Shape, Size, Color, Measure, Number, Time, Space › Shape/Size › Verbs referring to size/shape

STEDT #1381

*m-lu(ŋ/m)

HEART / ROUND

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlem/b/sinitiallrhymeuŋ ⪤ umcoverM · N

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PKC #1025

Central Naga (Ao Group)(a) *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN #231

Central Naga (Ao Group)(b) *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PCN #147

Tangkhulic*luŋ ‘HEART’DRM#496

Connections

Allofams

2 #5731 *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’
2a #690 *s-lum ‘ROUND’
2b #1427 *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’
2c #1381 *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’

HPTB*m-luŋ ‘mind / heart / liver’p. 141

HPTB*zlum ‘round’pp. 78, 272

Notes

Kuki-Chin languages systematically confuse the meanings HEART and LIVER for this etymon, probably because both body parts are frequently used in psycho-collocations expressing mental states, processes, and emotions.

Reflexes & cognates500 reflexes · 31 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)6

*Tibeto-Burmanluŋ ‘heart / liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1a)

*Tibeto-Burmanm-luŋ ‘mind / heart / liver’Mortensen 12 Tk

*Tibeto-Burmanm-luŋ ‘mind / heart / liver’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 600

*Tibeto-Burmanm-luŋ ⪤ b-lu ‘heart / liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

*Tibeto-Burmans-lum ‘heart / liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1d)

*Tibeto-Burmans-luŋ ‘heart / liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1b)

1NE Indian Areal Group2

Mijiluŋ ‘heart, bowels’Simon 79 Miji

Mijiluŋ-ʒaŋ#3475 PTB *yaŋ ‘LOVE / DESIRE / COPULATE’ adj.‘love; be kind to’Simon 79 Miji

1.1.2Deng3

Kaman [Miju]lɯm³⁵ ‘heart’Sun H 80 MLD

Kaman [Miju]lɯm³⁵ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.23

Kaman [Miju]lɯm³⁵ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.48

1.2Kuki-Chin5

*Chinluŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Analpamorpheme-luŋ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

Chinbokammorpheme-luŋ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

Thanphumlᴜ̃¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Thanphumlᴜŋ¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

1.2.1.1Northern Chin12

Kuki-Chinlung◦changmorpheme ‘heart / locus of emotions’Haokip 98: 14.2

Kuki-Chinlung◦changmorpheme ‘heart’Haokip 98: 9.3

Kuki-Chinlung◦changphamorpheme ‘heart / locus of personality’Haokip 98: 14.3

Kuki-Chinlung◦phutmorpheme ‘heartbeat’Haokip 98: 9.3.1

Kuki-Chinlung◦thimmorpheme ‘mind / locus of thought’Haokip 98: 14.1

Sizanglung ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Thadolúng ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Tiddimlung² ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Tiddimlung² sim²morpheme ‘temper’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 1025

Tiddimlung² tang¹morpheme ‘heart’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 1026

Tiddimluŋ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1a)

Tiddimlᴜŋ¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin17

Ashoamlüˊng ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Asho (Sandoway)mlüŋ¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Chinbonm̩lïŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Cho (Mindat)m-lung ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Daaim̩luŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Khami (Northern)pămorpheme◦lüng ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

Awa Khumiaˉprefix◦mlᴜ̃² ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Khumipliíwng ‘heart, chest, breast, mind’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Khumipᵊleᵘŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Khumi (Ahraing)pə̆lɛᴜ̃² ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Matuluŋ◦buⁱ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Matupiluŋ⁴bɤʀi¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Mkaangluŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Ngmüünm̩lúŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Nyhmoyem̩luŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Wakungmᵊluŋ ‘heart’So-Hartmann 88 Chin: 85

Womatumˉlᴜŋ⁴ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

1.2.2Central Chin15

Khualsimlᴜŋ³ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Lai (Hakha)lûŋ ‘heart, liver’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Lai (Falam)lǔŋ ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Lai (Hakha)lᴜŋ⁵ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Lushai [Mizo]lung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Lushai [Mizo]lúng n‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Lushai [Mizo]lúng ‘heart’Løffler 85 Paa

Lushai [Mizo]lung ‘heart’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 1026

Lushai [Mizo]lung◦ngaimorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Lushai [Mizo]lung◦ngaimorpheme ‘sorry’Marrison 67 Naga

Lushai [Mizo]lᴜŋ¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Lushai [Mizo]thin#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’-lung ‘mind’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1a)

Paangkhualúng ‘heart’Løffler 85 Paa

Paangkhuamalúng ‘heart’Løffler 85 Paa

1.2.3Maraic7

Lakher [Mara]pā-lô¹ ‘heart’VanBik 09 PKC: 1025

Lakher [Mara]palô<pa◦lung ‘heart’Løffler 85 Paa

Lothvo (Hiranpi)pə̆lᴜ̃¹ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Merapə̆⁵ləu⁶ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Xongsailᴜŋ³ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Zotunglõ⁴ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

