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STEDT #2499

*r-ni

RED

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handler-niprefixrinitial)nrhymeicoverM · V

Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*ʔ-ni¹ ‘RED’

Connections

HPTB*r-ni ‘red’pp. 412, 428

HPTB*n(y)a-n ‘blush / red’pp. 177, 451

Notes

This widespread root is undoubtedly allofamic with #504 PTB *r/m-nil GUMS.

Chinese comparandum

怩 OC *ni̯ər, GSR #563b ‘ashamed’; Schuessler 2007:398 *nri; B & S 2011: *nrəj {nr[əj]}; Mand. ní.
恥 OC *t’i̯əg, GSR #959a ‘shame, disgrace’; Schuessler 2007:188 *hnrjəʔ; B & S 2011: *n̥rəʔ {n̥rə(ŋ)ʔ}; Mand. chǐ.

Reflexes & cognates128 reflexes · 11 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

*Tibeto-Burmanr-ni ‘red’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 604

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani2

Damupamorpheme-tɕimorpheme-nə ‘red’Sun J 93 Tani

Damupamorpheme-tɕimorpheme-nə ‘red (scarlet)’Sun J 93 Tani

3.2Qiangic22

Ersuȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.18

Guiqiongȵĩ⁵⁵hĩ⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.16

Guiqiongȵi⁵⁵xĩ⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.17

Lyuzude³³morphemeȵi⁵³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.18

Muyani⁵⁵ni³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.15

Muya [Minyak]ni⁵⁵ni³³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.15

Pumi (Jiulong)ne³⁵tsɑ⁵⁵tsɑ¹¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.10

Pumi (Lanping)ȵø⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.09

Pumi (Qinghua)ȵø⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.11

Pumi (Taoba)ȵɛ⁵⁵mə⁵³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.10

Qiangńhi ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: 91n265

Qiangńhi ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

Qiang (Mianchi)nə́ ‘red’Evans 99 Qiang: 1454

Qiang (Mianchi)nə́ nə̀ tsɨ̀ ‘bright red, glowing’Evans 99 Qiang: 1603

Qiang (Mianchi)sú#632 PTB *s/p-wa ‘TOOTH’PTani *fiː ‘TOOTH’PKC *haa ‘TOOTH’PCN *p-hwa ‘TOOTH’PTk *ha ‘TOOTH’PNN *swaᴮ ‘TOOTH’PLB *swa² ‘TOOTH’PL *swa² ‘TOOTH’-nə̀ ‘gums [tooth?-red]’Evans 99 Qiang: 171

Qiang (Mianchi)tshɛ̀morpheme-nə́ ‘numbing pepper (flower of prickly ash tree) [mutton?-red]’[Source note] (one kind tastes like mutton).Evans 99 Qiang: 600

Qiang (Mianchi)tɛ̀morpheme-nə̂ ‘redden [p-red]’Evans 99 Qiang: 1675

Qiang (Mianchi)ŋò#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’-miàmorpheme-nə́-kìsuffix ‘huangniu cow [cow-female-red-NOM]’Evans 99 Qiang: 318

Qiang (Taoping)χȵi³¹ȵi³³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.9

Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]n̥i⁵⁵n̥i⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.16

Queyu (Xinlong)ȵ̥e⁵⁵ȵ̥e³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.13

Zhaba (Daofu County)ȵi⁵⁵ȵi³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.14

3.3rGyalrongic3

Daofugɛmorpheme ngi ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.12

Daofungi ngi ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.12

Ergong (Danba)nɣiŋ nɣi ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.14

3.3.1rGyalrong10

Caodengkɐmorpheme-zmorpheme-wɐmorpheme-rneʔ ‘cause to become red’Sun J 97 Cao

rGyalrong (Maerkang)kəmorpheme wumorpheme rnᴇ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.11

rGyalrongkəmorpheme wumorpheme rnᴇ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.12

