIR’PLB *V-ci:tᴸ ‘GOAT / SHEEP’jou²¹ ‘sheep’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 118.35
Bai (Jianchuan)jo⁴²mɑ⁴²#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ n‘wool / fleece’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0279.48
9.0.1Old Chinese1
9.0.3Modern Chinese2
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #6028,
*g-ya(k/ŋ) ‘SHEEP / YAK’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/6028Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-6028,
title = {{*g-ya(k/ŋ) 'SHEEP / YAK'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #6028},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/6028}
}