Zotunglũ⁴ ‘heart’Luce 85: N.46

1.2.4“Old Kuki”7

Kom Remluŋ tʰimmorpheme ‘mind / locus of thought’Toba 91 KRQ: 14.1

Kom Remməluŋ ‘heart / locus of emotions’Toba 91 KRQ: 14.2

Kom Remməluŋ ‘heart / locus of personality’Toba 91 KRQ: 14.3

Kom Remməluŋ ‘heart’Toba 91 KRQ: 9.3

Kom Remməluŋ intʰokmorpheme ‘heartbeat’Toba 91 KRQ: 9.3.1

Moyonbrúŋ ~ bʌrúŋ ‘heart’Kosha 90: 9.3

Moyonbruŋ◦rə́r ‘heart / locus of emotions’Kosha 90: 14.2

1.3“Naga” Areal Group2

Maringmalung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Maringmalung ‘angry’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)68

*Central Nagaləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.147

*Central Nagam-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.231

*Aoluŋ◦luŋ be v.‘ROUND’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.360

*Aoləm ‘HEAD’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.363

*Aophimorpheme-ləm ‘THINK’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.020

*Aotprefix-m-luŋ ‘HEART’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.361

Ao (Chungli)bimorpheme◦lem ‘think’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)lung◦lung◦ersuffix adj‘round’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)luŋ²luŋ² be v.‘round’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.360

Ao (Chungli)pi³morphemeləm¹ v.‘think’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.020

Ao (Chungli)pímorpheme◦lɯ̀m v.‘think’Temsunungsang 09 Ao: 5

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦mu-luŋ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦mulung ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦mulung-azümorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)teprefix◦mulung◦jang#3590 PTB *tsyaŋ ‘ROUND OBJECT / SEED / NUT / TESTICLE’PCN *tsaŋ ‘SEED, NUT’ ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Chungli)tə²prefix-mu²luŋ² tʃaŋ²#3590 PTB *tsyaŋ ‘ROUND OBJECT / SEED / NUT / TESTICLE’PCN *tsaŋ ‘SEED, NUT’ n.‘heart’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.361

Ao (Chungli)²tɯprefix²luŋ²luŋ v.i.‘round’Weidert 87 TBTo: 297

Ao (Chungli)³pimorpheme¹lɯm v.‘think’Weidert 87 TBTo: 473

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)lam◦rat#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘skull’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)phimorpheme◦lam ‘think’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefix◦lam ‘head’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefix◦lung adj‘round’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefix◦mulung ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefix◦mulung-charumorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefix◦mulung-nammorpheme ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)tüprefix◦mulung◦chang#3590 PTB *tsyaŋ ‘ROUND OBJECT / SEED / NUT / TESTICLE’PCN *tsaŋ ‘SEED, NUT’ ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)(NZPprefix-) luŋ◦luŋ be v.‘round’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)(NZPmorpheme-) məluŋ be v.‘willing’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-ləm n.‘head’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-məluŋ-tʃaŋ#3590 PTB *tsyaŋ ‘ROUND OBJECT / SEED / NUT / TESTICLE’PCN *tsaŋ ‘SEED, NUT’ n.‘heart ('be willing' + 'seed')’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)lùŋ-phaŋmorpheme v.‘encircle [encircled] (probably 'be round' + 'cover')’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)ləm-taŋmorpheme n.‘bedstead ('head' + ?)’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)lə̀m-tshə̀ʔmorpheme be v.‘bald ('head' + 'pull')’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)phı̀morpheme◦lə̀m v.‘think [thought]’Coupe 07 Ao

Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)phı̀morpheme◦lə̀m-tʃhətsuffix v.‘remember, realize [remembered, realized] ('think' + ABIL)’Coupe 07 Ao

Lotha Nagaloŋ¹tsə¹morpheme- v.‘believe’Bruhn 14 SuppCN

Lotha Nagaloŋ¹ʃi¹morpheme n.‘joy’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.231

Lotha Nagaləm¹-pəm³morpheme n.‘heart’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.147

Lotha Nagalam ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalam-tsok#56 PTB *m-(t)sik ‘BURN / ITCH / ANGRY’PLB *ndzikᴴ ‘ITCH’◦asuffix ‘angry’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalam◦khangamorpheme adj‘brave’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalam◦pam#163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’MesorootsPCN *pəm ‘SWELL, BE SWOLLEN’PLB *C-pwap ‘SWELL UP / BE SWOLLEN / STOUT / CALF OF LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’ ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalam◦pammorpheme ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalam◦pammorpheme ‘soul’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalong◦shimorpheme ‘joy’Murry 78: 64

Lotha Nagalong◦tsümorpheme◦losuffix ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha Nagalüm◦bümmorpheme ‘heart’Murry 78: 54

Lotha NagaLum◦bun#163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’MesorootsPCN *pəm ‘SWELL, BE SWOLLEN’PLB *C-pwap ‘SWELL UP / BE SWOLLEN / STOUT / CALF OF LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’ ‘heart’Nienu 90 LotQ: 9.3

