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STEDT #284

*(t)s-wa(s/r)

CHEEK / BUTTOCK / CHIN

Reconstruction analysis

handlets/sinitialwrhymeas/rcoverL · LS

Notes

This rather unusual reconstruction is meant to capture the alternation between reflexes with fricates and those with the labial semivowel. Note especially the WT forms kʻur-tʻsós ‘cheek’, h̥poṅ-t'sos ‘buttock’, and 'os-sko ‘chin’.

This root frequently occurs as a non-initial syllable in compounds.

Reflexes & cognates58 reflexes · 14 subgroups

1.1.1.1Western Tani5

Apataniaprefix-jomorpheme soʔ-komorpheme ‘jaw (upper)’Sun J 93 Tani

Apataniaprefix-kã#630 PTB *gam ‘JAW / CHIN / MOLAR’ soʔ-komorpheme ‘jaw (lower)’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanisò-komorpheme ‘jaw’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanisoʔ-komorpheme ‘jaw’Sun J 93 Tani

Apatanisoʔ-komorpheme aprefix-lo#238 PTB *g-r(w/y)a(ŋ/k) ‘BONE / SKELETON’PTani *loŋ ‘BONE’ ‘jawbone’Sun J 93 Tani

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group12

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix dzo³³ ‘cheek’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.11

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix dzo³³ ro³¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘cheekbone’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.11.1

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix me³¹#1187 PTB *s-ma-y ‘FACE / CHEEK / FRONT / AHEAD / FIRST’PKC *hmaay ‘FACE / FRONT’PKC *hmaa ‘FRONT / FIRST’PKC *hmaay-saa ‘AHEAD / FIRST’PCN *hmaj ‘FACE / SURFACE’PTk *maj ‘FACE’ tso³³ ‘jaw’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.13

Angami (Kohima)(u) me³¹ tso³³ pe³¹khro³³ ‘lower jaw’also contains *s-ma-yprefix · morpheme · morphemeNienu 90 AngQ: 3.13.1

Angami (Kohima)uprefix◦dzo ‘cheek’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokri(u)prefix dzo³³ ‘cheek’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.11

Chokri(u)prefix dzo³³ ro³¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘cheekbone’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.11.1

Chokri(u)prefix mü³¹#1187 PTB *s-ma-y ‘FACE / CHEEK / FRONT / AHEAD / FIRST’PKC *hmaay ‘FACE / FRONT’PKC *hmaa ‘FRONT / FIRST’PKC *hmaay-saa ‘AHEAD / FIRST’PCN *hmaj ‘FACE / SURFACE’PTk *maj ‘FACE’ tso³³ ‘jaw’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.13

Chokrimü³¹#1187 PTB *s-ma-y ‘FACE / CHEEK / FRONT / AHEAD / FIRST’PKC *hmaay ‘FACE / FRONT’PKC *hmaa ‘FRONT / FIRST’PKC *hmaay-saa ‘AHEAD / FIRST’PCN *hmaj ‘FACE / SURFACE’PTk *maj ‘FACE’ tso³³ rü³¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ khro³³morpheme ‘lower jaw / mandible’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.13.1

Chokrimu³¹#1187 PTB *s-ma-y ‘FACE / CHEEK / FRONT / AHEAD / FIRST’PKC *hmaay ‘FACE / FRONT’PKC *hmaa ‘FRONT / FIRST’PKC *hmaay-saa ‘AHEAD / FIRST’PCN *hmaj ‘FACE / SURFACE’PTk *maj ‘FACE’ tso³³ rü³¹#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ so¹¹morpheme ‘upper jaw / maxilla’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.13.2

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦nam#825 PTB *nam ‘EAR’◦chu ‘cheek’Marrison 67 Naga

2.1.2Bodic5

Baimandʑo¹³ tʃɑ³⁵morpheme ‘cheek’Sun H 91 Baim: 3.11

Kaikewā◦hmāmorpheme ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

Tsangla (Central)ni#2052 PTB *ney ‘CHEEK / CHIN’◦tsu ‘cheek’Egli-Roduner: 32 8a

Tshona (Mama)ʔoː⁵⁵ mᴀ⁵³morpheme ‘chin’Sun H 80 MLD

Tshona (Mama)ʔoː⁵⁵mᴀ⁵³morpheme ‘chin’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 247.6

