STEDT #1427
*b-lum
EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT
Reconstruction analysis
handlelumprefixbinitiallrhymeumcoverL · N
Connections
Allofams
- 2 #5731 *s-lum ⪤ *b/m-lu(m/ŋ) ‘ROUND / ROUND OBJECT / HEART / EYEBALL’
- 2a #690 *s-lum ‘ROUND’
- 2b #1427 *b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’
- 2c #1381 *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’
HPTB*zlum ‘round’pp. 78, 272
See alsos*s-lum ‘ROUND’, #1020, #1164, #1165, *m-lu(ŋ/m) ‘HEART / ROUND’
Poss. allofam#1020
Notes
The vocalism of the Tujia reflexes varies from -o to -a, leading to the hypothesis that the Proto-Tujia form was something like *lwa. Several Northern Tujia forms actually have the vocalism -uo.
Reflexes & cognates121 reflexes · 8 subgroups
1.1.2Deng40
Darang [Taraon]blm-um#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘eyelash’Matisoff 87 BP
Darang [Taraon]bɯ³¹lɯm⁵⁵ m̩⁵⁵#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘eyebrow’Sun H 80 MLD
Iduemorpheme◦lõ◦mo#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘eyelash’Pulu 78
2.1.2Bodic1
Tshona (Mama)ɬᴀ⁵⁵ pu⁵³#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘eye’Sun H 80 MLD
3.2Qiangic13
Guiqiongȵɑ³⁵#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ lũ⁵⁵ ‘eyeball’Sun H 91 GuiQ
Muya [Minyak]mi⁵⁵#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’kɯ³³#1110 PTB *ka ‘BALL / EGG / TESTICLE / EYEBALL’lø³⁵ ‘eyeball’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.4.2
Namuyimiɛ⁵⁵#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’sɿ³³#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ly⁵⁵ ‘eyeball’Sun H 91 NamQ: 3.4.2
Namuyisɿ⁵⁵#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’ly⁵⁵ ‘liver’Sun H 91 NamQ: 9.5
Namuyisɿ⁵⁵#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’ly⁵⁵ ‘liver’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 273.19
Namuyitʂɿ³³#227 PTB *m/s-kri(y)-s ‘GALL (BLADDER) / BILE / SOUR’PCN *a-sə ‘BILE / GALL BLADDER’PTk *tʰi ‘BILE’ly⁵⁵ ‘gall bladder’Sun H 91 NamQ: 9.5.2
Namuyitʂɿ³³#227 PTB *m/s-kri(y)-s ‘GALL (BLADDER) / BILE / SOUR’PCN *a-sə ‘BILE / GALL BLADDER’PTk *tʰi ‘BILE’ly⁵⁵ ‘gall’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 275.19
Namuyitʂɿ³¹#227 PTB *m/s-kri(y)-s ‘GALL (BLADDER) / BILE / SOUR’PCN *a-sə ‘BILE / GALL BLADDER’PTk *tʰi ‘BILE’lu̵⁵⁵ nbp‘gall bladder’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0147.46
Qiang (Mawo)nu#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦ʁlu ‘eyeball’Sun J 86 Mawo
Qiang (Mawo)nə#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ ʁlu ‘eyeball’Sun H 91 MawQ: 3.4.2
3.3rGyalrongic1
Ergong (Northern)meɣ⁵³#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ rlu¹³ ‘eyeball’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 3.4.2
5Tujia24
Tujiaa²¹prefix la⁵⁵ a²¹prefix so²¹#370 PTB *(t)su-ŋ ‘HAIR / MANE / BEARD’PKar *chuNᴮ ‘FEATHER / FUR / BODY HAIR’ ‘eyebrow’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.4.3
Tujiaa²¹prefix la⁵⁵ tsʰe³⁵#298 PTB *m-t(w)əy-n ⪤ *m-ti-s ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID / RIVER / SOAK / SPIT’PKC *tuy ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID’PTk *dɨ ‘WATER’PLB *m/ʔ-titᴴ ‘WET / SOAK’PKar *thejᴬ ‘WATER’ ‘tears’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.4.6