Lotha Nagalə̄m◦pə̀m>#163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’MesorootsPCN *pəm ‘SWELL, BE SWOLLEN’PLB *C-pwap ‘SWELL UP / BE SWOLLEN / STOUT / CALF OF LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’ ‘heart’Acharya 75

Lotha Naganprefix◦lam v‘hate’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtamaprefix◦mülong adj‘round’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtamlem◦thingmorpheme ‘think’Kumar 73 Sang

Sangtamlong◦timorpheme ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtamlong◦timorpheme v‘hope’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtamlüm ‘think’Marrison 67 Naga

Sangtam²lɯm¹tiŋmorpheme v.‘think’Weidert 87 TBTo: 473

Sangtam¹aprefix¹mɯ²luŋ v.i.‘round’Weidert 87 TBTo: 297

Yimchungrülüm ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrülüm v‘desire’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrülüm ‘think’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrülüm v‘want’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrülüm v‘wish’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrümulong ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrümulung ‘heart’Kumar 73 Yim: 60

Yimchungrümulung-mütsümorpheme ‘sorry’Marrison 67 Naga

Yimchungrümulung◦jih#3559 PTB *dzəy ‘SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT’PKC *tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PKC *khlaay-tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PCN *ma-tʃəjʔ ‘SEED’PTk *tʰa ‘SEED’ ‘heart’Kumar 73 Yim: 80

Yimchungrüthuprefix◦lung-khiungtomorpheme ‘round’Kumar 73 Yim: 42

Yimchungrü¹lɯm v.‘think’Weidert 87 TBTo: 473

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group22

Angami (Khonoma)melu ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)(u)morpheme me³¹ lou³³ ‘heart’Nienu 90 AngQ: 9.3

Angami (Kohima)umorpheme◦melu ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokriküprefix◦mülü ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokrimülü ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokrimü³¹ lü³³ ‘heart’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 9.3

Chokriumorpheme◦mülü ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Meluriaprefix◦lu◦vemorpheme ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Ntenyikuprefix◦nong◦dimorpheme ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

Ntenyinong◦chapimorpheme ‘prepare’Marrison 67 Naga

Ntenyinong◦dimorpheme ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Ntenyinong◦kaghimorpheme v.i.‘glad’Marrison 67 Naga

Rengmannyung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦melo◦ti#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦memorpheme◦lo ‘mind’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mlo ‘heart / locus of personality’Achumi 98: 14.3

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mlo ghimemorpheme ‘heart / locus of emotions’Achumi 98: 14.2

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mulo ‘heart’Achumi 98: 9.3

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mulo kughüthamorpheme ‘heartbeat’Achumi 98: 9.3.1

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mulo küghüthamorpheme ‘pulse’Achumi 98: 9.3.2

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mulo◦saghimorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]²tšomorpheme³pumorpheme¹mu³lo²imorpheme v.i.‘round’Weidert 87 TBTo: 297

1.3.3Zeme Group26

Liangmeichamorpheme◦lung◦pummorpheme◦bumorpheme ‘angry’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeilung◦puhmorpheme◦bumorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeilung◦puhmorpheme◦bumorpheme ‘sorry’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeilung◦sa#3477 PTB *saw ‘LOVE’ v‘love’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeimailung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeimalum◦boumorpheme ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeimalum◦khaimorpheme ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Maramaprefix◦lung◦si#3494 PTB *(t)si ‘COPULATE / LOVE’ v‘love’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeilum◦loumorpheme ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeilum◦meimorpheme ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeilüng◦ning#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeilung◦puammorpheme ‘angry’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeilung◦renmorpheme◦rameimorpheme ‘sorry’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeiməi luŋ⁵³ ‘heart’Matisoff 94 Rong

Zemekemorpheme◦lung◦pumbemorpheme ‘angry’Marrison 67 Naga

Zememi#1002 PPC *r-mi(y)-n ‘PERSON / MAN’PTani *miː ‘MAN (homo)’PKC *mii ‘PERSON / MAN / PEOPLE’PCN *a-[h]məjʔ ‘PERSON, HUMAN’PTk *mi ‘MAN / HUMAN’PNN *C̥-məy ‘MAN (generic)’TGTM *ᴬmi ‘MAN’◦lung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Zeme³mi#1002 PPC *r-mi(y)-n ‘PERSON / MAN’PTani *miː ‘MAN (homo)’PKC *mii ‘PERSON / MAN / PEOPLE’PCN *a-[h]məjʔ ‘PERSON, HUMAN’PTk *mi ‘MAN / HUMAN’PNN *C̥-məy ‘MAN (generic)’TGTM *ᴬmi ‘MAN’◦¹n¹luŋ ‘heart’Weidert 87 TBTo: 11

Mziemelung◦siamorpheme ‘sad’Marrison 67 Naga

Mziemelung◦siamorpheme ‘sorry’Marrison 67 Naga

Mziemelung◦tsiepmorpheme ‘peace’Marrison 67 Naga

Mziememi#1002 PPC *r-mi(y)-n ‘PERSON / MAN’PTani *miː ‘MAN (homo)’PKC *mii ‘PERSON / MAN / PEOPLE’PCN *a-[h]məjʔ ‘PERSON, HUMAN’PTk *mi ‘MAN / HUMAN’PNN *C̥-məy ‘MAN (generic)’TGTM *ᴬmi ‘MAN’◦lung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Mziemenlum ‘believe’Marrison 67 Naga

