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STEDT #2549

*r/g/s-pʷa

BAMBOO
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlepaprefixg/rinitialpʷrhymeacoverP · VWT

Intermediate reconstructions

Kuki-Chin*rua ‘BAMBOO’PKC #919
Central Naga (Ao Group)(b) *r-hwaʔ ‘BAMBOO’PCN #028
Central Naga (Ao Group)(a) *pwa/pu ‘BAMBOO’PCN #038
Tangkhulic*hwa ‘BAMBOO’DRM#316
Qiangic*s-pu ⪤ *m-pu ‘BAMBOO’
Lolo-Burmese*wa² ‘BAMBOO’
Karenic*hwa ‘BAMBOO’STC 139n374, HPTB p.305
Karenic*hwaᴮ ‘BAMBOO’TL#8

Connections

HPTB*g-pʷa ⪤ *r-pʷa ‘bamboo’pp. 61, 62, 134, 162, 175, 305, 387

Notes

The Qiangic languages attest both of the principal roots for BAMBOO, the present root and #5664 PTB *ma BAMBOO.

Chinese comparandum

笆 OC (*pɑ̊), (not in GSR #39) ‘thorny bamboo; bamboo basketry; bamboo fence’; Coblin 86:38 ST *pr̵waɣ > OC *prag; Schuessler 2007:152 (*prâ); B & S 2011: (*pˁra); Mand. bā.

Reflexes & cognates216 reflexes · 32 subgroups

0Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)2

*Sino-Tibetan(g-)pwɑ ‘kind of bamboo’Chou 72: 39s
*Sino-Tibetanpr+waɣ/br+waɣ ‘bamboo’Coblin 86: 38

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)7

*Tibeto-Burmang-pʷa ⪤ r-pʷa ‘bamboo’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 608
*Tibeto-Burmang-pɑ ‘bamboo’Chou 72: 39c

1.2Kuki-Chin1

1.2.1.1Northern Chin6

Sizangngūa ‘bamboo’VanBik 09 PKC: 919
Thadogúo ‘bamboo’VanBik 09 PKC: 919
Tiddim-gua n‘bamboo’Henderson 65 TidC
Tiddimgua² ‘bamboo’VanBik 09 PKC: 919

1.2.1.2Southern Plains Chin2

Ashoyó ‘bamboo’VanBik 09 PKC: 919

1.3“Naga” Areal Group1

Maringkowa ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)22

Ao (Chungli)a³prefix-uʔ¹ n.‘bamboo’Bruhn 14 PCN: II.274
Ao (Chungli)aprefix◦o ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Ao (Chungli)³aprefix¹uʔ ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 257
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-hwá̰ʔ n.‘bamboo sp.’Coupe 07 Ao
Ao (Mongsen: Mangmetong)[a]prefix-u n.‘bamboo sp.’Coupe 07 Ao
Lotha Nagave²morpheme-puʔ³ n.‘bamboo (large species)’Bruhn 14 PCN: III.038
Lotha Nagapu◦hrümorpheme ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha Nagavemorpheme◦pfu ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Lotha Nagavemorpheme◦pvü◦tsintsanmorpheme ‘bamboo’Murry 78: 8
Lotha Naga²vemorpheme-³pfɯ ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 884
Sangtamgho ‘bamboo’Kumar 73 Sang
Sangtamghu ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Yimchungrü⁽¹⁾hɯʔ ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 884

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group2

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦po ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Sema [Sumi]¹aprefix²pho ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 130

1.3.3Zeme Group1

Puironrua ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga

1.3.4Tangkhulic5

Huishukʰmorpheme-we-tʰɐŋ ‘bamboo’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.097
Kachaikəmorpheme-fu-tʰɐŋ ‘bamboo’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.097
Tusomsɯ-tʰɯə̃morpheme ‘bamboo’Mortensen 12 Tk: Plants.097
Ukhrulkəmorpheme-ha-tʰiŋ ‘bamboo’Mortensen 12 Tk

1.4Meithei2

Meitheiwa ‘bamboo’Abbi 85

1.7.1Bodo-Garo1

1.7.1.1Bodo13

Bodoumorpheme◦wá ‘bamboo’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoumorpheme◦wá burkamorpheme ‘bamboo full of knots’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoumorpheme◦wá gubəymorpheme ‘bamboo found in hills’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoumorpheme◦wá◦rimorpheme ‘caste representing the suppliers of bamboo to king’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoumorpheme◦wá◦rimorpheme ‘caste name--suppliers of bamboo to the king’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodoumorpheme◦wá◦taymorpheme ‘bamboo found in hills’Bhat 68 Boro
Bodozatimorpheme umorpheme◦wá ‘bamboo (kind of, used for mats, fence etc.)’Bhat 68 Boro
Dimasawah ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Kokborokwa ‘bamboo’Tripuri 88
Kokborokwa-roʔmorpheme ‘bamboo splits’Tripuri 88
Kokborokwa-roʔmorpheme ‘bamboo splinter /’Tripuri 88
Kokborokwa-šoŋmorpheme ‘bamboo tube’Tripuri 88
Mechewaʔ ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 130

