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The Body › Secretions and Somatophonics › Sweat/Perspire

STEDT #615

*s-(k/ŋ)rul

SWEAT

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlekrwalinitialkrwrhymeal ⪤ s-(coverK · VLS

Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*ʔ-grwəy² ‘SWEAT’KEEP 6/2012 STC p.90

Connections

HPTB*s-krul ⪤ *s-ŋrul ‘sweat’pp. 83, 102, 129, 414

See also#2349

Reflexes & cognates262 reflexes · 29 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

*Tibeto-Burmans-krul ⪤ s-ŋrul ‘sweat’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 597

1.1.1.1Western Tani2

Apatanihú-biŋmorpheme ‘sweat’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanihuʔ-bĩmorpheme ‘perspire’Sun J 93 Tani

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani3

Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]angmorpheme-kir n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Damuxaŋmorpheme-kər ‘sweat’Sun J 93 Tani

Damuxaŋmorpheme-kər len#6426 PTani *len ‘OUT (verbal particle)’ v‘sweat’Sun J 93 Tani

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group8

Angami Naga²rɯmorpheme²krhu n.‘sweat’Weidert 87 TBTo: 471

Angami Naga²rɯmorpheme³krhu v.‘sweat’Weidert 87 TBTo: 471

Angami (Kohima)rü³¹morpheme khrou³³ ‘sweat / perspiration’Nienu 90 AngQ: 8.2.1

Angami (Kohima)rümorpheme◦khru ‘sweat’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokrirü³¹morpheme khrü³³ ‘sweat / perspiration’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 8.2.1

Chokri²remorpheme²ʈrhɤ n.‘sweat’Weidert 87 TBTo: 471

Chokri²remorpheme³ʈrhɤ v.‘sweat’Weidert 87 TBTo: 471

Mao²komorpheme²krhɯ v.‘sweat’Weidert 87 TBTo: 471

1.4Meithei2

Meitheihû◦mâng#619 PTB *maŋ ‘SWEAT’ n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Meitheihu◦maŋ#619 PTB *maŋ ‘SWEAT’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Singh 91 MeiQ: 8.2.1

1.6Mru2

Mrupau²#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’kywe³ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Mrupau²#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’tjwe³ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

2.1.2Bodic2

Baimaȵi⁵³ tʃu⁵³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 Baim: 8.2.1

Tshona (Wenlang)ŋy³⁵ pɑ⁵⁵suffix ‘sweat’Lu 86 CuoM

2.1.2.1Tibetan17

Tibetan (Alike)rŋu tɕhə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.05

Tibetan (Amdo:Bla-brang)hŋəl tɕhə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.4

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)rŋu tɕhə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.5

Tibetan (Batang)ŋỹ⁵⁵ tɕho⁵³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Bata: 8.2.1

Tibetan (Batang)ŋy⁵³tɕhᴜ⁵³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.03

Tibetan (Khams:Dege)ŋu⁵⁵se⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.3

Tibetan (Lhasa)ŋy⁵⁵naʔ¹³morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.2

Tibetan (Lhasa)ŋy⁵⁵na⁵²morpheme nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.02

Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)ŋōl◦chu#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Bishop 89: 8.2.1

Tibetan (Written)rngul ‘sweat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 174

Tibetan (Written)rṅul ‘sweat’Marrison 67 Naga

Tibetan (Written)rṅul n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)rŋul ‘sweat’Luce 85: X.77

Tibetan (Written)rŋul ‘perspiration, sweat’Zhang Liansheng 88: 60

Tibetan (Written)rŋul nag#2483 PTB *s-nak ‘BLACK’PKC *nak ‘BLACK’PCN *a-njak ‘BLACK’PNN *C̥-ɲak ‘BLACK’PLB *s-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’PL *C-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.01

Tibetan (Written)rŋul nag#2483 PTB *s-nak ‘BLACK’PKC *nak ‘BLACK’PCN *a-njak ‘BLACK’PNN *C̥-ɲak ‘BLACK’PLB *s-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’PL *C-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’ ‘sweat ("black sweat")’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.1

Tibetan (Xiahe)hŋu tɕə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.04

2.1.4Tamangish6

*TGTMᴮʈuː / ᴮHruː ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

Manang (Prakaa)²ʈu ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

Tamang (Risiangku)²ʈuː ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

Tamang (Taglung)ʈuː ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

Thakali (Marpha)⁵⁴hru ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

Thakali (Syang)⁵⁵hru ‘sweat’Mazaudon 94 These: 378

2.2Newar4

Newar (Dolakhali)cal◦timorpheme ‘sweat’Genetti 90 Dola

Newarcaː◦timorpheme n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Newarcɔ:◦timorpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Shakya 89: 8.2.1

