Reconstruction analysis
handlepar◦wainitialprhymear◦wapcoverP · LWT
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
Allofams
HPTB*r/s-wap ‘lung’p. 533
Notes
As explained at length in VSTB:113-123, the root reconstructed as *tsywap in STC #239, is actually a fused version of a binome **tsi-wap, where the first element is the root #458 PTB *ts(u/i)-t LUNG. The original meaning of the second element seems to be ‘soft, spongy’, which is its meaning in Jingpho. The Jingpho form sìn-wóp, literally “spongy organ” is opposed to Jingpho sin³¹ tʃaʔ³¹ ‘liver’, where the second element means ‘hard, firm’. These two organs, dominant in the thoracic and abdominal cavity respectively, are evidently conceived of as antonymous, similar to the Turkish pair ak-ciğer ‘lung’ (lit. ‘white liver’) and kara-ciğer ‘liver’ (lit. ‘black liver’).
Reflexes & cognates24 reflexes · 9 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)9
1.2Kuki-Chin1
1.2.1.1Northern Chin4
1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin2
1.2.2Central Chin6
1.2.3Maraic2
1.2.4“Old Kuki”1
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang1
1.7.3.1Jingpho8
Jingphosin#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’-wáwp ‘lung’Matisoff 87 BP
Jingphosìn#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’-wóp ‘lung (=spongy liver)’Matisoff 78 VSTB: 1a
Jingphosin³¹#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’ wop⁵⁵ ‘lung’Liu 84
Jingphosin³¹#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’ wop⁵⁵ a³¹morpheme na³¹#160 PTB *na-n/t ‘ILL / PAIN / SORE / ACHE / DIFFICULT / EVIL SPIRIT’PKC *naa-I, nat-II ‘PAINFUL / SICK’PTk *na ‘HURT’PLB *nan ⪤ *nat ‘SPIRIT / DEMON’PL *C-natᴸ ‘SPIRIT’PL *C-na¹ ‘ILL / SICK’ ‘tuberculosis’Liu 84
Jingphosin³¹#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’wop⁵⁵ n‘lung’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0143.19
Jingphosin³¹#1390 PTB *m-sin ‘LIVER / HEART / BILE / BITTER’PTani *zin ‘LIVER’PKC *thin ‘LIVER’PCN *m-sən ‘LIVER’PTk *tʰin ‘LIVER’PNN *C̬-sin ‘LIVER’PLB *sin² ⪤ *tsin² ‘LIVER / BITTER’PL *sin² ‘LIVER’PKar *swɨnᴮ ‘LIVER’wop⁵⁵ ‘lung’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 274.47
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #457,
*tsywap ‘LUNG’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/457Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#239; reconcile w/ VSTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-457,
title = {{*tsywap 'LUNG'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #457},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/457}
}