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STEDT #70

*braŋ

BORN / BIRTH

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlebraŋinitialbrrhymeaŋcoverP · N

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*piaŋ-I, pian-II ‘BORN (be)’PKC #129

Connections

HPTB*braŋ ‘give birth’p. 264

Notes

This well-attested root occurs in the NE Indian Areal Group, Himalayish, and Lolo-Burmese, and probably in Karenic and Qiangic as well. It is reconstructed in STC #135, which only lists the WT and Lushai (Mizo) forms. The Jingpho forms pràt, šəpràt ‘bear, give birth’ do not belong in this set, since -ŋ ⪤ -t is not an established pattern of variation in TB word-families.¹

The Himalayish forms with high vowels (Tamangic -u/-i, Pattani -i) are tentatively assigned to this etymon.

1 As a longshot, we might relate these Jingpho forms to #1787 PTB *(p/b)rat BREAK / WEAN, below.

Reflexes & cognates42 reflexes · 18 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanbraŋ ‘give birth’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 585

*Tibeto-Burmanbraŋ be v.‘born, give birth’Benedict 72 STC: 135

1.1.2Deng4

Darang [Taraon]bro ‘give birth to (of animals)’Anonymous xx Tar

Idubɹa⁵⁵ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 IduQ: 10.4.15

Idubɹɑ⁵⁵ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 774.50

Yidubɹɑ⁵⁵ v.‘birth, give to’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1620.25

1.2Kuki-Chin1

*Chinpiaŋ-I, pian-II ‘BORN (be)’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

1.2.1.1Northern Chin5

Paitepiang sak ‘procreate’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

Thadopíeŋ-I, pìen-II be v.‘born’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

Tiddimpiang² > pian³ v‘come into existence; formed; happen; occur’Bhaskararao 96 CDB: 1384

Tiddimpian² > pian ‘come into existence, formed’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

Tiddimpiaŋ²/pian³ ‘come into existence...’Bhaskararao 94 TCV

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin1

Khumitpieng ‘give birth, be born (for both humans and animals)’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

1.2.2Central Chin4

Lai (Falam)pǐang-I, pìan-II be v.‘born’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

Lushai [Mizo]piang ‘birth, give’Marrison 67 Naga

Lushai [Mizo]píang-I, pìan-II be v.‘born’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

Lushai [Mizo]piaŋ vs.‘born, be’Benedict 72 STC: 135

1.2.3Maraic1

Lakher [Mara]pì be v.‘born’VanBik 09 PKC: 129

1.5Mikir [Karbi]1

Mikir [Karbi]keprefix◦plang ‘birth, give’Marrison 67 Naga

2.1.1Western Himalayish1

Pattani [Manchati]zirprefix◦pʰi vs.‘born, be / to rise’Sharma, D.D. 82 TH

2.1.2.1Tibetan1

Tibetan (Written)ḥbraŋ-basuffix v‘birth, give’Benedict 72 STC: 135

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti1

Limbupoːŋ◦maʔsuffix ‘born, be’Driem 88? LimA: 491

3.2Qiangic4

Namuyieʴ³³morphemeba³⁵ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 NamQ: 10.4.15

Namuyiəʴ³³morphemeba³⁵ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 774.19

Namuyiəʴ³¹morpheme ba³⁵ v.‘birth, give to’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1620.46

Qiang (Mawo)pæʴ (ʔæ ʐæ pæʴ) ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 MawQ: 10.4.15

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmeseb(r)aŋ³ v‘born / birth’This etymon is mistakenly reconstructed as Proto-Loloish *baw³ in Bradley 1979 (DB-PL) #597, on the basis of WB paw ‘to appear’.Matisoff 88 DL: p.857

6.1.1Burmish3

Achang (Xiandao)pɔ³⁵ v‘birth, give’Dai 89 Xian: 2227

Achang (Xiandao)pɔ³⁵ v.‘birth, give to’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1620.29

Achang (Xiandao)pʰo³¹ ‘birth, give (pig)’Dai 89 Xian: 2362

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish2

Nesuba²¹ ‘birth, give’Chen 86 Yi: 10.4.15

Nusu (Southern)pʰa̱⁵³ ‘birth, give’Sun J 86 Nusu

6.1.2.2Central Loloish7

Ahiɑ³³prefix bɑ̱⁵⁵morpheme zo²¹#1012 PTB *za-n ‘CHILD’MesorootsPKC *θaa ‘CHILD / OFFSPRING / SON / DAUGHTER’PBG *sa ‘CHILD’Allofams1 #428 PTB *tsa-n ⪤ *za-n ‘CHILD / SON / RELATIVES’1a #1012 PTB *za-n ‘CHILD’1b #2727 PTB *tsa-n ‘CHILD / GRANDCHILD / NEPHEW / NIECE’ bu³³ ‘birth, give’Luo 90: 10.4.15

*Common Lahupaw: be v.‘born, be’Bradley 79 PLo: 597

Lahu (Lancang)pɔ³³ v.‘birth, give to’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1620.43

Lahu (Lancang)pɔ³³ v.‘birth, give to (piglets)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1717.43

Lahu (Black)pɔ ‘born, be; give birth to’Matisoff 88 DL

Lahu (Black)pɔ³³ ‘birth, give’Chang 86

Lahu (Black)pɔ³³ ‘birth, give’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 774.33

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish4

Akhabaw-eusuffix be v.‘born’Lewis 89 AETD: 73-74

Akhabɔ be‘born, be’Hansson 89 AHKP: 265

Hani (Gelanghe)bɔ³³ ‘birth, give’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)pv̩³³ ‘birth, give’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

7Karenic4

Bweɔmorpheme phlɛ be v.‘born, be’Henderson 97 Kar

Bweɔmorpheme phlɛ-lamorpheme be v.‘born, be’Henderson 97 Kar

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)o̱³¹#3482 PTB *wat ‘GIVE BIRTH’ pʰlɛ³¹ a³¹prefix pʰo⁵⁵#1811 PTB *ʔ-bu ⪤ *pu ‘BORN / BIRTH / BUD / BLOOM’ v‘birth, give’Dai 89 KarB: 2320

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)o̱³¹#3482 PTB *wat ‘GIVE BIRTH’ pʰlɛ³¹ v‘birth, give’Dai 89 KarA: 2320

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #70, *braŋ ‘BORN / BIRTH’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/70

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC#135, HPTB p.264

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-70,
  title  = {{*braŋ 'BORN / BIRTH'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #70},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/70}
}