The Body › Internal Organs › Heart

STEDT #297

*s-ni

HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handleniprefixsinitialnrhymeicoverM · V

Connections

Allofams

1 #689 *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’
1a #251 *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’
1b #1385 *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’
1c #297 *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’

HPTB (PLB)*ʔ-ni³ ‘heart / mind / brain’p. 347

See also*s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’

Notes

The semantic center of gravity of this root seems to be HEART / CHEST / BREAST, so that it appears ultimately related to #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ BRAIN / HEART / MIND and #1385 PTB *s/k-nik HEART / MIND.

Reflexes & cognates219 reflexes · 15 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

*Tibeto-Burmans-ni ‘heart / brains / mind’Matisoff 78 VSTB

1.1.1.1Western Tani1

Apataniaprefix-ñi ‘breast’Sun J 93 Tani

6.1.1Burmish1

Achang (Lianghe)ȵi³¹ sɑi³¹morpheme ‘chest (of body)’Dai 85 AcJZ

6.1.2Loloish7

*Loloishni³ ‘heart’Bradley 79 PLo: 142

*Loloishni³ ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Lolophone⁴⁴ tɕhi⁴⁴morpheme ‘rib’Dai 89 Lolo: 5.1.2

Lolophoȵi̱⁴⁴ mo³³suffix ‘heart’Dai 89 Lolo: 9.3

Lolophoȵi̱⁴⁴ mo³³suffix tʂo³³#299 PTB *tsu-N ‘CHEST’ tse³¹morpheme ‘chest’Dai 89 Lolo: 5.1

Lolophoȵi̱⁴⁴ mo³³suffix tʂo³³#299 PTB *tsu-N ‘CHEST’ tshe³¹morpheme ‘bosom’Dai 89 Lolo: 1.9

PNLs-nik ᴸ ‘heart’Chen 86 CS: 174.

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish46

Gazhuoŋ²⁴mɑ³³suffix ‘heart’Mu 03 Gazhuo

Gazhuoŋ³⁵ ma³³suffix mɛ³³morpheme ‘heart’Dai 89 Gazh: 9.3

Gazhuoŋ³⁵ ma³³suffix mɛ³³morpheme ‘heartbeat’Dai 89 Gazh: 9.3.1

Gazhuoŋ³⁵ma³³suffixmɛ³³morpheme ‘heart’Dai 91 TB15

Lalon-maqsuffix ‘heart’Björverud 94

Laloʔm̩³³ tu̪⁵⁵#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ kʰe⁵⁵morpheme ‘bosom’Chen 86 Yi: 1.9

Laloʔm̩³³ tu̪⁵⁵#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ kʰe⁵⁵#3398 PTB *ki ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1

Laloʔm̱ˌ²¹ ma²¹suffix ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Liphonɯ⁵⁵gɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1.2

Liphoȵi̱³³ ‘heart’suffixChen 86 CS: 174.

Liphoȵi̱³³mo³³suffix ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Luquanni 22s ‘heart’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 146(a)

Nasune²¹ pʰa̱³³#1305 PTB *pa(ŋ/k) ‘SIDE’PKC *ɓa(a)ŋ ⪤ *pa(a)ŋ ‘WALL / FLANK / SIDE’PTk *bak ‘SIDE’ ‘rib’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1.2

Nasuñi 32s ‘heart’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 146(a)

Nasuni̱² ‘heart’Chen 86 CS: 174.

Nasuȵi̱²¹ mo̱²¹suffix ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Neisunɪ³³ ‘heart’Chen 86 CS: 174.

Nesuȵi̱³³ ‘heart’Chen 86 CS: 174.

Nesuȵi̱³³ ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Nesuȵi̱³³ mo²¹morpheme po³³morpheme ‘bosom’Chen 86 Yi: 1.9

Nesuȵi̱³³ mo²¹suffix po³³#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’ ‘chest’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1

Nusu (Southern)n̥i³¹ ʔlɑ⁵⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Northern)n̥i⁵³ lɔ³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)ȵ̥i̱³¹ lɔ̱⁵³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 NusA: 172.