2.1.2.1Tibetan7

Tibetan (Jirel)o◦koq#2057 PTB *s-kow ‘CHIN’ ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Lhasa)ɔ⁵⁵ma¹³morpheme ‘chin’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 247.2

Sherpao◦ku#2057 PTB *s-kow ‘CHIN’ ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)'os-sko#2057 PTB *s-kow ‘CHIN’ ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)h̥poṅ#404 PTB *(p/b)waŋ ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / TAIL / ANUS’-t'sos ‘buttock’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)kʻurmorpheme-tʻsós ‘cheek’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)rkub#405 PTB *r-kup ‘BUTTOCKS / ANUS’-t'sós ‘buttock’Matisoff 87 BP

2.3.4Western Kiranti8

Bahingtsoː tsoː ‘cheek’Matisoff 87 BP

Bahingtsoː◦tso ‘cheek’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 26

HayumUː#411 PTB *mu(n/ŋ) ‘BUTTOCKS / TAIL / BACK’◦tsho simorpheme◦kumorpheme◦li#413 PTB *s-li ‘HIPS / BUTTOCKS / ANUS’ ‘buttock’Matisoff 87 BP

Sunwarcoː◦co ‘cheek’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 26

Sunwarcoː◦co ‘cheek’Matisoff 87 BP

Thulungpho#277 PTB *pow ‘CHEEK’◦siu ‘cheek’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 25

Thulungpho#277 PTB *pow ‘CHEEK’◦siu ‘cheek’Allen 75

Thulungpho#277 PTB *pow ‘CHEEK’◦syu ‘cheek’Matisoff 87 BP

3.2Qiangic2

Qiang (Mawo)kəprefix tʂə ‘cheek’Sun H 91 MawQ: 3.11

Qiang (Mawo)kəprefix◦tʂ ‘cheek’Sun J 86 Mawo

3.3.1rGyalrong4

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mpʰos təntsimorpheme ‘buttocks’Sun H 91 rNQ: 5.10.1

rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦mpʰus tsəmorpheme ‘buttocks’Sun H 91 rNW: 5.10.1

rGyalrong (Eastern)wuʒ ba#268 PTB *m/s-ba ‘CHEEK / JAW / CHIN’PLB *ba² ‘CHEEK’PKar *Ɂbɔᴬ ‘NECK, CHEEK’◦ru#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘cheekbone’Sun H 91 rEQ: 3.11.1

rGyalrong (Eastern)wuʒ◦bɐm#163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’MesorootsPCN *pəm ‘SWELL, BE SWOLLEN’PLB *C-pwap ‘SWELL UP / BE SWOLLEN / STOUT / CALF OF LEG’Allofams1a #163 PTB *s-bʷa(m/p) ‘SWELL / SWOLLEN / FAT / THICK / ROUNDED PART’1b #1317 PTB *bwap ‘CALF / LEG’◦kɐm#630 PTB *gam ‘JAW / CHIN / MOLAR’ ‘cheek’Sun H 91 rEQ: 3.11

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish1

Gazhuotsho³³ ȵa⁵³morpheme ‘cheek’Dai 89 Gazh: 3.11

6.1.2.2Central Loloish3

Jinuo (Baya/Banai)to⁴⁴#225 PTB *m-daŋ ‘BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS’ tʃø⁴⁴ ‘buttocks’Dai 89 JinA: 125.1

Jinuo (Baka)to⁴⁴#225 PTB *m-daŋ ‘BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS’ tʃø⁴⁴ ‘buttocks’Dai 89 JinB: 125

Jinuotɔ³³#225 PTB *m-daŋ ‘BUTTOCKS / HIPS / TAIL / LOWER BACK / LOINS’tɕø³⁵ ‘buttocks’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 262.34

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish1

Hani (Khatu)pɔ̀#268 PTB *m/s-ba ‘CHEEK / JAW / CHIN’PLB *ba² ‘CHEEK’PKar *Ɂbɔᴬ ‘NECK, CHEEK’ sjiɛ ‘cheek’Hansson 89 AHKP: 49

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #284, *(t)s-wa(s/r) ‘CHEEK / BUTTOCK / CHIN’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/284

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-284,
  title  = {{*(t)s-wa(s/r) 'CHEEK / BUTTOCK / CHIN'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #284},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/284}
}