STEDT
STEDT #336

*r-k(y)aŋ

FOOT / LEG

Reconstruction analysis

handlekaŋinitialkrhymeaŋ ⪤ k-rcoverK · VNLT

Intermediate reconstructions

Karenic*khaŋᴮ ‘LEG’

Connections

Allofams
HPTB*r-kaŋ ⪤ *keŋ ‘leg / foot / stem / stalk’pp. 283, 293, 311

Notes

This etymon bears a strong resemblance to #5621 PTB *r-kwa(ŋ) FOOT, and should perhaps ultimately be combined with it.

Reflexes & cognates186 reflexes · 13 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanr-kaŋkeŋ ‘leg / foot / stem / stalk’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 595

1.2Kuki-Chin2

Analkhu ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP
Chinbokkhɔ ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin4

Khumikheu ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP
Khumi (Ahraing)kʻɛᴜ⁵ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: O.17

1.2.3Maraic1

Zotungču ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)28

Ao (Chungli)teprefixtsung ‘foot’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)teprefixtsung ‘leg’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)tsungsemmorpheme n‘shoe’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)tsəŋ¹tsək¹morpheme adj.‘lame’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Ao (Chungli)tə³prefix-tsəŋ³ n.‘foot / leg’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.194
Ao (Chungli)tə³prefix-tsəŋ³ ta³prefixtsək³morpheme adj.‘lame’Bruhn 14 SuppCN
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefixchang ‘foot’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Longchang)teprefixchang ‘leg’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-tʃaŋ n.‘leg, foot’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[tə]prefix-tʃaŋ prefix-tʃak#7795 PCN *tʃak ‘BREAK’ ‘lame ('leg' + 'NZP + break')’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃaŋ-morpheme n.‘footprint ('foot/leg' + ?)’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃaŋ-tʃhə̀mmorpheme n.‘shoe ('leg/foot' + 'wear')’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)tʃaŋkaʔmorpheme ‘pace (one)’Coupe 07 Ao
Sangtamaprefixjing ‘leg’Marrison 67 Naga
Sangtamaprefixjing ‘foot’Marrison 67 Naga
Sangtamaprefixjingja#7795 PCN *tʃak ‘BREAK’morpheme ‘lame’Marrison 67 Naga
Yacham-Tengsataprefixching ‘foot’Marrison 67 Naga
Yacham-Tengsataprefixching ‘leg’Marrison 67 Naga
Yimchungrüchingkikmorpheme suffix ‘lame’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.1.1Bodo2

Bodoaprefixkánʔ ‘footprint’Weidert 87 TBTo: 31
Mecheaprefixkanʔ ‘footprint’Weidert 87 TBTo: 31

2.1.1Western Himalayish3

Bunankaŋ balmorpheme balmorpheme ‘thigh’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 6.2.1
Bunankaŋ ṭaŋmorpheme ṭaŋmorpheme ‘calf’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 6.2.4