Mziemepekenmorpheme◦lum ‘faith’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic10

*Tangkhulicluŋ ‘heart’Mortensen 12 Tk: 496

Huishumə-luŋ-kʰəmorpheme-vejʔ#6943 PTk *wɐt ‘BURST’ ‘angry (lit. heart is bursting)’Mortensen 12 Tk: Verbs.164

Huishuʔamorpheme-mə-luŋ ‘heart / locus of emotions’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.129

Kachaimə-luŋ ‘heart’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.260

Kachaimə-luŋ-kʰəmorpheme-wat#6943 PTk *wɐt ‘BURST’ ‘angry (lit. heart is bursting)’Mortensen 12 Tk: Verbs.143

Tangkhulmalung ‘heart’Marrison 67 Naga

Tangkhulməluŋ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1c)

Tangkhul¹mə¹luŋ ‘heart’Weidert 87 TBTo: 11

Tusomʔɯmorpheme-məmorpheme-lũ ‘heart’Mortensen 12 Tk: BodyParts.271

Ukhrulmə-luŋ ‘heart’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.7.3.1Jingpho5

Jingphosă³morpheme lum³³ ‘heart’Liu 84

Jingphosă³³morphemelum³³ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.47

Jingphosă³¹morphemelum³³ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.19

Jingphosəmorpheme◦lūm ‘heart’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 256

Jingphosəmorpheme◦lum ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1d)

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti7

Limbuluŋ haːr- (haːt) v.‘bear a grudge’Michailovsky 89 Lm

Limbuluŋ◦masuffix ‘heart’Michailovsky 89 Lm

Limbuluŋ◦ma#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Limbuluŋ◦masuffix tuktmorpheme- v.‘love (so.), to sympathize with, to feel sorry for’Driem 88? LimA

Lohorongruŋ◦masuffix ‘heart’Weidert 87 TBTo: 749

Yakhaluŋ◦ma#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ bɛ◦ha maŋcəwa ‘bile’Kohn 90: 9.5.1

Yakhaluŋ◦maː#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘liver’Kohn 90: 9.5

2.3.2Southern Kiranti9

Bantawalung-ma(k)#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Rai 84 BnDc: 47

BantawaluN◦mak#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Rai 85 BnDs

Bantawaluŋ-mak#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB

Bantawaluŋ-mak#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart, liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1a)

Bantawaluŋ◦ma#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Bantawaluŋ◦mak#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Chamlinglung◦ma*#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘liver’Winter 85: 23

Kulunglum ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Kulunglumˍ ‘liver’Rai 75 Kul

2.3.3Central Kiranti4

Dumilum ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Dumilum ‘liver; Nep. kalejo’Driem 93 Dumi

Khaling'lum ‘liver’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1d)

Khalinglum ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

2.3.4Western Kiranti1

Sunwarlung◦girsuffix ‘heart’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang182

Chepangbrəʔmorpheme.hluŋ n.‘confused state of mind’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangbrəʔmorpheme.hluŋ n.‘confused’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghlung ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1b)

Chepanghlung jikmorpheme.sāmorpheme v‘hurt’Hale 73 CSD: 10b1.74

Chepanghluŋ ‘heart’Weidert 87 TBTo: 11

Chepanghluŋ ‘heart’Weidert 87 TBTo: 749

Chepanghluŋ ‘liver’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 112

Chepanghluŋ n.‘heart; centre of feeling in body’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ‘heart’Caughley 72 CVoc: 1.52