Tujiaa²¹prefix la⁵⁵ tɕi³⁵#3559 PTB *dzəy ‘SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT’PKC *tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PKC *khlaay-tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PCN *ma-tʃəjʔ ‘SEED’PTk *tʰa ‘SEED’ ‘eye’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.4
Tujiaa³⁵prefix la⁵⁵ bu²¹#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘eyeball’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.4.2
Tujia (Northern)li¹morphemekuo¹#665 PTB *kwar ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / INNARDS’PKC *kuar ‘HOLLOW / SUNKEN’PKC *kua ‘HOLE / BURROW / CAVITY’PKC *khur ⪤ *khor ‘DITCH / HOLE / PIT / WELL (n.)’PCN *a-ku ⪤ *a-khən ‘HOLE’PTk *kʰur ‘HOLE / ANUS’PNN *gor ‘HOLE / CAVE’luo¹ ‘heart’Brassett 06 Tujia: 2.1
Tujiali⁵⁵morpheme kʰo⁵⁵#665 PTB *kwar ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / INNARDS’PKC *kuar ‘HOLLOW / SUNKEN’PKC *kua ‘HOLE / BURROW / CAVITY’PKC *khur ⪤ *khor ‘DITCH / HOLE / PIT / WELL (n.)’PCN *a-ku ⪤ *a-khən ‘HOLE’PTk *kʰur ‘HOLE / ANUS’PNN *gor ‘HOLE / CAVE’ lo³⁵ ‘heart’Chen 86 TuBQ: 9.3
Tujia (Northern)li⁵⁵morpheme kʰo⁵⁵#665 PTB *kwar ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / INNARDS’PKC *kuar ‘HOLLOW / SUNKEN’PKC *kua ‘HOLE / BURROW / CAVITY’PKC *khur ⪤ *khor ‘DITCH / HOLE / PIT / WELL (n.)’PCN *a-ku ⪤ *a-khən ‘HOLE’PTk *kʰur ‘HOLE / ANUS’PNN *gor ‘HOLE / CAVE’ lo³⁵ ‘heart’Tian 86
Tujia (Northern)lo³⁵ pu³⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘eye’Tian 86
Tujia (Northern)lo³⁵ pu³⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ pɨe⁵⁵#187 PTB *b-ləy-k ‘TEARS’ tsʰe²¹#298 PTB *m-t(w)əy-n ⪤ *m-ti-s ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID / RIVER / SOAK / SPIT’PKC *tuy ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID’PTk *dɨ ‘WATER’PLB *m/ʔ-titᴴ ‘WET / SOAK’PKar *thejᴬ ‘WATER’ ‘tears’Tian 86
Tujia (Northern)lo³⁵ pu³⁵#1228 PTB *s-pu ‘FEATHER / WING / HAIR (body)’ si³⁵morpheme ka⁵⁵morpheme ‘eyebrow’Tian 86
Tujialo³⁵ pu⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘eye’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.4
Tujialo³⁵ pu⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ pɯe⁵⁵#187 PTB *b-ləy-k ‘TEARS’ tsʰe²¹#298 PTB *m-t(w)əy-n ⪤ *m-ti-s ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID / RIVER / SOAK / SPIT’PKC *tuy ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID’PTk *dɨ ‘WATER’PLB *m/ʔ-titᴴ ‘WET / SOAK’PKar *thejᴬ ‘WATER’ ‘tears’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.4.6
Tujialo³⁵ pu⁵⁵#1228 PTB *s-pu ‘FEATHER / WING / HAIR (body)’ si³⁵morpheme ka⁵⁵morpheme ‘eyebrow’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.4.3
Tujialo³⁵ pu⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ tʰa⁵⁵morpheme pʰa²¹#2076 PTB *ba OR *pa ‘EYELASH / EYELID’ ‘eyelid’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.4.1
Tujia (Northern)lo³⁵ se²¹#587 PTB *(s/z)a-y ‘EARTH / SAND’PNN *ʔ-saːy ‘SAND’PLB *say² ‘SAND’PL *say² ‘SAND’ ‘eye sand’Tian 86
