STEDT #2420
*s-l(u/i)m
WARM
Reconstruction analysis
handleluminitiallrhymeumcoverL · N
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
HPTB*s-lum ⪤ *lim ‘warm / make warm’p. 272
Notes
A simplex-causative pair is involved here. Reflexes with voiceless laterals are to be assigned to the causative allofam with the *s- prefix, as are undoubtedly a number of other forms (e.g. in Loloish) recognizable by their special tones.
The allofam with medial -i- is confined to Bodo-Garo, Nungish, and Northern Naga.
Various scattered languages (Darang, Yidu, Sak, Mpi) have final -ŋ instead of -m.
Chinese comparandum
尋 OC *dzi̯əm, GSR #662a ‘warm up (food)’; Coblin 86:158 ST *ljum > OC *rjəm; Schuessler 2007:539 *s-ləm; B & S 2011: *sə-ləm {sə-l[ə]m} (< -um?); Mand. xún.
融 OC *dʼi̯ông, GSR #1009d ‘hot air, steam, heat’; Schuessler 2007:443 *luŋ; B & S 2011: *luŋ (? < *lum); Mand. róng.
Reflexes & cognates214 reflexes · 25 subgroups
0Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)1
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4
1.1.1.2Eastern Tani1
1.1.2Deng9
1.2Kuki-Chin1
1.2.1.1Northern Chin6
1.2.2Central Chin5
Lushai [Mizo]lúm be v.‘warm or hot, to be comfortable, to be in comfortable circumstances’VanBik 09 PKC: 1065
1.2.3Maraic1
1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)13
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-ləm-jı̀mmorpheme ‘summer, monsoon season ('be warm' + 'season')’Coupe 07 Ao
1.3.4Tangkhulic5
1.7.1.1Bodo5
1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte4
1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang2
1.7.3.1Jingpho14
1.7.3.2Asakian1
2.1.3Lepcha2
Lepchalyam v.‘warm up food’The Lepcha palatal semi-vowel arose because of the *s- causative prefix, see Benedict (1941).Benedict 72 STC: 381
3.2Qiangic21
Ersumɛ³³#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’rɛ⁵⁵ ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.18
Muya [Minyak]mɯ⁵³#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’ŋkhɯ³⁵morphemerø³⁵ ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.15
Namuyimi⁵⁵#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’ɣɛ³⁵ ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.19
Pumi (Jiulong)(ma³⁵#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’) ɬə̃⁵⁵ v.‘warm oneself by (a fire)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1474.10
Pumi (Lanping)mɐ¹³#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’lɛ̃⁵⁵ v.‘warm oneself by (a fire)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1474.09
Pumi (Qinghua)mɐ¹³#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’lɛ̃⁵⁵ ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.11
Pumi (Taoba)ma³⁵#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’liã⁵⁵ ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.10
Qiang (Longxi)(mù)#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’ lé ‘warm self by fire’Evans 99 Qiang: 2108
Qiang (Mawo)mu#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’ liu v.‘warm oneself by (a fire)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1474.08
Qiang (Mawo)mə#2136 PTB *mey ‘FIRE’PTani *mə ‘FIRE’PKC *may ‘FIRE’PCN *mej(ʔ) ‘FIRE’PTk *mej ‘FIRE’PLB *s/ʔ-mey² ‘FIRE’PKar *hmeᴮ ‘FIRE’◦li ‘warm (oneself) near fire’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 632.8
Queyu (Xinlong)kɯ⁵⁵#1001 PTB *gru ⪤ *grwa ‘DRY / DRIED OUT’PAsak *r-ków ‘DRY’rlɛ¹³ v.‘warm oneself by (a fire)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1474.13
4Nungic14
6.1.1Burmish26
6.1.2Loloish3
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish27
Yi (Dafang)kɔ³³#119 PTB *(k/g)a(ː)ŋ ‘ROAST / TOAST / DRY / HOT / BURN / THIRSTY’PKC *kaŋ ‘BAKE / FRY / ROAST’PKC *kaaŋ-I, kaŋʔ ⪤ *kan-II ‘BURN / BLAZE’PKC *kaŋ-I, kan-II ‘DRY UP / EVAPORATE’PCN *a-kuŋ ‘DRY (BE) / THIN, LEAN’PTk *kaŋ ‘BURN / SCORCH’; ɬi¹³ ‘dry(clothes)nr fire;dry(kang)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 631.22
6.1.2.2Central Loloish23
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish19
6.2Naxi7
7Karenic14
*Karenlamᴬ ‘warm’[Source note] It is not certain that the *-a or *-aN rhyme should be reconstructed. S.Pa-O, Sgaw and S.Pwo suggest *-aN while the rest indicates *-a.Luangthongkum 13: 320
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #2420,
*s-l(u/i)m ‘WARM’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2420Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#381
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2420,
title = {{*s-l(u/i)m 'WARM'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2420},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2420}
}