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The Body › Diffuse Organs › Obscure Internal Channels

STEDT #535

*graw

OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary · provisional

Reconstruction analysis

handlegrawinitialgrrhymeawcoverK · W

Reflexes & cognates73 reflexes · 9 subgroups

3.2Qiangic14

Guiqionggu³⁵ n‘tendon / sinew’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0130.16

Guiqiongku³⁵ ‘sinew / tendon’Sun H 91 GuiQ

Guiqiongku³⁵ ‘sinew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 267.17

Namuyigu⁵⁵tsɛ³³morpheme ‘sinew / tendon’Sun H 91 NamQ: 8.5

Namuyigu⁵⁵tsɛ³³morpheme ‘sinew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 267.19

Namuyigu⁵⁵tsæ³¹morpheme n‘tendon / sinew’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0130.46

Qiang (Mawo)gəʴ ‘sinew’Sun J 86 Mawo

Qiang (Mawo)gəʴ ‘muscle / sinew’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Mawo)gəʴ ‘nerve’Sun H 91 MawQ: 8.10

Qiang (Mawo)gəʴ n‘tendon / sinew’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0130.08

Qiang (Mawo)gəʴ ‘sinew’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 267.8

Qiang (Mawo)sa(æ)|ɣə̥ʴ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’also contains *s-hywəy-tSun H 91 MawQ: 8.7.1

Qiang (Mawo)sɑ#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’◦gwiʴ ‘blood vessel’Sun J 86 Mawo

Qiang (Yadu)gə ‘muscle’Dai 89 Qian: 162

3.3rGyalrongic1

Ergong (Northern)grə⁵³ ‘nerve’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 8.10

3.3.1rGyalrong2

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦ŋprefix◦gru ‘nerve’Sun H 91 rNQ: 8.10

rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦ŋprefix◦grə ‘nerve’Sun H 91 rNW: 8.10

4Nungic2

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)dɯ³¹morpheme gɹu⁵³ ‘muscle’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)dɯ³¹morpheme gɹu⁵³ ‘muscle’Sun H 82 Dul

6.1.1Burmish10

Achang (Xiandao)kɯ³¹ ‘muscle’Dai 89 Xian: 156

Burmese (Written)krô ‘nerve, sinew, vein’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)lemorpheme-krâw ‘muscle’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)lemorpheme◦krâw ‘sinew / tendon’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)sawmorpheme swê#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’-krâw ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)əprefix-krô ‘muscle, vein, nerve’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)ʔaprefix-rummorpheme-krâw ‘nerve’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)ʔəprefix◦hmyaŋmorpheme-krâw ‘nerve’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)ʔəprefix◦krâw ‘sinew / tendon’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)ʔəprefix◦krâw ‘muscle’Matisoff 87 BP

6.1.2Loloish1

*Loloish(ʃ̀)-gru² ‘tendon’Bradley 79 PLo: 137

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish11

Lalosɿ²¹#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ gu²¹ tʂa³³morpheme ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Chen 86 Yi: 8.7.1

Nesudʐu³³ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Chen 86 Yi: 8.7.1

Nusu (Southern)dʐɯ⁵⁵ ‘muscle’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)gɤ⁵⁵ ‘muscle’Dai 89 NusA: 156.

Nusu (Northern)gɹɯ³⁵ ‘muscle’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central)gʴɯ⁵⁵ ‘muscle’Dai 89 NusB: 156.

Yi (Dafang)dʑu³³ ‘muscle’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Nanjian)gu̪²¹ tʂɑ³³morpheme ‘muscle / sinew’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Xide)gu³³ ʑi³³#533 PTB *rey ⪤ *s-rwi(y) ‘OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL / CORD / STRING / CREEPER / CANE / RATTAN’PKC *ruy ⪤ *hruy ‘ROPE / CORD / STRING / RATTAN’PCN *a-(h)rəj ‘CANE, RATTAN’PTk *hroj ‘ROPE / STRING / THREAD NEEDLE’PKar *reᴮ ‘RATTAN’ ‘muscle / sinew’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Xide)gu³³-tɕi²¹morpheme ‘vein’Chen 79 YiCh

Yi (Xide)gu³³-ɕi³³#533 PTB *rey ⪤ *s-rwi(y) ‘OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL / CORD / STRING / CREEPER / CANE / RATTAN’PKC *ruy ⪤ *hruy ‘ROPE / CORD / STRING / RATTAN’PCN *a-(h)rəj ‘CANE, RATTAN’PTk *hroj ‘ROPE / STRING / THREAD NEEDLE’PKar *reᴮ ‘RATTAN’ ‘muscle’Chen 79 YiCh

6.1.2.2Central Loloish20

Ahidʐi²¹morpheme tʂo³³ ‘ligament (bone to bone)’Luo 90: 8.6

Ahisi²¹#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ tʂo³³ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Luo 90: 8.7.1

