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STEDT #3450

*m-pup ⪤ *pip

KISS / SUCK / SUCKLE
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlebuPinitialbrhymeup/t/kcoverP · T

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*pup ~ *puk ‘KISS’JS-HCST: 86

Notes

This etymon displays the same *-u- ⪤ *-i- variation found with #5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK, as well as a similar variation in the position of articulation of the final stop: compare Bengni muː-pup, Rongmei ka-pút, and Sunwar 'pu:k◦pu 'pā-cā. Weidert 1987 (#651, #1017) sets up “Kuki-Naga-Chin” *m-but, and J. Sun 1993 reconstructs Proto-Tani *pup ⪤ *puk, but in TB generally -p seems to be the most widespread final consonant.

The two labials (initial and final) in this root have an imitative flavor, apparently mimicking the labial activity involved in sucking and kissing.

This allofam with -u- vocalism is more common, and so far it is only before this variant that the nasal prefix is attested. This prefix should be set up for PTB as a whole, since it occurs in Himalayish (Bunan) a◦mbok də◦ca and Qiangic (rGyalrong) kəwu◦nəpok, as well as widely in Naga languages. This variant frequently occurs in compounds after reflexes of #3451 PTB *m-ʔum ⪤ *mum HOLD IN MOUTH / CHEW / EAT / KISS, below (e.g. Milang mum-pup-ma), and this may in fact be the source of the prefixal *m- in my reconstruction.

The allofam pip has so far only been found in Himalayish.

Some reflexes show final -t or -k. For similar variability of the final consonant, see #5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK, #5537 PTB *dzyut SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK, #5540 PTB *tsyuk ⪤ *dzyuk SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK. The variation in position of articulation of the final consonant seems clearly to have been caused by the influence of suffixal material. Cf. the consonantal sequences across morpheme boundary in forms like Bantawa phïpt- and Chamling pips-, which seem to lie behind forms like Limbu piːtt-, where the labial final has been assimilated to an earlier dental suffix. Note also the variation between final stop and nasal in Thulung.

Reflexes & cognates79 reflexes · 22 subgroups

1NE Indian Areal Group2

*Kuki-Naga-Chinm-but v.‘kiss / suck’Weidert 87 TBTo: 651

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanipup ~ puk ‘kiss’Sun J 93 HCST: 224

1.1.1.1Western Tani13

Bokaraprefix-pup ‘kiss’Sun J 93 HCST
Bokaraprefix-pup ‘kiss’Sun J 93 Tani
Galobuu◦jinmorpheme vt.‘suck dry’GLDC 09 Galo
Galobuu◦namsuffix vt.‘slurp’GLDC 09 Galo
Galobuu◦namsuffix vt.‘suck’GLDC 09 Galo
Galobuː-namsuffix v‘sucking’Das Gupta 63 Gal

1.1.2Deng1

Kaman [Miju]bɯp⁵⁵ ‘kiss’Sun H 80 MLD

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group9

Angami (Kohima)me³¹ bo¹¹ ‘kiss’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.9.5
Chokrimü³¹ bo¹¹ ‘kiss’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.9.5
Chokrim³¹ bo¹¹ ‘kiss’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.9.5

1.3.3Zeme Group4

Liangmeikaprefix-pût v.‘kiss’Weidert 87 TBTo: 1017
Rongmei / Nruanghmeikamorpheme-pút v.‘kiss’Weidert 87 TBTo: 1017
Rongmei / Nruanghmeikümorpheme◦put ‘kiss’Marrison 67 Naga
Zemekemorpheme◦put ‘kiss’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.3.1Jingpho1

2.1.1Western Himalayish2

Bunanaprefix◦mbok dəmorpheme◦camorpheme ‘kiss’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 3.9.5

2.1.2.1Tibetan2

Tibetan (Balti)pipi· ‘breast’Rangan 75: 47
Spitipo lenjemorpheme ‘kiss’Bodh 91: 3.9.5

2.3Kiranti1

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti3

Limbupiːtt- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 89 Lm
Limbupiːtt- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Yakhapiːʔ◦maːsuffix ‘suck’Kohn 90: 5.4.5

2.3.2Southern Kiranti10

Bantawaphïpt- v.‘suck’Note the internal Bantawa vocalic variation between -ï- and -ü-.Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Bantawaphïpʈ- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
BantawaphUp ‘suck / sip’Rai 85 BnDs
Bantawaphüpt- v.t.‘suck / absorb’Rai 84 BnDc: 60
Chamlingpibd-(u)suffix ‘suck’Winter 85: 28
Chamlingpibd-yusuffix v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Chamlingpips-(u)suffix ‘suck’Winter 85: 28
Chamlingpips-yusuffix v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Kulungphipp-usuffix v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Kulungphipp-usuffix v.‘suck’Rai 75 Kul

2.3.3Central Kiranti3

Dumiphip- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Dumiphip◦nɨsuffix ‘suck, draw (through a straw)’Driem 93 Dumi
Khaling√phəp- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170

2.3.4Western Kiranti7

Hayupip vt, vr‘suck, nurse, smoke (tobacco)’Michailovsky 89 H2: 84.15
Hayupip- v.‘suck, to nurse, to smoke (t’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170
Sunwar'pu:k◦pumorpheme 'pāmorpheme-cāmorpheme v‘kiss’Hale 73 CSD: 10b1.51
Thulungphim- v.‘suck’Allen 75
Thulungphip- v.‘suck’Allen 75
Thulungphip-/phim- v.‘suck’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 170

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang1

Khampi-nyasuffix v.‘suck’Watters 89 KhQ: 6.B.2.2

3.3rGyalrongic3

Ergong (Daofu)bo pamorpheme v.‘kiss’Dai 89 Daof: 3.9.5
Ergong (Danba)bo pamorpheme v.‘kiss’Sun H 91 ErDQ: 3.9.5
Ergong (Northern)pau⁵³morpheme (pɔk⁵³) v‘kiss’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 3.9.5

3.3.1rGyalrong4

rGyalrong (Northern)kəwumorpheme◦nəpok v‘kiss’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.9.5
rGyalrongpomorpheme pok kapamorpheme v.‘kiss’Dai 89 Jiar: 3.9.5
rGyalrong (Eastern)pomorpheme◦pot v‘kiss’Sun H 91 rEQ: 3.9.5

6.1.1Burmish1

Maru [Langsu]pɔ̱³¹ v.‘kiss’Dai 89 Lang: 3.9.5

6.1.2.2Central Loloish5

Ahibu̱²¹ ‘kiss’Chen 86 Yi: 3.9.5
Ahibu̱²¹ v.‘kiss’Luo 90: 3.9.5
Lisu (Central)baw⁶ v.‘kiss’Fraser 22
Lisu (Northern)bɔʔ²¹ N‘kiss’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)bɔʔ²¹ læ²¹morphemehɔ³³morpheme ‘kiss’Bradley 94 Lisu

6.2Naxi2

Laze (Xiangjiao)bu˧bu˧ v.‘kiss (a child)’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 3507
Na (Yongning)bu˩ v.‘kiss (a child)’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #3450, *m-pup ⪤ *pip ‘KISS / SUCK / SUCKLE’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/3450
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. AW/TBT #'s 651, 1017
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-3450,
  title  = {{*m-pup ⪤ *pip 'KISS / SUCK / SUCKLE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #3450},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/3450}
}