Nusu (Central)ȵ̥i̱⁵³ lɔ⁵³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 NusB: 172.

Nusu (Central)ʔĩ³¹ lɔ⁵³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Bijiang)ʔĩ³¹lɔ⁵⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.45

Yi (Dafang)ne³³ mo²¹suffix ‘heart’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Dafang)ne³³ tu³³#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Dafang)ne³³mo²¹suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.22

Yi (Dafang)ne³³tu³³#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.22

Yi (Lishan)nɛ̱³³ mo³¹suffix ‘chest’Dai 87 Gazh

Yi (Mile)ni̱³³mo³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.25

Yi (Mile)ni̱³³te̱³³morphemegu̱²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.25

Yi (Mojiang)ni̱³³mo²¹suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.26

Yi (Mojiang)ni̱³³mo²¹suffixgo²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’de²¹morpheme ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.26

Yi (Nanhua)ȵi̱³³mo³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.24

Yi (Nanhua)ȵi̱³³mo³³suffixtʂo³³#299 PTB *tsu-N ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.24

Yi (Nanjian)n̩(ɿ)³³ du⁵⁵#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ kɑ⁵⁵#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Nanjian)n̩(ɿ)³³du⁵⁵#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’kɑ⁵⁵#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.23

Yi (Wuding)ne¹¹ɤɯ³³#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ n‘rib’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0135.38

Yi (Xide)he³³ ma⁵⁵suffix ‘heart’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Xide)he³³ma⁵⁵suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.21

Yi (Xide)he³³mɑ⁵⁵suffix n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.35

Yi (Xide)hᴇ³³-ma⁵⁵suffix ‘heart’Chen 79 YiCh

Yi (Xide)hᴇ³³-ma⁵⁵suffix bo²¹morpheme-zɯ³³morpheme ‘atrium of heart’Chen 79 YiCh

6.1.2.2Central Loloish100

Lolo (Ni)gn(i)◦màːsuffix ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Ahini̱³³ mo²²suffix ‘heart’Luo 90: 9.3

Ahini̱³³ mo³³suffix ‘heart / locus of emotions’Luo 90: 14.2

Ahini̱³³ mo³³suffix zo²¹morpheme ‘mind / locus of thought’Luo 90: 14.1

Ahini̱³³ te̱³³morpheme gu̱²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘bosom’Luo 90: 1.9

Ahini̱³³ te̱³³morpheme gu̱²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Luo 90: 5.1

Ahini̱³³ te̱³³morpheme gu̱²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’⁀ɛ³³morpheme i³³ nɯ̱³³ ‘chest hair’Luo 90: 8.1.3.2

Ahini̱³³ tʂo²²morpheme ‘heartbeat’Luo 90: 9.3.1

Ahini̱³³ ʑi²²morpheme ‘heart / locus of personality’Luo 90: 14.3

Ahini̱³³mo³³ ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Ahinɯ̱³³ ɣɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Luo 90: 5.1.2

Ahinɯ³³gu²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1.2

Ahiȵi̱³³ ‘heart’Chen 86 CS: 174.

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a³³prefix nɛ⁴⁴ ‘rib’Dai 89 JinA: 168

Jinuoa³³prefixnɛ⁵⁵ n‘rib’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0135.44

Jinuo (Youle)n̥ə⁴² kʰɑ⁴²#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Gai 86

Jinuo (Youle)n̥ə⁴² sɤ⁴⁴#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Gai 86

Jinuon̥ə⁴²kha⁴²#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.34

Jinuonɤ⁴²sɤ⁴⁴#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.44

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)nɯ³¹ kʰa³¹#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Dai 89 JinA: 120

Jinuo (Baka)n̥ɯ³¹ kʰa³¹#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Dai 89 JinB: 120

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)nɯ³¹ sɯ⁴⁴#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Dai 89 JinA: 179

Jinuo (Baka)n̥ɯ³¹ sɯ⁴⁴#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Dai 89 JinB: 179