1.7.1.2Garo5

Garowaʔ-amorpheme ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 257
Garo (Bangladesh)wa•-simorpheme n‘split bamboo’Burling 03 Garo: 5.638-II:idx
Garo (Bangladesh)wa•-simorpheme-rimorpheme n‘split bamboo’Burling 03 Garo: 5.639-II:idx
Garo (Bangladesh)wa•-singmorpheme n‘cup, bamboo; tube, bamboo’Burling 03 Garo: 5.438-II:idx

1.7.1.3Koch18

Atongwa• n‘bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦chunmorpheme n‘length of one bamboo stick’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦damorpheme n‘type of bamboo of which each culm comes out of the ground individually instead of in a bush’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦dokolongmorpheme n‘water pipe made of bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦gatmorpheme n‘bamboo shoulder yoke’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦gatrammorpheme n‘shoulder, literally: 'the place where you put the bamboo shoulder yoke'’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦gydokmorpheme n‘water pipe made of bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦jongmorpheme n‘type of bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦kaimorpheme n‘type of big bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦khaw•morpheme n‘one long half of a bamboo split lengthwise’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦khynthamorpheme n‘type of bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦phukmorpheme n‘white half of a strip of bamboo used to make rope’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦rungmorpheme n‘young bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦sungmorpheme n‘bamboo cylinder used as container and used to cook’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦sylmorpheme n‘green half of a strip of bamboo used to make rope’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦thokmorpheme n‘hollow bamboo stick’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦thyraimorpheme n‘type of bamboo’van Breugel 08 Atong
Atongwa•◦tyngmorpheme n‘bamboo strip used to make baskets, and other woven utensils as well as rope’van Breugel 08 Atong

1.7.3.1Jingpho7

Jingphokawa ‘bamboo’Marrison 67 Naga
Jingphokă̱⁵wa⁵⁵ ‘bamboo’Liu 84
Jingphokă⁵⁵wa⁵⁵ n‘bamboo’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0389.19
Jingphokă̱⁵⁵wa⁵⁵ ‘bamboo’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 183.47
Jingphokəwá ‘bamboo’Matisoff 74 TJLB: 313
Jingphokəwa⪤wa ‘bamboo’Benedict 72 STC: 44
Jingpho³kə³wa ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 257

2.1.2Bodic2

Motuo Menbapa n‘cane / vine (herba fibraureae recisae)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0390.07
Motuo Menbapa laŋmorpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container (for water)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.07

3.2Qiangic21

Muya [Minyak]ʐɯ³⁵mbɯ⁵³#5664 PTB *ma ‘BAMBOO’PQ *m(y)a ‘BAMBOO’PL *ma¹ ‘BAMBOO’tɕø⁵³morphemepɐ⁵⁵morphemepɐ⁵³morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.15
Pumi (Lanping)mʐɐ¹³pu⁵⁵morpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.09
Pumi (Lanping)mʐɐ¹³tiu⁵⁵morpheme n‘steamer (of bamboo, for food)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0548.09
Pumi (Qinghua)mʐɐ¹³qɑ¹³morphemeʐɑ¹³morpheme ‘hat (bamboo)’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 371.11
Pumi (Qinghua)mʐɐ⁵⁵ ‘bamboo’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 183.11
Pumi (Qinghua)mʐɐ⁵⁵ʂə¹³morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.11
Qiang (Longxi)pò (tí)morpheme ‘bamboo [bamboo-straight]’Evans 99 Qiang: 491
Qiang (Longxi)pò tímorpheme tsímorpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Evans 99 Qiang: 492
Qiang (Mawo)dɑmorpheme ʂpu v.‘split up (bamboo pole)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1557.08
Qiang (Mianchi)(pù) ʂèmorpheme dʐìmorpheme ‘broken (bamboo)’Evans 99 Qiang: 2231
Qiang (Mianchi)pù lèmorpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Evans 99 Qiang: 492
Qiang (Mianchi)pù tòumorpheme ‘grain measure (1 dl) (pù='bamboo'?)’Evans 99 Qiang: 796
Qiang (Mianchi)pù-thòŋloanword thóŋloanword ‘barrel (bamboo) [bamboo-b]’Evans 99 Qiang: 789

3.3rGyalrongic3

Ergong (Danba)wʐɯ sqhamorpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.14

3.3.1rGyalrong9

Caodengndʒwe-roʔmorpheme ‘bamboo stick’Sun J 97 Cao
Caodengndʒweʔ ‘bamboo’morphemeSun J 97 Cao
rGyalrongnɟjo tʃəkmorpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.12
rGyalrong (Maerkang)ɟjo thuŋmorpheme thuŋmorpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.11
rGBenzhendʒoʔ ‘bamboo’Sun J 97 rGB

