Reconstruction analysis
handles/k-prefixs/kinitialnrhymeiksuffix(coverM · T
Connections
Allofams
- 1 #689 *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’
- 1a #251 *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’
- 1b #1385 *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’
- 1c #297 *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’
Poss. allofam*s-diŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’
Notes
This root is distinct but closely related to #297 PTB *s-ni HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB and #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ BRAIN / HEART / MIND. In general it is more ‘hearty’, while #297 PTB *s-ni HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB is more ‘chesty’ .
Reflexes & cognates51 reflexes · 4 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)3
*Tibeto-Burmans-niŋ#251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’MesorootsPTk *niŋ ‘MIND / THINK / SOUL’PLB *s-niŋ³ ‘HEART’Allofams1 #689 PTB *s/k-n(y)i-k/ŋ ‘HEART / MIND / BRAIN’1a #251 PTB *s/k-niŋ ‘BRAIN / HEART / MIND’1b #1385 PTB *s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’1c #297 PTB *s-ni ‘HEART / BREAST / CHEST / RIB’ ⪤ s-nik ‘heart / mind / brain’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 604
3.3.1rGyalrong1
6.1Lolo-Burmese1
6.1.1Burmish50
Achang (Luxi)nɯk⁵⁵ lɔm³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Xiandao)n̥ɔʔ³¹ lum³¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 Xian: 172
Achang (Xiandao)n̥ɔʔ³¹lum³¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.29
Bolana̱k⁵⁵ lam³¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 Bola: 172
Bola (Luxi)na̱k⁵⁵lam³¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.32
Burmese (Rangoon)hnɑ⁵³lõ⁵⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.27
Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)n̥ɑ⁵³lõ⁵⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.40
Burmese (Written)hnac-lûm#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Matisoff 78 VSTB
Burmese (Written)hnɑ¹luṁ³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.39
Burmese (Written)hnɒ¹luṁ³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.26
Burmese (Written)hnə lûm#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ( <x hnac-lûm#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’) ‘heart’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 256
Hpun (Metjo)lɛʔ⁵lɑŋ⁴#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24
Hpun (Northern)lɛ̀ʔ◦làŋ#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Henderson 86 Hpun
Langsu (Luxi)na̱k⁵⁵lam³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.31
Lashinə̱k⁵⁵ lɔm³³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 Lash: 9.3
Lashinə̱k⁵⁵ lɔm³³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heartbeat’Dai 89 Lash: 9.3.1
Leqi (Luxi)nə̱k⁵⁵lɔm³³#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.33
Marmaəprefix◦hnə◦lúŋ#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Huziwara 08 Sak: 35
Maru [Langsu]na̱k⁵⁵ lam³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Dai 89 Lang: 9.3
Maru [Langsu]na̱k⁵⁵ lam³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heartbeat’Dai 89 Lang: 9.3.1
Maru [Langsu]na̱k⁵⁵lam³⁵#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.43
Taung-Yonă◦lo²#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24
Taung-Yoneʔ¹lõ²#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Luce 85: U.24
Atsi [Zaiwa]ni̱k⁵⁵ lu̱m²¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Xu 84 Zaiwa
Atsi [Zaiwa]ni̱k⁵⁵lu̱m²¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ n‘heart’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0144.30
Atsi [Zaiwa]ni̱k⁵⁵lu̱m²¹#1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’MesorootsPKC *luŋ ‘HEART / LIVER’PCN *m-luŋ ‘HEART / BE ROUND’PCN *ləm ‘HEAD / HEART / MIND’PTk *luŋ ‘HEART’Allofams2 #5731 PTB *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’2a #690 PTB *s-lum ‘ROUND’2b #1427 PTB *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’2c #1381 PTB *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’ ‘heart’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 272.42
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #1385,
*s/k-nik ‘HEART / MIND’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1385Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. HPTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1385,
title = {{*s/k-nik 'HEART / MIND'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1385},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1385}
}