Kucongȵi33 mʌ33suffix ɕi35morpheme ‘heart (organ)’Dai 09 Kucong

Lahuni-masuffix ‘heart / brains / mind’Matisoff 78 VSTB

*Common Lahuni: ‘heart’Bradley 79 PLo: 142

Lahu (Shehleh)ni:◦ma:suffix◦shiˍmorpheme ‘heart’Bradley 79 Lahu: 142

Lahu (Nyi)nyi:◦ma:suffix◦shiˍmorpheme ‘heart’Bradley 79 Lahu: 142

Lahu (Lancang)ni³³ku⁵³#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ n‘rib’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0135.43

Lahu (Lancang)ni³³mɑ³³suffixɕi¹¹morpheme n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.43

Lahu (Black)ni-kû#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ~ n̥-kû#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘rib’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ni-masuffix ‘heart’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 146(b)

Lahu (Black)ni-masuffix-pɨ#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’(◦šī#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’) ‘chest’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ni-masuffix-qa#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’-pɨ#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’ ‘chest’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ni³³ ma³³suffix pɯ³³#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’ ‘chest (of body)’Chang 86

Lahu (Black)ni³³ ma³³suffix si¹¹#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Chang 86

Lahu (Black)niː◦maːsuffix ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Lahu (Black)ɔ³¹#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ni³³mᴀ³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.33

Lahu (Yellow)ȵi³³ pɯ³³#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’ ‘chest (of body)’Chang 86

Lahu (Yellow)ȵi³³ ɕiʔ²¹#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘heart’Chang 86

Lahu (Bakeo)ni:◦shiˍmorpheme ‘heart’Bradley 79 Lahu: 142

Lahu (Banlan)ni:◦ma:suffix◦shiˍmorpheme ‘heart’Bradley 79 Lahu: 142

Lisu (Northern)la²¹#5560 PTB *k-la ‘TIGER’PNN *C-gya ‘TIGER’PLB *(k-)la ‘TIGER’ma³³morpheme nø³³gu²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘tiger's rib’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisunē'-gu⁵#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘rib’Matisoff 87 BP

Lisu (Putao)ne³gu⁵#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘side of body, rib’Luce 85: V.52

Lisune³³gu³¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ n‘rib’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0135.40

Lisu (Central)nē¹-gu⁵#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ n.‘rib’Fraser 22

Lisu (Theng-yüeh)nē¹gu⁵#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘side of body, rib’Luce 85: V.52

Lisu (Northern)ne⁴⁴gu²¹#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ N‘rib; chop’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisuni² -ma³suffix ‘heart / brains / mind’Matisoff 78 VSTB

Lisuni²-ma³suffix ‘heart’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 146(a)

Lisu (Central)ni²-ma³suffix ‘heart’Fraser 22

Lisu (Central)ni²-shï³morpheme ‘love’Fraser 22

Lisuni²ma³suffix ‘heart’Bradley 79 PLo: 142

Lisu (Putao)ni²ma³suffix ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Lisu (Theng-yüeh)ni²ma³suffix ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ N‘heart; cf. ni³⁵ma³³’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Nujiang)ni³⁵ mɑ³³suffix ‘heart’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisu (Nujiang)ni³⁵ nu³³morpheme ‘love’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵khɔʔ²¹morpheme ‘concern; sympathy; care for; love and protect’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffix N‘centre ; core; heart of the matter; the heart organ; mental, spirit; conscience; psychology; mind; cf. ni³⁵’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffix khu²¹morphemekwa³³morpheme ‘heart; bottom of heart; in the pit of stomach’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffix kɯ³³morpheme ‘bear grudges; always remember in heart; harbour resentment’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffix læ²¹morphemekwa³³morphemety³⁵morpheme ‘heart is in the hand (with’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffixfu³³morpheme ‘hard of heart; upright and frank; harsh attitude’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffixkhu²¹morpheme ‘pit of stomach; chest; bottom of heart’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffixtɕe³³morpheme ‘nucleus; in the heart; at the bottom of heart’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ma³³suffixtɕwa³³morpheme ‘main artery; heart string; conscience’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisuni³⁵mɑ³³suffix n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.40