Chepanghluŋ bhewʔmorpheme- vr.‘depressed, lifeless’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ bhyamorpheme- vr.‘determined to finish’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ bliŋ- vr.‘capable, ready’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ blyanʔmorpheme- vat.‘give heartburn, indigestion’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ bləwmorpheme- vi.‘regurgitate, retch, gag’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ brawmorpheme- va.‘knowledgeable’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ braŋhmorpheme onom.‘of one mind, like-minded’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ brekmorpheme- vi.‘pain (heart)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ bresmorpheme- vr.‘remain frightened, be confused, not able to think straight’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ cak- vr.‘unwilling, dour’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ciʔ#2670 PTB *syey-s ‘KNOW / UNDERSTAND’PKC *thay-I, thayʔ-II ‘KNOW / ABLE / HEAR’PCN *m-thət ‘KNOW’PTk *tʰej ‘KNOW / SEE’PNN *C̥-yəːy ‘KNOW’PNN *C̥-syəːy ‘LEARN’PLB *šey²/³ ‘KNOW’PL *si² ‘KNOW’- vt.‘know, understand’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ corʔmorpheme- vr.‘jealous, hate’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ cyak#2683 PTB *tsya(k/ŋ) ‘RED / DARK-COLORED / BLACK’- vr.‘uncaring’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ cyak#2683 PTB *tsya(k/ŋ) ‘RED / DARK-COLORED / BLACK’.ryəw#2535 PTB *s-n(y/r)əw ‘DARK / WITHERED / EVIL’.məyʔmorpheme n.‘hard-hearted ones’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dhomorpheme.maymorpheme- vr.‘have peace of mind, be cheered, satisfied’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dhukmorpheme- va.‘nauseated’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dhyutmorpheme- vr.‘bear grudge against’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dhyəwmorpheme- vr.‘mortified, humiliated, unable to speak (because of guilt, fear)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dhəŋmorpheme- vr.‘become content, be settled in mind, be ready’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyanhmorpheme- vi.‘change mind’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyokmorpheme- vr.‘apathetic, uninterested in anything’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyonmorpheme- va.‘have heart pain, angina’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyummorpheme- vr.‘resigned’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyumʔmorpheme- va.‘at ease (mind)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ dyuŋʔmorpheme- vr.‘feel worried or disturbed’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gaʔmorpheme- vi.‘want to flirt’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gesmorpheme- vr.‘feel like teasing, flirting with someone’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ghiʔmorpheme- vi.‘aware, attentive’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ghyummorpheme- vr.‘downcast’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ghəmʔmorpheme- vr.‘subdued, uncommunicative, sullen’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ glyanmorpheme- vri.‘feel nauseated, regurgitate’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gləŋmorpheme- vr.‘harden heart’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gormorpheme.ʔemorpheme adj.‘beloved, much loved’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ goŋʔmorpheme- va.‘have a lying heart’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ grəmh#1842 PTB *g/m/b-raŋ ‘STRONG / FIRM / TENSE’PKC *khraŋ-I, khran-II ‘GROW / INCREASE / RISE’PKC *khrooŋ ‘STRONG’PCN *m-raŋ ‘HARD / STRONG’PNN *raŋ ‘HARD’- va.‘bold, firm, stout-hearted’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gurhmorpheme- vr.‘restless, bored (with place)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ gəmhmorpheme- va.‘confused’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ haʔmorpheme- vr.‘clear-minded, light-hearted, happy, relieved’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ hmətmorpheme- vr.‘satisfied (previous longing), fulfilled’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jaŋ- vrt.‘do well, readily, willingly’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jhahmorpheme- vr.‘long for, wish for (esp. to see, visit)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jhyommorpheme- vr.‘disappointed’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jhyəmmorpheme- vr.‘unsatisfied, unhappy’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jhəmhmorpheme- vr.‘satisfied (longing)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jikmorpheme- vr.‘distressed, sad, insulted, aggrieved, upset’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ jik#1846 PTB *t(u/i)(k/ŋ) ‘HURT / ACHE’-samorpheme ‘hurt (feelings)’Caughley 72 CVoc: 10.B.1.74