2.1.2.1Tibetan41

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)hkaŋ-suffix ‘foot’Sun J 85 Amdo: 275
Tibetan (Balti)rgyʌpmorphemeṣkʌŋ ‘leg (hind)’Rangan 75: 34
Tibetan (Jirel)kām-bāqsuffix ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP
Tibetan (Khams:Dege)kuŋ⁵⁵ba⁵³suffix ‘foot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 263.3
Tibetan (Lhasa)kaŋ³⁵pa⁵⁵suffix nbp‘foot’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0103.02
Tibetan (Lhasa)kaŋ⁵⁵pa⁵³suffix ‘foot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 263.2
Tibetan (Lhasa)kaŋ⁵⁵pa⁵³suffix ‘leg’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 264.2
Sherpakang-bāqsuffix ‘foot / leg’Matisoff 87 BP
Sherpakang-lingq ‘shin’Matisoff 87 BP
Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)kangbasuffix shammorpheme ‘foot’Bishop 89: 6.2.6
Spitikaŋbamorpheme ‘leg’Bodh 91: 6.2
Spitikaŋbasuffix ‘foot’Bodh 91: 6.2.6
Spitikaŋjemorpheme ‘footprint’Bodh 91: 6.2.6.7
Spitikaŋthilmorpheme ‘sole’Bodh 91: 6.2.6.5
Tibetan (Written)brlamorpheme-rkaṅ ‘femoral bone’Matisoff 87 BP
Tibetan (Written)rkaṅ-pasuffix ‘foot / leg’Matisoff 87 BP
Tibetan (Written)rkaṅ-sori ‘heel’Matisoff 87 BP
Tibetan (Written)rkang.pasuffix ‘foot’Sun J 85 TbGl: 275
Tibetan (Written)rkaṅpasuffix ‘foot’Marrison 67 Naga
Tibetan (Written)rkaṅpasuffix ‘leg’Marrison 67 Naga
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ pasuffix ‘foot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 263.1
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ(-pasuffix) ‘foot’Weidert 87 TBTo: 731
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ(-pasuffix) ‘leg, foot, stem, stalk’Benedict 72 STC: 70n218
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ-pasuffix ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ-pasuffix ‘foot, marrow-bone’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 72
Tibetan (Written)rkaŋ-pasuffix ‘leg, thigh’Zhang Liansheng 88: 42
Tibetan (Written)rkɑŋ(-suffix) ‘foot / leg / stem / stalk’Chou 72: 831u
Tibetan (Xiahe)hkaŋ dəχmorpheme morpheme v.‘stamp (one's foot)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1297.04

2.1.3Lepcha2

Lepchakan̊ ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP
Lepchakon̊ ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang9

Kham'khə̃ː ‘foot’Watters 89 KhQ: 1.46
Kham'khə̃ː ‘leg’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.56
Kham'khə̃ːbãːsuffix ‘sole’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.61
Kham'khə̃ːsəysuffix ‘toe’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.62
Kham'kʰə̃ː ‘foot’Watters 89 KhQ: 1.46
Kham'kʰə̃ː ‘leg’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.56
Kham'kʰə̃ːbãːsuffix ‘sole’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.61
Kham'kʰə̃ːsəysuffix ‘toe’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.62
Khamkhḁ ‘foot’Matisoff 87 BP