Tujialo³⁵ tsʰi⁵⁵#3559 PTB *dzəy ‘SEED / TESTICLE / ROUND OBJECT’PKC *tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PKC *khlaay-tsii ‘SEED / CROP’PCN *ma-tʃəjʔ ‘SEED’PTk *tʰa ‘SEED’ li⁵⁵morpheme ‘eyeball’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.4.2
Tujialo³⁵pu⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ n‘eye’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0079.49
Tujialo³⁵pu⁵⁵#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ ‘eye’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 238.38
Tujia (Northern)luo2bu1#1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’Allofams1 #1168 PTB *pʷu ‘EGG / BIRD / ROUND OBJECT’1a #301 PTB *ʔu ‘EGG / BIRD’1b #1654 PTB *pu ‘EGG’1c #1275 PTB *pu ‘BALL / EGG / ROUND OBJECT’ n.‘eye’Brassett 04 Tujia
Tujia (Northern)wu2morphemeli1morphemekuo1#665 PTB *kwar ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / INNARDS’PKC *kuar ‘HOLLOW / SUNKEN’PKC *kua ‘HOLE / BURROW / CAVITY’PKC *khur ⪤ *khor ‘DITCH / HOLE / PIT / WELL (n.)’PCN *a-ku ⪤ *a-khən ‘HOLE’PTk *kʰur ‘HOLE / ANUS’PNN *gor ‘HOLE / CAVE’luo1 n.‘cow's heart’Brassett 04 Tujia
Tujia (Southern)ʔa²¹prefix la⁵⁵ ʔa²¹prefix so²¹#370 PTB *(t)su-ŋ ‘HAIR / MANE / BEARD’PKar *chuNᴮ ‘FEATHER / FUR / BODY HAIR’ ‘eyebrow’Tian 86
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish1
6.1.2.2Central Loloish1
Lahu (Black)mɛ̂ʔ#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-qha#1110 PTB *ka ‘BALL / EGG / TESTICLE / EYEBALL’-lɛ̂ ‘eyeball’Matisoff 87 BP: DL 1022
6.2Naxi40
Laze (Xiangjiao)mie˧#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’lv˥ ‘eye’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 254
Laze (Xiangjiao)mie˧#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’lv˥ ʂɑ˩morphemetu˥morpheme ‘orbit; eye socket’[Source note] bones of the eyeMichaud 06 NaLaze: 258
Laze (Xiangjiao)mie˧#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’lv˥nɑ˥morphemei˥morpheme ‘eyeball’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 256
Na (Yongning)njɤ˩#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ɭɯ˧ ‘eye’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Na (Yongning)njɤ˩#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ɭɯ˧ko˧tv˩ ‘eyeball’Michaud 06 NaLaze
Naxibɑ²¹#2185 PTB *b/s-wat ‘FLOWER’PLB *s-watᴴ ‘BLOOM / FLOWER’ly³³ nveg‘bud’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0381.45
Naxi (Western)miə³¹#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ly³³ ‘eye’He 85
Naxi (Lijiang)miə³¹#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ly³³ ‘eye’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 238.28
Naxi (Yongning)ȵɑ³¹#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’lɿ³³ ‘eye’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 238.29
Naxi (Eastern)ȵɑ¹³#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’lv⁵⁵ ‘eye’He 85
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #1427,
*b-lum ‘EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1427Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: ("AMD") cf. 1020. Darang
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-1427,
title = {{*b-lum 'EYE / EYEBALL / HEART / ROUND OBJECT'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1427},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1427}
}