Chepanghluŋ jəymorpheme- va.‘without defects, pure, free from evil influence (ch.); be straightforward, direct (speaker)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ keŋmorpheme- va.‘distracted, have divided mind’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ khomorpheme- vi.‘resist temptation’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ khəʔmorpheme- va.‘feel loathing’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ klawmorpheme- vi.‘retch, be nauseated, bring up, regurgitate’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ klotmorpheme- vi.‘change mind, attitude’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ klotmorpheme.kaymorpheme.timorpheme noʔmorpheme- vt.‘come to argument’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kloykmorpheme- vi.‘change attitude (to friend, etc.)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kləmmorpheme- vr.‘dislike person’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kləmhmorpheme- vr.‘cool off (anger)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kləsmorpheme.ʔəŋmorpheme- vr.‘annoyed with’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kləyhmorpheme- vr.‘hard-hearted’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kləŋhmorpheme- vr.‘remain angry’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kraymorpheme- vr.‘pleased with events’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kroŋmorpheme- vi.‘bold, firm’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kryamorpheme- vr.‘envious, jealous’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kryanhmorpheme- vi.‘awake to a need’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ krəmmorpheme- vi.‘stop with shock (heart)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ kəymorpheme.səmorpheme- vr.‘bothered, upset, fed up’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ laymorpheme- vt.‘concentrate on (esp. recalling)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ lemorpheme- vr.‘awake, alert’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ lihmorpheme- vr.‘unhappy, sad’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ liʔmorpheme- vr.‘hard-hearted’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ lyawhmorpheme- vi.‘agree’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ləmorpheme- vr.‘envious, covetous’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ mimorpheme- vr.‘unhappy’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ mromorpheme- vr.‘pleased, happy (with action), accept gesture, gift, explanation, etc.’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ mryamorpheme- vr.‘clear-minded’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ məlhmorpheme- vr.‘angry, indignant’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ nəmorpheme.rəkmorpheme- vi.‘have lump in chest (with emotion or eating)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ phemorpheme- vi.‘die down (anger)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ phenhmorpheme- vr.‘at odds’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ phusmorpheme- vr.‘ready to listen, pay attention, be ready to give’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ phuʔmorpheme- vi.‘frank, blunt (in speech), bold’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ pləwmorpheme- va.‘feel nauseated, gag at’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ pləwʔmorpheme- va.‘not communicative’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ prunhmorpheme- va.‘gnaw (hunger pains)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ prəpmorpheme- vr.‘cheerful, in good spirits, unafraid’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ pəkmorpheme- vi.‘weaken (heart - after high fever)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ resmorpheme- vi.‘reminisce’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ reŋmorpheme- vr.‘have new or different attitude, see in different light’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ rimorpheme- vi.‘flutter, palpitate (heart)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ riŋhmorpheme- vi.‘trembling (usually with fear)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ romorpheme- vr.‘happy (doing something)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ronmorpheme- vr.‘prepared (mentally) to go’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ rosmorpheme- vr.‘desire, covet’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ruykmorpheme- vr.‘want to go with, eagerly anticipate going, look forward to’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ruʔmorpheme- vr.‘worried, concerned, anxious’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ryamorpheme- vr.‘want to go’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ryanʔmorpheme- vr.‘concerned, be thinking about’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ryaŋʔmorpheme- vr.‘anxious, concerned’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ryonmorpheme- vi.‘consider matter (for decision)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ryummorpheme- vr.‘humbled, shamed sorry’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ rəsmorpheme- vr.‘remain angry’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ samorpheme- vr.‘feel miserable’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ sakmorpheme- vt.‘preoccupy, irritate’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ sakmorpheme.ʔayʔmorpheme- vr.‘desire to begin speaking’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ saykmorpheme- vr.‘willing to give, generous’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ seʔmorpheme- vr.‘happy, satisfied’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ sosmorpheme- vi.‘mull over, brood over’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ srammorpheme- vr.‘afraid’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ srawmorpheme- vi.‘beat with fright, shock (heart)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ syaŋmorpheme- vr.‘refreshed, satisfied, content’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ sərhmorpheme- vr.‘non-agressive, easy-going’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ taŋhmorpheme- vr.‘mature minded’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ tetmorpheme- vi.‘have a moving experience’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ thoŋmorpheme- va.‘generous, good’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ tolmorpheme- vr.‘covetous, (ambitious?)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ təykmorpheme- va.‘have heartburn’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ yawʔmorpheme- vt.‘reveal feelings’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ yoyʔmorpheme- vr.‘happy with’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ yummorpheme- vr.‘self-effacing’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ŋahmorpheme.tomorpheme noʔmorpheme- vi.‘speak with knowledge’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ŋas#6172 PTB *ŋas ‘GET / RECEIVE / FIND’PKC *ŋaʔ ‘GET / ATTAIN / POSSESS’- vr.‘crave for’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ŋryaʔmorpheme- va.‘agree, be similar (ideas, speech), free with, fluent’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ŋənəʔmorpheme- vr.‘ready, be willing to work, begin to move’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ʔayhmorpheme- vr.‘generous’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ʔemheʔmorpheme- vt.‘palpitate (heart)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ ʔoŋhmorpheme- vr.‘agreeable’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.(tuk)morpheme klyaymorpheme- vi.‘agree’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.(tuk) kuʔ- vt.‘test someone's reactions, attitudes’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.baŋmorpheme n.‘stone erected on grave, over the heart’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.gomorpheme.remorpheme.coʔmorpheme n.‘much desired, loved child; only child (ext.)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.haŋʔmorpheme sayʔmorpheme- vr.‘wonder’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.haŋʔmorpheme semorpheme- vt.‘remember’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.haŋʔmorpheme tummorpheme- vt.‘know about (someone)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.haŋʔmorpheme tyumhmorpheme- vi.‘mull over’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.haŋʔmorpheme waykmorpheme- va.‘keep in mind’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme romorpheme n.‘centre of feeling, desire’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme romorpheme giʔmorpheme- vr.‘unafraid, bold’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme romorpheme mryamorpheme- vr.‘happy to talk, talkative’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme romorpheme thumhmorpheme- vr.‘recover from sadness’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme romorpheme ʔormorpheme- vi.‘talkative, excited’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme.romorpheme giʔmorpheme- vr.‘unafraid, bold’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.koʔmorpheme.romorpheme thumhmorpheme- vr.‘recover from sadness’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.ruʔmorpheme n.‘concern, worry’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme n.‘mind, centre of emotion, thoughts’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme capmorpheme- vi.‘restrain oneself’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme cokmorpheme- va.‘mature minded, bold’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme dyonmorpheme- vi.‘subside (anger)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme jhelmorpheme- vr.‘clear-minded, have feeling of well-being’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tuk kuʔ.ti yo- vt.‘test reaction’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme kyumorpheme- vt.‘gain confidence’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme laŋmorpheme- va.‘weigh up in mind’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme phalhmorpheme- vi.‘revive previous anger’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme pokmorpheme- vi.‘muse, daydream’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tuk yo- vt.‘find out opinion’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tuk yo- vt.‘test reaction, try out someone’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.tukmorpheme ŋayʔmorpheme- vr.‘satisfy’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.ʔimorpheme sekmorpheme- vt.‘understand, take in (other's words, etc.)’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepanghluŋ.ʔimorpheme ʔalʔmorpheme- vt.‘be enticed, forget oneself’Caughley 00 Chepang