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish3

7Karenic89

*Karen (Pwo)khánq ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
*Karen (Pwo)khánq ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
*Karen (TP)kháŋq ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
*Karenkháŋq ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
*Karenkhaŋᴮ ‘leg’Luangthongkum 13: 162
*Karen (Sgaw)khɔ́ʔ ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
*Karen (Sgaw)khɔ́ʔlèkhóʔmorpheme ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
*Karen (Sgaw)khɔ́ʔñáθaʔmorpheme ‘sole (foot, hand)’Jones 61: 409
Bwekha n‘leg, foot’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha ləbɔmorpheme n‘lower leg, below the knee’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha đémorpheme gɔ̀morpheme n‘narrow part of the leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-khɔmorpheme n‘leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-khɔmorpheme n‘foot, leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ləbɔmorpheme n‘lower leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ləmèmorpheme n‘knee’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ləmèmorpheme ‘knee’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ləmèmorpheme əprefix-khwi#233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ n‘knee-cap’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-lɛkhomorpheme n‘upper surface of the foot’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-đémorpheme n‘narrow part of the leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-đémorpheme-gɔ̀morpheme n‘narrow part of the leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-đémorpheme-θɛ́morpheme n‘calf of the leg’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ɪ́θamorpheme ‘sole of the foot’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha-ɪ́θamorpheme n‘sole of the foot’Henderson 97 Kar
Bwekha³³ ‘leg’Luangthongkum 13: 162
Bwe (Western)kʻɑ² ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Gebakʻɑ² ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Karenkhɔ³¹de̱⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘foot’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0103.50
Karenkhɔ³¹lo³¹morphemedu³³morpheme n‘knee’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0101.50
Kayahkhɛ¹¹ ‘leg’Luangthongkum 13: 162
Kayanhaŋ¹¹ ‘leg’Luangthongkum 13: 162
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânbùmorpheme N‘leg rings worn below the knee [lit. leg-ring]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰándáukánmorpheme N‘back of the knee’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰândé̤nmorpheme N‘leg, foot, lower limb, hind leg’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânlēmorpheme N‘knee’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânpʰlâmorpheme N‘shoes [lit. leg-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânpʰúmorphemeθâmorpheme N‘calf [lit. leg-belly-seed]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰântʰómorpheme N‘third toe [lit. foot-long]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânzà̤morpheme N‘sole [lit. leg-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)kʰânzānmorpheme N‘footprint [lit. leg-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)sùdwânmorphemekʰânbwānmorpheme Nelab‘expert [lit. hand-every-leg-another]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayawkhɔ¹¹ ‘leg’Luangthongkum 13: 162
Pa-Okháŋ ‘leg, foot (in cpds)’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Okháŋ ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
Pa-Okháŋ dèŋmorpheme ‘leg just above ankle’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Okháŋ khómorpheme ‘foot (top of)’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Okháŋ lêŋmorpheme ‘knee (cap)’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Okháŋ lɔ̄ŋmorpheme ‘leg, lower’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Okháŋ lɔ̄ŋmorpheme phóŋmorpheme ‘calf of leg’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-O (Northern)kʻɑŋ¹ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Pakukʻɔ³ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Palaychikhɔ́q ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
Palaychikhɔ́qdùqmorpheme ‘thigh’Matisoff 87 BP
Palaychikhɔ́qdùqmorpheme ‘thigh’Jones 61: 210
Palaychikhɔ́qnýhóqmorpheme ‘knee’Matisoff 87 BP
Palaychikhɔ́qnýhóqmorpheme ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
Pwo (Tenasserim)kʻɑ̃¹ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Pwo (Delta)kʻɑ̃⁴ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Pwo (Bassein)khànjàθàʔmorpheme ‘sole (foot, hand)’Jones 61: 409
Pwo (Bassein)khànláʔkhòmorpheme ‘knee’Matisoff 87 BP
Pwo (Bassein)khànlúʔkhòmorpheme ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
Pwo (Moulmein)khánʔ ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
Sgawkʻɔ⁴ ‘foot, leg’Luce 85: G.97
Sgaw (Bassein)khɔ̀lèkhòmorpheme ‘knee’Matisoff 87 BP
Sgaw (Bassein)khɔ̀lèkhòmorpheme ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
Sgaw (Bassein)khɔ̀ñáθaʔmorpheme ‘sole (foot, hand)’Jones 61: 409
Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)kʰɔ³¹ de̱⁵⁵morpheme ‘foot’Dai 89 KarB: 129
Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)kʰɔ³¹ lo³¹morpheme du³³morpheme ‘knee’Dai 89 KarB: 127
Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)kʰɔ³¹ lo³¹morpheme xɯ̱i⁵⁵morpheme ‘knee’Dai 89 KarB: 127.1
Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)kʰɔ³¹ tsʰa⁵⁵morpheme ‘sore (leg)’Dai 89 KarB: 2368.1
Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)kʰɔ⁵⁵ de̱⁵⁵morpheme tθa̱³¹morpheme ‘calf (leg)’Dai 89 KarB: 128
Sgaw (Moulmein)khɔ́ʔ ‘foot’Jones 61: 44
Sgaw (Moulmein)khɔ́ʔlèkhóʔmorpheme ‘knee’Matisoff 87 BP
Sgaw (Moulmein)khɔ́ʔlèkhóʔmorpheme ‘knee’Jones 61: 404
Sgaw (Moulmein)khɔ́ʔñáθaʔmorpheme ‘sole’Matisoff 87 BP
Sgaw (Moulmein)khɔ́ʔñáθaʔmorpheme ‘sole (foot, hand)’Jones 61: 409
Karen (Sgaw/Yue)kʰɔ³¹ du̱³¹morpheme θa³¹morpheme ‘calf (leg)’Dai 89 KarA: 128

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #336, *r-k(y)aŋ ‘FOOT / LEG’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/336
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: incl 337,340
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-336,
  title  = {{*r-k(y)aŋ 'FOOT / LEG'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #336},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/336}
}