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STEDT #2202

*(d/t)uk

POISON
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handledukinitialdrhymeuk~tukcoverT · T

Intermediate reconstructions

Tani*dɯk ‘POISON (generic)’JS-HCST: 221

Connections

HPTB*duk ⪤ *tuk ‘poison’pp. 357, 363

Chinese comparandum

毒 OC *d’ôk, GSR #1016a; B & S 2011: *dˁuk {[d]ˁuk}; Mand. dú. This Chinese character contains the graph for ‘mother’ (母, Mand. mǔ), which seems to suggest that the original meaning might have been “be revolted by food, as a pregnant woman”. Cf. Lahu tɔ̀ʔ, which means both ‘poison’ and ‘be revolted by food’.

Reflexes & cognates172 reflexes · 31 subgroups

0Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)1

*Sino-Tibetandəkw ‘poison’Coblin 86: 120

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4

*Tibeto-Burmanduk ⪤ tuk ‘poison’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 587
*Tibeto-Burmanduk ⪤ tuk ‘poison’Matisoff 83 TIL: 34
*Tibeto-Burmanduk ⪤ tuk be v.‘poisonous’Benedict 72 STC: 472
*Tibeto-Burmanduk~tuk ‘poison / poisonous’Chou 72: 1016a

1.1.1Tani1

*Tanidɯk ‘poison (generic)’Sun J 93 HCST: 300

1.1.1.1Western Tani8

Bengnidɯmorpheme-dɯk ‘poison (generic)’Sun J 93 HCST
Bengnidɯmorpheme-dɯk ‘poison’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokardɯk ‘poison (generic)’Sun J 93 HCST
Galo`dɨg◦namorpheme-`koomorpheme◦namorpheme n.‘poison’GLDC 09 Galo
Galocummorpheme-dik-gɤmorpheme-namorpheme ‘poisonous’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Miri, Hillcummorpheme-dɯk ‘poison’Simon 76 Miri
Miri, Hillcummorpheme◦dɯk-domorpheme-n'morpheme ‘poisonous’Simon 76 Miri
Miri, Hillcummorpheme◦dɯk-domorpheme-nemorpheme ‘poisonous’Simon 76 Miri

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani3

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]dik ‘poison (generic)’Sun J 93 HCST
Milangdik-pimorpheme-ɲisuffix ‘poisonous’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangdik-ɲisuffix ‘poison’Tayeng 76 Mil

1.1.2Deng7

Darang [Taraon]thɑi⁵³ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.22
Kaman [Miju]tɑu⁵³ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.23
Kaman [Miju]tɑu⁵³ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.48
Idudɯ³⁵ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.50
Yidudɯ³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.25

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group1

Sema [Sumi]thü◦ghümorpheme n‘poison’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic2

Tangkhultak ‘poison’Bhat 69 TNV: 94
Ukhrulkʰəprefix-məmorpheme-tak ‘kill worms as in paddy field by putting poison’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.7.3.1Jingpho3

Jingphon³¹morphemetu̱k⁵⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.19
Jingphon³¹morphemetu̱k⁵⁵; niŋ³¹morphemetu̱k⁵⁵ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.47

2.1.1Western Himalayish3

Byangsid5o n.‘poison’Sharma 2003: 215
Darmaduo ‘poison’Krishan 2003: 164

2.1.2Bodic6

KaikeDhu n‘poison’Hale 73 CSD: 10a.41
Tshona (Wenlang)do³⁵ ‘poison’Lu 86 CuoM
Cuona Menbatuk³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.06

2.1.4Tamangish2

2.3.4Western Kiranti1

Sunwar'du:k◦cimorpheme n‘poison’Hale 73 CSD: 10a.41

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang2

Chepangdhuk- vt.‘cause nausea or appetite loss, poison’Caughley 00 Chepang
Khamtu: n‘poison’Hale 73 CSD: 10a.41

3.1Tangut2

Tangut [Xixia]do ‘poison, toxin’Li 97 Tangut: 3699

3.2Qiangic20

Ersudzu⁵⁵ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.18
Guiqiongdu³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.16
Guiqiongndʑo³³wu⁵⁵morpheme ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.17
Lyuzudʑy³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.18
Muyatu²⁴ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.15
Namuyidu³³ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.19
Namuyidu³¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.46
Pumi (Jiulong)du³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.10
Queyu (Xinlong)tu⁵⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.13
Xumidu³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.17
Xumidu³⁵ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.20