Chepangmik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-luŋ ‘eyeball’Caughley 72 CVoc: 2.A.23

Chepang (Eastern)hluŋ sraw◦naʔ ‘heartbeat’Caughley 90 CheQ: 9.3.1

Chepang (Eastern)hluŋ◦(gore)#820 PTB *(g/k)uŋ ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / INNER PART’PNN *koːŋ ‘EMPTY’TGTM *ᴮkʰuŋ ‘HOLE / PIT’PKir *goŋ ‘HEART’PLB *guŋ² ⪤ *kuŋ² ‘HOLLOW / HOLE / EMPTY’PL *koŋ¹ ‘INSIDE HOUSE’ ‘heart’Caughley 90 CheQ: 9.3

Chepang (Eastern)hluŋ◦tukmorpheme ‘mind / locus of thought’Caughley 90 CheQ: 14.1

Chepang (Eastern)hluŋ◦tukmorpheme ‘heart / locus of emotions’Caughley 90 CheQ: 14.2

Chepang (Eastern)hluŋ◦tukmorpheme ‘heart / locus of personality’Caughley 90 CheQ: 14.3

Chepang (Eastern)mik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦luŋ ‘eyeball’Caughley 90 CheQ: 3.4.2

Kham'miː#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦lang ‘eyeball’Matisoff 87 BP

Kham'mi#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦ləŋ ‘eyeball’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.23

3.1Tangut2

Tangut [Xixia]lɛ ‘heart’Dai 89 Xixi: 9.3

Tangut [Xixia]lɛ ‘mind / heart’Nishida 64 Tan: 88-011

4Nungic11

Anongñi⁵⁵#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ ɹɯm³¹ ‘heart’Sun J 88 Ano

Rawangnə#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’◦rɯm³¹ ‘heart’LaPolla 03: 161

Rawangrɯm³¹ naŋ³³ ‘friend’LaPolla 03: 235

Nungȵi³¹#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ɹɯm³¹ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.21

Anongȵi⁵⁵#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ɹɯm³¹ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.44

Trung [Dulong]ɹɯ³¹mɔ̆ʔ⁵⁵#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.46

Dulongɹɯ³¹mɛʔ⁵⁵#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.20

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)ɹɯ³¹ mɔ̆ʔ⁵⁵#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)ɹɯ³¹ sɯ⁵⁵ ‘lung’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)ɹɯ³¹ mɔ̆ʔ⁵⁵#1384 PTB *ma(k/ŋ) ‘GUTS / BELLY / VITAL ORGAN’ ‘heart’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)ɹɯ³¹ sɯ⁵³ ‘lung’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1.1Burmish66

Achang (Lianghe)n̥u⁵⁵#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ luŋ⁵⁵ ‘heart’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ ‘round’LaPolla 87: 142

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ clf‘classifier for bowls’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0836.28

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ clf‘classifier for eggs’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0841.28

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ ‘circle / circular’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0990.28

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ ‘round’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 807.41

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ ‘classifier for e.g. bowls’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 949.41

Achang (Longchuan)lum³¹ ‘classifier for grains’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 955.41

Achang (Longchuan)lɔʔ⁵⁵morphemelum³¹ n‘bracelet’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0487.28

Achang (Longchuan)lɔʔ⁵⁵morphemelum³¹ ‘bracelet’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 373.41

Achang (Longchuan)ȵ̥a⁵⁵#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lum³¹ ‘heart’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Luxi)lɔm³¹ ‘clf for bowls’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Luxi)nɯk⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔm³⁵ ‘heart’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Xiandao)kuʔ⁵⁵#5817 PTB *kuk ‘RICE / GRAIN (CROP)’lum³¹ n‘rice (unhusked)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0409.29

Achang (Xiandao)lum³¹ clf‘classifier for bowls’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0836.29

Achang (Xiandao)lum³¹ clf‘classifier for eggs’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0841.29

Achang (Xiandao)lum³¹ clf‘grain (of rice)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0845.29

Achang (Xiandao)lum³¹ clf‘classifier for rocks, stones’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0859.29

Achang (Xiandao)lum³¹ ‘circle / circular’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0990.29

Achang (Xiandao)n̥ɔʔ³¹#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lum³¹ ‘heart’Dai 89 Xian: 172

Bola (Luxi)lam³¹ ‘circle / circular (tubular)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0990.32

Bola (Luxi)lam³¹tʃaŋ³⁵ v.‘believe / trust’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1725.32

Bolana̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lam³¹ ‘heart’Dai 89 Bola: 172

Bola (Luxi)na̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lam³¹ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.32

Burmese (Rangoon)hnɑ⁵³#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lõ⁵⁵ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.27

Burmese (Rangoon)lõ⁵⁵ clf‘classifier for bowls’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0836.27