Lisuni³⁵mɑ³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.27

Lisuni³⁵nu³³morpheme ‘love / like’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1126.40

Lisuni³⁵nu³³morpheme ‘love’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 719.27

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ny³³morpheme ‘love; like; enjoy; care for’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ny³³morphemesu³³morpheme ‘loved one; one at heart’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵phu³³morpheme ‘willing; like; enjoy’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵sa³³morpheme mja³³morphemesa³³morpheme ‘relaxed and happy’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵tʃhɿ²¹morpheme ‘heart-broken’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ɤ⁴⁴morpheme ‘have (idea or ideal) in heart’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisuni³⁵ʃi̱³³morpheme ‘like (to eat)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1127.40

Lisuni³⁵ʃi̱³³morpheme v.‘like / love’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1714.40

Lisu (Northern)ni³⁵ʃɿ³³morpheme ‘like; enjoy; willing’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Central)nū⁴ ‘like (love)’Fraser 22

Lisu (Central)nū⁴ v.‘love’Fraser 22

Lisu (Northern)phi²¹morphemekhwa³³morpheme ni³⁵khwa³³morpheme ‘evil (ugly in appearance and wicked in heart)’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)phi²¹morpheme◦khwa³³morpheme ni³⁵ ma²¹suffix khwmorpheme ‘ugly in appearance but kind in heart’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Central)phjø²¹morphemekhwa⁴⁴morpheme ni³⁵khwa⁴⁴morpheme ‘evil (ugly in appearance and wicked in heart)’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)thi²¹morpheme ni³⁵ thi²¹morphemewa²¹morpheme ‘heart and soul; earnestly and sincerely; whole-heartedly’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)thi²¹morpheme ni³⁵ma³³suffix ‘with one heart; think the same’Bradley 94 Lisu

Sani [Nyi]ni̱³³(mɒ³³suffix) ‘heart’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]ni̱³³tu³³#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’qɒ³³#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]nɤ³³ ɣɯ¹¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Ma 89 SanQ: 322.4

Sani [Nyi]nɤ³³ɣɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1.2

Yi (Sani)nɤ⁵⁵ɣɯ¹¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ n‘rib’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0135.39

Sani [Nyi]nɯ̱³³ɣɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]nɯ̱⁴⁴ ɣɯ²¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Wu 84: 104.1

Sani [Nyi]n̩⁴⁴ tv̩⁴⁴#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ qɑ³³#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Ma 89 SanQ: 323.5

Sani [Nyi]n̩⁴⁴mɑ³³suffix ‘heart’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3

Sani [Nyi]n̩⁴⁴mɑ³³suffixpɪ⁴⁴#276 PTB *(p/b)i ‘ROUNDED PART / NIPPLE / FOREHEAD / SHOULDER’be⁴⁴morpheme ‘heartbeat’Chen 86 Yi: 9.3.1

Sani [Nyi]n̩⁴⁴tu⁴⁴#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’qɑ³³#310 PTB *k(w)a ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Chen 86 Yi: 5.1

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish28

Akhanui-ma M-M ‘heart’suffix · suffixMatisoff 72 LTSR: 146(b)

Akhany ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Akha (Yunnan)ny masuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Akha (Thai)ny-masuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Kao Hua-Nien)nu 33 ‘heart’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 146(b)

Hani (Lüchun)ny masuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Dazhai)nɯ³³ ma³³suffix ‘heart’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Dazhai)nɯ³³ ɣa³³#288 PTB *b/g-raŋ ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Dazhai)nɯ³³ma³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.31

Hani (Dazhai)nɯ³³ɣa³³#288 PTB *b/g-raŋ ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.31

Hani (Lüchun)nɯ³³ma³³suffix n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.41

Hani (Pijo)nə ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Pijo)nə mɔsuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Caiyuan)nɤ̱³³ mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)nɤ̱³³mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.30

Hani (Caiyuan)nɤ̱³¹ kʰe̱³¹#3398 PTB *ki ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)nɤ³¹khe̱³¹morpheme ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.30