Newar (Kathmandu)cɔɔ◦timorpheme ‘sweat’Genetti 90 Kath

2.3Kiranti1

*BSDTKgol ‘sweat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 174

2.3.3Central Kiranti4

Dumisal◦dimmorpheme ‘sweat, perspiration’Driem 93 Dumi

Dumisa◦phomorpheme ‘sweat, perspiration’Driem 93 Dumi

Khaling'ghal n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Khalingghaal ‘sweat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 174

2.3.4Western Kiranti5

Bahinggɔː◦lɔmorpheme ‘sweat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 174

Bahinggɔ◦lɔsuffix n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Thulunggāl-asuffix ‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Thulunggoal ‘sweat’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 174

Thulunggoal ‘sweat’Allen 75

3.2Qiangic27

Guiqiongfu⁵⁵ tʃɿ³³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 GuiQ

Guiqiongfu⁵⁵tʃɿ³³#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.17

Guiqionghu⁵⁵tʃə³¹#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.16

Muya [Minyak]ȵi³³tɕu⁵⁵#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 8.2.1

Muya [Minyak]ȵi³³tɕu⁵⁵#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.15

Namuyiku³³ɬu⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 NamQ: 8.2.1

Namuyiku³³ɬu⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.19

Namuyiku³³ɬu⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.46

Pumi (Lanping)skhi⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.09

Pumi (Qinghua)skhi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.11

Pumi (Qinghua)skʰi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Taoba)ɕi⁵⁵morpheme dʐue³⁵ ‘sweat’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Taoba)ɕi⁵⁵morphemedʐue³⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.10

Qiang (Mawo)xtʂuə nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.08

Qiang (Mawo)xtʂwə ‘sweat’Sun J 86 Mawo

Qiang (Mawo)xtʂə ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.8

Qiang (Mawo)χtʂə ‘sweat’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Mawo)χtʂə ɸæqmorpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 MawQ: 8.2.1

Qiang (Mianchi)tʂhù ‘sweat’Evans 99 Qiang: 190

Qiang (Taoping)χtʂuə⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Taoping)χtʂuə⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.9

Qiang (Yadu)xtʂu ‘sweat’Dai 89 Qian: 190

Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tɕhu⁵⁵ʑi⁵⁵#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.16

Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tɕʰu⁵⁵ ʑi⁵⁵#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 ZhaQ: 8.2.1

Xumitɕyɛ⁵³ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.17

Xumitʃuɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ShiQ

Xumitʃuɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.20

3.3rGyalrongic4

Ergong (Danba)wɕi ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 ErDQ: 8.2.1

Ergong (Danba)wɕi ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.14

Daofuxɕi nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.12

Ergong (Daofu)ɸɕei ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Daof: 8.2.1

3.3.1rGyalrong7

rGyalrong (Aba Kehe Shuiricun)rŋəɫ◦'tɕʰə#1631 PTB *tsyu ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODY FLUID’PCN *a-tʃə ‘WATER’TGTM * ᴮkjui ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Nagano 2013 rGyDB: 0194

rGyalrong (Maerkang)təprefix ʃtʂᴇ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.11

rGyalrongtəprefix ʃtʂᴇ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.12

rGyalrongtəprefix◦ɕtʂɛt ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Jiar: 8.2.1

rGyalrong (Eastern)təprefix◦ʃtʂe ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 rEQ: 8.2.1

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦ʃtʂe ‘sweat / perspiration’Sun H 91 rNQ: 8.2.1

rGBenzhentəprefix-ʃtʂeʔ ‘sweat’Sun J 97 rGB

4Nungic5

Dulonggɯɹ⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.20

Trung [Dulong]gɯ̆ʴ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.46

Trung [Dulong]gɹəl⁴⁴a³²prefixpʻu⁴²morpheme n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Trung [Dulong] (Dulonghe)gɯ̆ɹ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 82 Dul

Trung [Dulong] (Nujiang)gŭɹ⁵³ ‘sweat’Sun H 82 Dul

5Tujia6

Tujia (Northern)gu1ce3morpheme n.‘sweat’Brassett 04 Tujia

Tujia (Northern)gu¹ce³morpheme ‘sweat’Brassett 06 Tujia: 2.1

Tujiaku⁵⁵ tsʰe²¹morpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Chen 86 TuBQ: 8.2.1