Caodengkəmorpheme-wɐmorpheme-rneʔ ‘red’Sun J 97 Cao

rGyalrongkəmorpheme◦wumorpheme◦rni ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: 46n152

rGyalrongkəmorpheme◦wumorpheme◦rni Vadj‘red’[Source note] < *g-rni.Benedict 72 STC: p. 46

rGyalrongtərni ‘gold’Benedict 72 STC: 46n152

rGyalrongəmorpheme◦wumorpheme◦rni ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: 91n265

rGyalrongkAmorpheme vamorpheme rne ‘red’Nagano 97 GyQ: 163

rGBenzhenkəmorpheme-vəmorpheme-rne ‘red’Sun J 97 rGB

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-ni¹ ‘red’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 604

6.1.1Burmish29

Achang (Lianghe)ɑ³¹prefixȵɛ⁵⁵ ‘red’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)na⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.28

Achang (Longchuan)na⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.41

Achang (Luxi)nɛ³¹ ‘red’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Xiandao)na⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.29

Bola (Luxi)nɛ⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.32

Burmese (Modern)nī³ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Burmese (Rangoon)ni²² ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.27

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)ni²² ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.40

Burmese (Spoken)ni³ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Burmese (Written)nī ‘red’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)nī ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Burmese (Written)ni ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Burmese (Written)ni ‘red’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)ni ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: 69n217

Burmese (Written)ni² ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.26

Burmese (Written)ni² ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.39

Burmese (Written)əprefix-ni- ‘red’Benedict 76 WBur

Danuăprefix◦ni⁴ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Hpun (Northern)kăprefix◦nɛ̀ ‘red’Henderson 86 Hpun

Hpun (Metjo)kăprefix◦nɛ¹ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Langsu (Luxi)nɛ³¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.31

Lashi (Lachhe')nɛ⁴ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Leqi (Luxi)nɛː³¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.33

Maru [Langsu]nɛ³¹ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.43

Taung-Yoăprefix◦ni⁴ ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

Atsi [Zaiwa]ne⁵¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.30

Atsi [Zaiwa]ne⁵¹ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.42

Atsi [Zaiwa]nɛ² ‘red’Luce 85: S.9

6.1.2Loloish3

*Loloishʔ-ni¹ ‘red’Bradley 79 PLo: 502

*Loloishʔni¹ ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Lolophonyî ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish22

Gazhuoŋ²⁴ ‘red’Dai 91 TB15

Gazhuoŋ²⁴ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.47

LaloNí-sjỳq ‘red’Björverud 94

Nusu (Central)ȵ̥e³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.34

Nusu (Northern)ȵ̥e³¹ ‘red’Sun J 86 Nusu

Yi (Dafang)nɯ²¹ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.22

Yi (Liangshan)a³³prefixn̥i³³ ‘red’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)n̥i³³ ‘red’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)n̥i³⁴tʂɿ̱³³ ‘red, dark’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)tʂhɯ³³morphemen̥i³³ ‘rice, red’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)zu²¹morphemeʂu⁵⁵morphemen̥i³³ ‘fir, red’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Mile)ni³³(pɛ³³morpheme) ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.25

Yi (Mojiang)nɯ⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.26

Yi (Nanhua)ȵi³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.37

Yi (Nanhua)ȵi³³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.24

Yi (Nanhua)ʑi³³#1220 PTB *ʔ-gʷəy-s ‘COMB (FOR HAIR)’PNN *C̥-gyuay ‘COMB’PLB *ʔ-gʷəy² ⪤ *ʔ-gʷi² ‘COMB’PBm *prəy ⪤ *p(r)i ‘COMB (v.) / BRUSH (v.)’PL *ʔ-pi² ‘COMB’PL *ʔ-gʷəy² ‘COMB’PKar *khwiɁᴰ ‘COMB (v.)’ ȵi³³ dzo²¹morpheme v.‘rust’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1618.37

Yi (Nanhua)ʑi³³#5442 PTB *(t)swa-y ⪤ *t(s)wa-y ‘RUST / DROSS / STAIN / EXCREMENT’ȵi³³ ‘rust’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 39.24

Yi (Nanhua)ʑi̱³³#5442 PTB *(t)swa-y ⪤ *t(s)wa-y ‘RUST / DROSS / STAIN / EXCREMENT’ȵi³³dʐo²¹morpheme n‘rust’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0056.37