4Nungic5

Rawangsəmi³³morpheme məsɯ⁵³morpheme thəmorpheme◦wɑ³³◦thɑn³³morpheme ‘tube (bamboo) for blowing on a fire’LaPolla 03: 648
Rawangthəmorpheme◦wɑ³³ ‘bamboo’LaPolla 03: 438
Rawangthəmorpheme◦wɑ³³ ‘bamboo’LaPolla 03: 479
Rawangəprefix◦wɑ³¹ ‘bamboo’LaPolla 03: 438
Rawangəprefix◦wɑ³¹ ‘bamboo’LaPolla 03: 480

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

6.1.1Burmish29

Achang (Lianghe)wɑ³¹pɑŋ³¹morpheme ‘bamboo’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Luxi)waʔ⁵⁵ ‘bamboo’Dai 85 AcJZ
Burmese (Rangoon)wɑ⁵⁵tɕi²²morphemetɑuʔ⁴morpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.27
Burmese (Written)wɑ³kjɑȵ²morphemetɔk⁴morpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.26
Hpun (Northern)tăprefix◦wà ‘bamboo’Henderson 86 Hpun
Langsu (Luxi)vɔ̆³⁵thauŋ³¹morpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.31
Leqi (Luxi)wo³³thuk⁵⁵morpheme n‘section of bamboo used as container’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0568.33

6.1.2Loloish2

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish5

Nusu (Bijiang)vɑ⁵⁵mi̱³⁵morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.45
Yi (Nanjian)vɑ²¹m̩(u̪)²¹morphemebɯ̱³³morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.23

6.1.2.2Central Loloish15

Jinuovɔ³³ ‘bamboo’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 183.34
Jinuo (Youle)vɔ⁴⁴ ‘bamboo’Gai 86
Jinuovɔ⁴⁴ n‘bamboo’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0389.44
Jinuo (Youle)vɔ⁴⁴pɹu⁵⁵morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Gai 86
Kucongvʌ31 tɕɛ31morpheme ‘bamboo’Dai 09 Kucong
Lahuvâ ‘bamboo’Weidert 87 TBTo: 257
Lahu (Lancang)vɑ⁵⁵pɑ³³morpheme n‘fence (bamboo / twig)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0521.43
Lahu (Black)vᴀ⁵³ ‘bamboo’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 183.33
Lahu (Black)vᴀ⁵³tu³³morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 184.33
Lahu (Yellow)va³ ‘bamboo’Chang 86
Lahu (Yellow)va³nɔ⁴morpheme~va³tu¹morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Chang 86

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish2

Mpiwo² ‘bamboo’Srinuan 76
Mpiwo²m⁴morphemephai⁶morpheme ‘bamboo’Srinuan 76

6.1.2.4Southeastern Loloish2

Pholavɑ³¹liɛ⁵²morpheme ‘bamboo shoot’Pelkey 11 Phula: 172
Pholavɑ³¹ʦɛ̠²³morpheme ‘bamboo’Pelkey 11 Phula: 171

7Karenic37

*Karenhwaᴮ ‘bamboo’Luangthongkum 13: 8
*Karen (TP)wáq ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
*Karen (Pwo)wáq ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
*Karenwáq ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
*Karen (Sgaw)wáʔ ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
Bwehʊ³³ ‘bamboo’Luangthongkum 13: 8
Kayahwe¹¹ ‘bamboo’Luangthongkum 13: 8
Kayanhwa¹¹~hau¹¹ ‘bamboo’Luangthongkum 13: 8
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ N‘bamboo’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ◦blânmorpheme N‘kind of bamboo (used for cooking rice) [lit. bamboo-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ◦kûmorpheme N‘bamboo stick’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ◦sò̤nmorpheme N‘bamboo clump’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ◦θámorpheme N‘kind of bamboo (good for making bamboo strips) [lit. bamboo-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Kayan (Pekon)ʍâ◦θonmorpheme N‘kind of bamboo (used to make flutes) [lit. bamboo-?]’Manson 10 Kayan
Pa-Owá ‘bamboo’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Owá ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
Pa-Owá bókmorpheme ‘bamboo container, not for wate’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Owá kɛ́morpheme tɔ̀kmorpheme ‘bamboo water container’Solnit 89 PaO
Pa-Owá sàmorpheme ‘bamboo splint’Solnit 89 PaO
Palaychiwáq ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
Pwo (Moulmein)wáʔ ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63
Sgaw (Southern)wa⁴⁵’ ‘bamboo’Luangthongkum 13: 8
Sgaw (Moulmein)wáʔ ‘bamboo’Jones 61: 63

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2549, *r/g/s-pʷa ‘BAMBOO’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2549
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#044, HPTB p.44
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2549,
  title  = {{*r/g/s-pʷa 'BAMBOO'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2549},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2549}
}