Tujia (Northern)ku⁵⁵ tsʰe²¹morpheme ‘sweat’Tian 86

Tujiaku⁵⁵tshie²¹morpheme nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.49

Tujiaku⁵⁵tshie²¹morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.38

6.1Lolo-Burmese2

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-grwəy² ‘sweat’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 591

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-grwəy² ‘sweat’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 597

6.1.1Burmish42

*Burmesekhrwê ‘sweat’Okell 71

Achang (Lianghe)ɑ³¹prefix xɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefix xə³⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 85 AcJZ

Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefixxə³⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.28

Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefixxə³⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.41

Achang (Luxi)a³¹prefix tsui³⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 85 AcJZ

Arakanesehcwei ‘sweat’Okell 71

Arakanesehkwì ‘sweat’Okell 71

Bolapau³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’ kjø̱³⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 89 Bola: 183

Bola (Luxi)pau³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’kjø̱³⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.32

Burmese (Modern)kʻrweː ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Burmese (Rangoon)tɕhwe⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.27

Burmese (Spoken)chwe⁴ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Burmese (Standard Spoken)hcweì ‘sweat’Okell 71

Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)tɕhwe⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.40

Burmese (Written)(khywe:)M ‘sweat’Okell 71

Burmese (Written)khjwe³ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.26

Burmese (Written)khjwe³ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.39

Burmese (Inscriptional)khruy ‘sweat’Okell 71

Burmese (Written)khrwê ‘sweat’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Burmese (Written)khrwê n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Burmese (Written)khrwê ‘sweat’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)khywê ‘sweat’Benedict 76 WBur

Burmese (Written)khywe: ‘sweat’Marrison 67 Naga

Burmese (Written)kʻruy ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Burmese (Written)kʻruy⁴ ‘sweat’Luce 85: X.77

Danuchwe² ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Hpun (Northern)ă hwàiŋ thò-ŋ v.‘sweat (cf.EMERGE / ISSUE)’also contains *s-twakprefix · suffixHenderson 86 Hpun

Hpun (Northern)ăprefix◦xwaĩ̀, ăprefix hwàiŋ ‘sweat’Henderson 86 Hpun

Hpun (Metjo)ăprefix◦χwaĩ⁴ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Inthahcweì ‘sweat’Okell 71

Langsu (Luxi)pau³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’kjø³⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.31

Lashipei³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’ ky⁵⁵ ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Lash: 8.2.1

Lashi (Lachhe')pweɪ⁴#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’-kyi³ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Leqi (Luxi)pei³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’ky⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.33

Marmakhywé ‘sweat’Huziwara 08 Sak: 51

Maru [Langsu]k'yō ‘sweat’Okell 71

Maru [Langsu]pau³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’ kjø³⁵ ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Lang: 8.2.1

Maru [Langsu]pau³¹#800 PTB *bəw ‘SWEAT’kjø³⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.43

Taung-Yochwe² ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Tavoyanhkwì ‘sweat’Okell 71

Tavoyantjwe ‘sweat’Okell 71

6.1.2Loloish4

*Loloishʔ-krwe² ‘sweat’Bradley 79 PLo: 151

*Loloishʔ-krwe² ‘sweat’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Lolophokæ⁵⁵ vi³³morpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Lolo: 8.2.1

PNLʔ-krwe² ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish39

Gazhuokɤ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 87 Gazh

Gazhuokɤ⁵⁵ ‘sweat / perspiration’Dai 89 Gazh: 8.2.1

Gazhuokɤ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Mu 03 Gazhuo

Gazhuokɤ⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.47

Gazhuokɤ⁵⁵tiɛ⁵⁵#298 PTB *m-t(w)əy-n ⪤ *m-ti-s ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID / RIVER / SOAK / SPIT’PKC *tuy ‘WATER / FLUID / LIQUID’PTk *dɨ ‘WATER’PLB *m/ʔ-titᴴ ‘WET / SOAK’PKar *thejᴬ ‘WATER’ ‘perspiration’Dai 91 TB15

Laloke²¹ ‘sweat / perspiration’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Lalokjè ‘sweat’Björverud 94

Lalotɕe² ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Liphokɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Liphokɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Nasutɕɔ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Nasutɕɵ⁵⁵ ‘sweat / perspiration’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Neisutɕɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Nesutʂa² ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Nesutʂe̱ṟ²¹ ‘sweat / perspiration’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Noesutɕe⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Nosuku²¹ ‘sweat’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Nusu (Northern)kɹɯ̱³⁵ ‘sweat’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Southern)tʂui⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central)xɹi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun J 86 Nusu

Nusu (Central)xɹi⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.34

Nusu (Bijiang)xɹi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.45

Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)xʴi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 89 NusA: 183.