Yi (Nanjian)n̩(ɿ)⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.23

Yi (Wuding)ne¹¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.38

Yi (Xide)a³³prefixn̥i³³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.21

Yi (Xide)ɑ³³prefixn̥i³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.35

6.1.2.2Central Loloish16

Ahinyǐ ~ nǐ ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

Jinuoa³³prefixnɤ⁴⁴ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.44

Jinuoa³³prefixnɯ⁴⁴ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.34

Jinuo (Youle)ɑ³³prefixn̥ə⁴⁴lə⁴⁴ ‘red’Gai 86

Kucongȵi33 ‘red’Dai 09 Kucong

Lahuni ~ ní ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

Lahu (Lancang)ni³³ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.43

Lahu (Black)cha#1354 PTB *tsya ‘VAGINA / COPULATE’-cú#5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’MesorootsPKC *θeep ‘SUCK / SMOKE (v.)’PCN *m-tshəp ‘SUCK / KISS’PNN *CⓋ-cuːp ‘SUCK’PNN *CⓋ-cʰup ‘KISS’PLB *ʔcupᴴ ⪤ *ʔjupᴸ ⪤ *C-cupᴸ ‘SUCK / MILK’Allofams1a #5536 PTB *dz(y)wap ⪤ *ts(y)wap ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1b #5541 PTB *m-ts(y)(u/i)p ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1c #5537 PTB *dzyut ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1d #5540 PTB *tsyuk ⪤ *dzyuk ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’1e #5539 PTB *dzy(ə/o)w ‘SUCK / KISS / BREAST / MILK’-ni ‘clitoris’Matisoff 88 DL: 517

Lahu (Black)ni³⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.33

Lahu (Yellow)ni¹ ‘red’Chang 86

Lisuni ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

Lisu (Central)ni³ ‘red’Fraser 22

Lisusɿ³¹morpheme; ne³³ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.27

Sani [Nyi]nyi ‘red’Benedict 72 STC: p. 91

Yi (Sani)n̩⁴⁴je¹¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.39

Yi (Sani)n̩⁴⁴phɤ¹¹ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.39

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish23

Akha (Yunnan)jɔprefix né ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Akhané ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Akha (Thai)né ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Bisuʔaŋprefix◦hnɛ́ ‘red’Bradley 9x Bisu

Hani (Lüchun)ní tjhùmorpheme ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Dazhai)su⁵⁵#5442 PTB *(t)swa-y ⪤ *t(s)wa-y ‘RUST / DROSS / STAIN / EXCREMENT’ȵi⁵⁵ ‘rust’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 39.31

Hani (Dazhai)ȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.31

Hani (Lüchun)su⁵⁵#5442 PTB *(t)swa-y ⪤ *t(s)wa-y ‘RUST / DROSS / STAIN / EXCREMENT’ ȵi⁵⁵ tu̱³¹morpheme v.‘rust’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1618.41

Hani (Lüchun)su⁵⁵#5442 PTB *(t)swa-y ⪤ *t(s)wa-y ‘RUST / DROSS / STAIN / EXCREMENT’ȵi⁵⁵ n‘rust’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0056.41

Hani (Lüchun)ȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.41

Hani (Pijo)ný ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Caiyuan)nɤ⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.30

Hani (Pijo)ɔ̀morpheme ný ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Gelanghe)ne⁵⁵ ‘red’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Wordlist)nil ‘red’Hani final -l is a tonemark.Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Haoniȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Shuikui)ȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 837.32

Haoniɳi⁵⁵ ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Khatu)àprefix ný ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Khatu)ný ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Hani (Mojiang)ȵi⁵⁵ ‘red’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1007.42

Mpinə⁵ ‘red’Hansson 89 AHKP: 185

Mpinɤ⁵ ‘red’Srinuan 76

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2499, *r-ni ‘RED’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2499

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: cf. STC p.46, HPTB pp. 412, 428

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-2499,
  title  = {{*r-ni 'RED'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2499},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2499}
}