Hani (Gelanghe)nɯ³³ ma³³suffix ‘heart’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Wordlist)nee◦masuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Shuikui)nɯ³³ mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)nɯ³³ tʰu³¹#289 PTB *m-twa(k/ŋ) ‘CHEST / BREAST / RIB’PTk *tʰik ‘LUNG / CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)nɯ³³ ɣɔ³³#288 PTB *b/g-raŋ ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)nɯ³³mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.32

Hani (Khatu)nə ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Khatu)nə mosuffix ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Hani (Mojiang)nɯ³³mɔ³³suffix n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.42

Mpino⁴ ‘heart’Hansson 89 AHKP: 307

Mpino⁴wo⁴morpheme ‘heart’Bradley 79 PLo

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish7

Azhani⁴⁴mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Pelkey 11 Phula: 315

Southern Mujiȵi³³ma²¹suffix ‘heart’Pelkey 11 Phula: 315

Pholanɨ⁵⁵ɣɯ³¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Pelkey 11 Phula: 310

Pholaȵi³¹mɔ̠²³suffix ‘heart’Pelkey 11 Phula: 315

Hlepho Phowan̩²¹ma³³suffix ‘heart’Pelkey 11 Phula: 315

Phuzaȵi⁵⁵mɔ³³suffix ‘heart’Pelkey 11 Phula: 315

Phuzaȵi⁵⁵ɣə⁵⁵#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘rib’Pelkey 11 Phula: 310

6.2Naxi21

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɲi˩mie˩suffix ‘heart; also: state of mind’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 336

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɲi˩mie˩morpheme dzɯ˩morpheme ‘courage’[Source note] big heartMichaud 06 NaLaze: 1452

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɲi˩mie˩morpheme qʰɔ˥morpheme gv˥morpheme tsʰi˧˥morpheme v.‘remember’[Source note] to put in the heartMichaud 06 NaLaze: 2793

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɲi˩mjæ˩morpheme hũ˧˥morpheme v.‘worry for someone’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 2661

Laze (Xiangjiao)ɲi˩mjæ˩morpheme qʰɔ˥morpheme ‘chest’[Source note] suggests an empty space around the heart, “the cavity of the heart.”Michaud 06 NaLaze: 328

Na (Yongning)(nv˩mi˩˧suffix) ɖɯ˧morpheme-v˧morpheme-ni˩morphemegv˩morpheme ‘getting along well’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)nv˩mi˩suffix ‘heart; also: state of mind’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)nv˩mi˩suffix-ki˧morphemeki˩morpheme ‘with similar mood/frame of mind’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)nv˩mi˩suffixɖɯ˩˧morpheme ‘courage’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)nv˩mi˩suffixʈʰi˩˧morpheme ‘weak, worn out’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)nv˩mi˩˧suffix ɖɯ˧morpheme-ɭɯ˧morpheme tsɤ˧morpheme ‘in sympathy, in unison’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Naxi (Eastern)ni³¹mi¹³suffix ‘heart’He 85

Naxi (Yongning)nv³³mi¹³suffixdɿ¹³morpheme ‘courage’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 514.29

Naxi (Western)nv⁵⁵me³³suffix ‘heart’He 85

Naxinv̩⁵⁵me³³suffix n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.45

Naxi (Lijiang)nv⁵⁵me³³suffix ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.28

Naxi (Lijiang)nv⁵⁵me³³suffix ‘courage’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 514.28

Naxi (Western)nv⁵⁵me³³suffixkv³³#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘chest (of body)’He 85

Naxinv̩⁵⁵me³³suffixkv̩³³#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ n‘chest’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0093.45

Naxi (Lijiang)nv⁵⁵me³³suffixkv³³#560 PTB *k(r)u ‘CHEST / RIB’PCN *t-kuʔ ‘CHEST’TGTM *ᴬku ‘CHEST’ ‘chest’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 257.28

Naxinv̩⁵⁵me³³suffixtɕhi⁵⁵morpheme ‘sad’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1120.45

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #297, *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/297

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-297,
  title  = {{*s-ni 'HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #297},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/297}
}