Ahisɛ³³#530 PTB *r-sa ‘VEIN / SINEW / INTERNAL CHANNEL / PULSE’PTani *fo ‘SINEW / VEIN’PKC *thaa ‘SINEW / TENDON / STRENGTH’PCN *a-saʔ ‘NERVE, VEIN / POWER, STRENGTH’ tʂo³³ ‘nerve’Luo 90: 8.10

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a⁴⁴prefix kju⁴⁴ ‘muscle’Dai 89 JinA: 162

Jinuo (Youle)ɑ⁴⁴prefix tɕu⁴⁴ ‘muscle’Gai 86

Lahu (Black)ɔ̀#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’-ku-câʔ#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ɔ̀#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’-ku-câʔ#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘sinew / tendon’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ɔ̀#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’-ku-câʔ#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘muscle’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)ɔ³¹prefix kv̩⁵³ tsaʔ⁵⁴#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘muscle’Chang 86

Lahu (Yellow)ɔ³¹prefix ku³³ tsaʔ⁵⁴#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘sinew, muscle’Chang 86

Lahu (Yellow)ɔ³¹prefix ku⁵⁵ tsaʔ⁵⁴#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘muscle’Chang 86

Lisu (Nujiang)e⁵⁵morpheme dʒu³¹ ‘muscle’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisusi⁵#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’-ju⁵ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Matisoff 87 BP

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹ ‘muscle, sinew (jin)’Wu 84: 273.2

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹ ‘sinew, tendon’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹ pɤ̱⁴⁴morpheme ‘cramps, convulsions (choujin)’Wu 84: 273.3

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹ tʂo̱⁴⁴morpheme ‘convulsions (jinglian)’Wu 84: 273.4

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹pɤ̱³³morpheme ‘cramp’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]gu²¹tʂɒ³³morpheme ‘sinew and bone’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]gv̩¹¹ ‘muscle’Ma 89 SanQ: 327.2

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish13

Akhasha˯#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’◦gu˯ sha˯#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ caˆ#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘sinew / tendon’Matisoff 87 BP

Bisuaŋ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦ku ‘tendon’Beaudouin 88 Bisu: 15

Bisuaŋ#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦kù ‘vein’Beaudouin 88 Bisu: 16

Hani (Dazhai)sa³¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ gu³¹ ‘muscle / sinew’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Caiyuan)ɔ³¹prefix kv̩³¹ ‘muscle / sinew’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Gelanghe)ɕa³¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ gu³¹ ‘muscle / sinew’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)ʃɔ³¹#34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’MesorootsPKC *sʰaa ‘ANIMAL / FLESH / MEAT’PCN *a-ʃaʔ ‘ANIMAL / MEAT, FLESH’PTk *sa ‘FLESH / MEAT / ANIMAL’Allofams1 #5711 PTB *sya-n ⪤ *sin ‘FLESH / ANIMAL / BODY / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’1a #34 PTB *sya-n ‘FLESH / MEAT / GAME ANIMAL’1b #318 PTB *sin ‘BODY / OWNER / AGENTIVE NOMINALIZER’ kv̩³¹ ‘muscle / sinew’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Côông [Phunoi]ã#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ ku ‘nerve’Ferlus 91: 8.10

Côông [Phunoi]ã#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦ku³¹ ca#525 PTB *kyak ‘NAVEL / UMBILICAL CORD / ROPE’PLB *ʔ-kyakᴴ ‘ROPE / CORD / NAVEL’ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Ferlus 91: 8.7.1

Côông [Phunoi]lə̆morpheme◦ku̯u ‘sinew / tendon’Matisoff 87 BP

Côông [Phunoi]lə̆morpheme◦kuɑ³³ ‘tendon’Bradley xx Phu

Côông [Phunoi]ʔã́#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ kù sə̀#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ ‘blood vessel / vein / artery’Matisoff 87 BP

Côông [Phunoi]ʔɑ̃⁵⁵#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’ ku¹¹ sə¹¹#230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’MesorootsPTani *viː ‘BLOOD’PKC *thii ‘BLOOD’PCN *a-(h)jəjʔ ‘BLOOD’PTk *ʃi ‘BLOOD’PNN *C̥-həːy ‘BLOOD’PNN *syi ‘BLOOD’PLB *swəy² ‘BLOOD’PKar *swiᴮ ‘BLOOD’Allofams1a #230 PTB *s-hywəy-t ‘BLOOD’1b #5485 PTB *suy ‘MARROW’ ‘vein’Bradley xx Phu

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #535, *graw ‘OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/535

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-535,
  title  = {{*graw 'OBSCURE INTERNAL CHANNEL'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #535},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/535}
}