3.3rGyalrongic2

Daofudu n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.12

5Tujia2

Tujiatu²¹ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.38
Tujiatu³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.49

6.1Lolo-Burmese3

*Lolo-Burmesedok ‘poison (n.) / poison (v.)’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(a)
*Lolo-BurmeseNdok ‘poison (n.) / poison (v.)’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(c)
*Lolo-Burmeseʔdok ‘poison (n.) / poison (v.)’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(b)

6.1.2Loloish3

*Loloishdokᴸ ‘poison’Bradley 79 PLo: 391
*Loloishdokᴸ ‘poison’Hansson 89 AHKP: xxx
PNLʔdokᴸ ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish23

Gazhuotv²⁴jo²⁴morpheme n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.47
Lalodòq ‘poison’Björverud 94
Lalodo̱² ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Lalotòq ‘poison’Björverud 94
Liphodu̱² ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Luquantu 55c v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(b)
Nasu<to̱⁵⁵> ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Neisu<te¹³> ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Nesudu̱² ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Nosudu̱⁵⁵ ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Nusu (Central)du̱⁵³ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.34
Yi (Liangshan)du⁵⁵ ‘poison’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Liangshan)du⁵⁵ʑɿ³³morphemeʑi⁵⁵morphemeʑɿ³³morpheme ‘poison’Ma 08 Yi: index
Yi (Mile)du̱²¹ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.25
Yi (Nanhua)tu²¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.37
Yi (Weishan)to²¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.36
Yi (Wuding)du̱⁵⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.38
Yi (Xide)du⁵⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.35
Yi (Xide)du⁵⁵ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.21

6.1.2.2Central Loloish25

Ahidu̱² ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Jinuoto⁵⁵tshi⁴⁴morpheme n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.44
Jinuotu³³ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.34
Lahu (Lancang)tɔ²¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.43
Lahu (Black)nâʔmorpheme-tɔ́ v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(b)
Lahu (Black)ɔ̀prefix-tɔ̀ʔ ‘poison’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 358
Lahu (Black)ɔ̀prefix-tɔ̀ʔ-mamorpheme v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(a)
Lisudaw6 v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(a)
Lisu (Luquan)do³¹ n‘poison’Xu 86 Lisu
Lisudo⁴¹ ‘poison’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 510.27
Lisu (Yongsheng)do⁵⁵ n‘poison’Xu 86 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹ N‘poison; kusnezoff monkshood; monkshood’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹ dza²¹morpheme ‘take poison’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹dzi²¹morpheme ‘poison (which is rubbed on to arrows as soon as dug out)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹gɔ⁴⁴morpheme ‘poison has shown effect’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹næ³³morphemesi²¹morpheme ‘kind of herb, used as poison, Alangium sp.’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)dɔʔ²¹thu²¹morpheme ‘venomous insect tube; poison tube’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ji⁵⁵morphemedɔʔ²¹ N‘toxin; poison’Bradley 94 Lisu
Sani [Nyi]do² ‘poison’Chen 86 CS: 91.
Yi (Sani)tu⁵⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.39

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish10

Akhado LS v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(a)
Akhadòq ‘poison’Hansson 89 AHKP: xxx
Hani (Hu T’an)du 21c v.,n.‘poison / poison’Matisoff 72 LTSR: 113(a)
Hani (Lüchun)du̱³¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.41
Haonitv̩³⁵ ‘poison’Hansson 89 AHKP: xxx
Hani (Mojiang)tv̩³⁵ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.42
Mpitoʔ² ‘poison’Hansson 89 AHKP: xxx

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish3

Azhatɯ²²ʑɔ²¹morpheme ‘poison’Pelkey 11 Phula: 590
Southern Mujitɯ²¹ʨʰi⁵⁵morpheme ‘poison’Pelkey 11 Phula: 590
Pholadɯ³¹ʑɔ³¹morpheme ‘poison’Pelkey 11 Phula: 590

8Bai4

Bai (Jianchuan)tə̱²¹ n‘poison / toxin’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0641.48

9.0.1Old Chinese3

Chinese (Old/Mid)dʻôk/dʻuok ‘poison / poisonous’Chou 72: 1016a

9.0.3Modern Chinese1

Chinese (Mandarin)dur◦(yauh)morpheme ‘poison’Sun J 85 ChGl: 761

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2202, *(d/t)uk ‘POISON’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2202
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#472, HPTB pp. 357, 363
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2202,
  title  = {{*(d/t)uk 'POISON'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2202},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2202}
}