Nusu (Central)xʴi⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Dai 89 NusB: 183.

Yi (Dafang)kə⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 85 YiJZ

Yi (Dafang)kə⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.22

Yi (Liangshan)ko²¹ ‘perspiration; sweat’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Liangshan)ku²¹ ‘perspiration; sweat’Ma 08 Yi: index

Yi (Mile)tʂᴀ⁵⁵ʑi³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.25

Yi (Mojiang)tsᴀ̱²¹ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.26

Yi (Nanhua)ke⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.37

Yi (Nanhua)kɛ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.24

Yi (Nanjian)tɕe²¹ɣɯ⁵⁵#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.23

Yi (Weishan)cᴇ²¹ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.36

Yi (Wuding)tɕɔ⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.38

Yi (Xide)ku²¹ ‘sweat’Chen 79 YiCh

Yi (Xide)ku²¹ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.35

Yi (Xide)ku²¹ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.21

Yi (Xide)ku²¹-ma³³morpheme ‘beads of sweat’Chen 79 YiCh

6.1.2.2Central Loloish41

Lolo (Ni)kiāi ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Ahitʂa⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Ahitʂa⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Ahitʂa⁵⁵ ‘sweat / perspiration’Luo 90: 8.2.1

Jinuokhi³³ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.34

Jinuokhi⁴⁴ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.44

Jinuo (Youle)kʰi⁴⁴ ‘sweat’Gai 86

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)kʰji⁴⁴ ‘sweat’Dai 89 JinA: 190

Jinuo (Baka)kʰji⁴⁴ ‘sweat’Dai 89 JinB: 190

Kucongkɯ35 ‘sweat’Dai 09 Kucong

*Common Lahukuiˍ ‘sweat’Bradley 79 PLo: 151

Lahu (Lancang)kɯ³¹ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.43

Lahu (Black)kui˯ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Lahu (Black)kə³¹ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.33

Lahu (Black)kɨ̄ n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)kɨ̄-nimorpheme n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Lahu (Black)kɯ³¹ ‘sweat’Chang 86

Lahu (Yellow)kɯ³¹ ‘sweat’Chang 86

Lahu (Banlan)aprefix keˍ◦g'i˯#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Bradley 79 Lahu: 151

Lisuchï n.‘sweat’Matisoff 87 BP

Lisu (Central)chï³ daw³#2718 PTB *s-twak ‘COME OUT / GO OUT / EMERGE’PKC *tshuak-I, tshuaʔ-II ‘COME OUT / EMERGE / APPEAR’PTk *ʃok ‘EMERGE / EXIT / COME OUT’PLB *ʔ-twakᴴ ‘COME OUT, GO OUT, EMERGE’ v.‘perspire’Fraser 22

Lisuchï¹ ‘sweat’Bradley 79 PLo: 151

Lisu (Theng-yüeh)chï¹ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Lisu (Central)chï¹ n.‘sweat’Fraser 22

Lisu (Central)chï¹ daw³#2718 PTB *s-twak ‘COME OUT / GO OUT / EMERGE’PKC *tshuak-I, tshuaʔ-II ‘COME OUT / EMERGE / APPEAR’PTk *ʃok ‘EMERGE / EXIT / COME OUT’PLB *ʔ-twakᴴ ‘COME OUT, GO OUT, EMERGE’ v.‘sweat’Fraser 22

Lisu (Putao)chɪ¹ ‘sweat’Luce 85: T.25

Lisu (Central)ji⁵⁵me²¹#3568 PL *man² ‘DIRT (on body)’ N‘dirt; sweat stain’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisu (Northern)tɕi⁵⁵ji³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ n‘sweat’Bradley 94 Lisu

Lisutɕi⁵⁵ʑi̱³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.40

Lisu (Nujiang)tʃi⁵⁵ ʒi³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Xu 86 Lisu

Lisutʃi⁵⁵ʒi³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.27

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 CS: 61.