Burmese (Rangoon)lõ⁵⁵ clf‘classifier for eggs’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0841.27

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)bɔ⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’lõ⁵⁵ ‘ball’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 501.40

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)lõ⁵⁵ ‘classifier for e.g. bowls’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 949.40

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)n̥ɑ⁵³#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lõ⁵⁵ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.40

Burmese (Written)hnac#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’-lûm ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB

Burmese (Written)hnɑ¹#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’luṁ³ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.39

Burmese (Written)hnɒ¹#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’luṁ³ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.26

Burmese (Written)hnə#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lûm ( <x hnac#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’-lûm) ‘heart’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 256

Burmese (Written)lûm ‘heart’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 256

Burmese (Written)luṁ³ clf‘classifier for bowls’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0836.26

Burmese (Written)luṁ³ clf‘classifier for eggs’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0841.26

Burmese (Written)luṁ³ ‘classifier for e.g. bowls’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 949.39

Burmese (Written)luṁ¹lɑ¹hri¹ ‘industrious / hardworking’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1111.26

Burmese (Written)luṁ¹lɑ¹hri¹ ‘diligent’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 906.39

Burmese (Written)luṁʼ-laʼ ‘( prn. lûm-la' ) diligence, industry’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)myak#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-lûm ‘eyeball’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)sɑ²morphemeluṁ³ ‘word / character’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 495.39

Hpun (Metjo)lɛʔ⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lɑŋ⁴ ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Hpun (Northern)lɛ̀ʔ#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’◦làŋ ‘heart’Henderson 86 Hpun

Langsu (Luxi)na̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lam³⁵ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.31

Lashinə̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔm³³ ‘heart’Dai 89 Lash: 9.3

Leqi (Luxi)nə̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lɔm³³ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.33

Marmaəprefix◦hnə#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’◦lúŋ ‘heart’Huziwara 08 Sak: 35

Maru [Langsu]na̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lam³⁵ ‘heart’Dai 89 Lang: 9.3

Maru [Langsu]pɔ³³#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’luŋ⁵⁵ ‘ball’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 501.43

Taung-Yonă#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’◦lo² ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Taung-Yoneʔ¹#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lõ² ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Atsi [Zaiwa]a⁵⁵prefixlu̱m²¹ ‘affectionate / intimate’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1121.30

Atsi [Zaiwa]lom⁴ ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Atsi [Zaiwa]ni̱k⁵⁵#1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lu̱m²¹ ‘heart’Xu 84 Zaiwa

Atsi [Zaiwa]po²¹#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’luŋ⁵¹ ‘ball’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 501.42

Atsi [Zaiwa]tʃiŋ⁵⁵morpheme; lum⁵¹tʃiŋ⁵⁵morpheme ‘believe’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 721.42

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish6

Nusu (Southern)n̥i³¹#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ ʔlɑ⁵⁵ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Northern)n̥i⁵³#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔ³⁵ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)ȵ̥i̱³¹#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔ̱⁵³ ‘heart’Dai 89 NusA: 172.

Nusu (Central)ȵ̥i̱⁵³#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔ⁵³ ‘heart’Dai 89 NusB: 172.

Nusu (Central)ʔĩ³¹#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ lɔ⁵³ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Bijiang)ʔĩ³¹#297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’lɔ⁵⁵ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.45

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Ahine̱³³#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ lo²² zo²¹#1012 PTB *za-n ‘CHILD’MesorootsPKC *θaa ‘CHILD / OFFSPRING / SON / DAUGHTER’PBG *sa ‘CHILD’Allofams1 #428 PTB *tsa-n ⪤ *za-n ‘CHILD / SON / RELATIVES’1a #1012 PTB *za-n ‘CHILD’1b #2727 PTB *tsa-n ‘CHILD / GRANDCHILD / NEPHEW / NIECE’ ‘eyeball’Luo 90: 3.4.2

7Karenic6

Karentθa̱⁵⁵#32 PTB *m-sak ‘BREATH(E) / LIFE’PCN *sak ‘BREATH’phiø³¹ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.50

Kayan (Pekon)θà#32 PTB *m-sak ‘BREATH(E) / LIFE’PCN *sak ‘BREATH’◦pʰlôn N‘heart’Manson 10 Kayan

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)da³¹#32 PTB *m-sak ‘BREATH(E) / LIFE’PCN *sak ‘BREATH’ pʰlø³¹ ‘heart’Dai 89 KarB: 179.1

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)tθa̱⁵⁵#32 PTB *m-sak ‘BREATH(E) / LIFE’PCN *sak ‘BREATH’ pʰlø³¹ ‘heart’Dai 89 KarB: 179

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)θa̱ʔ⁵⁵#32 PTB *m-sak ‘BREATH(E) / LIFE’PCN *sak ‘BREATH’ pʰlɛ³¹ ‘heart’Dai 89 KarA: 179

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1381, *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1381

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: STC p.120

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1381,
  title  = {{*m-lu(ŋ/m) 'HEART / ROUND'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1381},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1381}
}