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Chen 86 Yi: 8.2.1

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Ma 89 SanQ: 336.1

Yi (Sani)tɕæ⁵⁵ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.39

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ mɪ²¹#3568 PL *man² ‘DIRT (on body)’ ‘body filth’Wu 84: 227.2

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ sɿ̄⁴⁴morpheme zɑ²¹morpheme ‘sweat gland’Wu 84: 227.3

Sani [Nyi]tɕæ⁵⁵ ʐʅ³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Wu 84: 227.4

Sani [Nyi]tɕɛ⁵⁵do̱³³#2718 PTB *s-twak ‘COME OUT / GO OUT / EMERGE’PKC *tshuak-I, tshuaʔ-II ‘COME OUT / EMERGE / APPEAR’PTk *ʃok ‘EMERGE / EXIT / COME OUT’PLB *ʔ-twakᴴ ‘COME OUT, GO OUT, EMERGE’ v.‘sweat’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]tɕɛ⁵⁵kɛ⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Wu 84

Sani [Nyi]tɕɛ⁵⁵ʐi³³#1013 PTB *rəy ‘WATER / LIQUID / BODILY FLUID’PLB *rəy¹ ‘WATER’PL *re¹ ‘WATER’ ‘sweat’Wu 84

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish21

Akhakhɔ̀ ‘sweat’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Akha (Yunnan)khɔ̀ pjhú#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 166

Akha (Thai)khɔ̀-pjhú#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Hani (Dazhai)khɔ³¹phju⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.31

Hani (Lüchun)khə̀ phú#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Hani (Dazhai)kʰɔ³¹ pʰju⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Lüchun)khɔ³¹phju⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.41

Hani (Pijo)khì ‘sweat’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Hani (Pijo)khì tshámorpheme ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Hani (Caiyuan)tshi³¹tsha⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.30

Hani (Caiyuan)tɕʰi³¹ tsʰa⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Gelanghe)kʰu³¹ pʰju⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Shuikui)khɯ³¹fv̩⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.32

Hani (Wordlist)koq◦piul#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 166

Hani (Wordlist)koq◦piul#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘perspiration’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Hani (Shuikui)kʰɯ³¹ fv̩⁵⁵morpheme ‘sweat’Li Yongsui 86 Hani

Hani (Mojiang)khɯ³¹fv̩⁵⁵morpheme nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.42

Mpiŋ⁴morphemekhi⁶ ‘sweat’Hansson 89 AHKP: 235

Mpiŋ⁴prefixkhi⁶luŋ⁴morphememo⁴morpheme ‘sweat’Bradley 79 PLo

Mpiŋ⁴prefixkhi⁶luŋ⁴morphememo⁴morpheme ‘sweat / perspiration’Srinuan 76

Sangkongku³¹morpheme tɕho̱³¹ ‘sweat’Li Yongsui 91 Sang

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish4

Azhaʦʌ̠⁴⁵ʑi²¹morpheme ‘sweat’Pelkey 11 Phula: 321

Southern Mujiʨi²¹ʑi²¹morpheme ‘sweat’Pelkey 11 Phula: 321

Pholaki³³ ‘sweat’Pelkey 11 Phula: 321

Hlepho Phowaʦə⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Pelkey 11 Phula: 321

6.2Naxi8

Laze (Xiangjiao)ʈʂv˩ n.‘sweat’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 462

Na (Yongning)ʈʂv˩dʑi˧˩morpheme ‘sweat’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Na (Yongning)ʈʂv˩˧ ‘sweat’Michaud 06 NaLaze

Naxi (Lijiang)tsɯ⁵⁵ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.28

Naxitsɿ⁵³ nbp‘sweat’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0154.45

Naxi (Eastern)tʂv³¹ ‘sweat’He 85

Naxi (Yongning)tʂv¹³ ‘sweat’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 277.29

Naxi (Western)tʂv⁵⁵ ‘sweat’He 85

7Karenic2

Karen (Sgaw/Hinthada)go³¹ bø³³morpheme ‘sweat’Dai 89 KarB: 190

Karen (Sgaw/Yue)kă³¹ pɛ³³morpheme ‘sweat’Dai 89 KarA: 190

9.0.1Old Chinese1

Chinese (Old/Mid)gʼɑ̂n/ɣɑ̂n- ‘sweat’Karlgren 57 GSR: 139t

9.0.3Modern Chinese1

Chinese (Mandarin)hɑn ‘sweat’Karlgren 57 GSR: 139t

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #615, *s-(k/ŋ)rul ‘SWEAT’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/615

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

References: KEEP 6/2012

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-615,
  title  = {{*s-(k/ŋ)rul 'SWEAT'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #615},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/615}
}