Reconstruction analysis
handlešiinitialšrhymeicoverS · V
Intermediate reconstructions
Notes
This root is abundantly attested in Tani, with scattered apparent cognates elsewhere.
Reflexes & cognates181 reflexes · 8 subgroups
1.1.1Tani1
1.1.1.1Western Tani133
Apatanijamorpheme-si bu#2178 PTB *bəw ‘INSECT / SNAKE / VERMIN / BUG’PTani *bɯ ‘SNAKE’PTani *bɯ-rem ‘PYTHON’PLB *bəw² ‘INSECT / VERMIN / BUG / SNAKE’-rimorpheme ‘snake (water)’Sun J 93 Tani
Apatanijamorpheme-si-bu#2178 PTB *bəw ‘INSECT / SNAKE / VERMIN / BUG’PTani *bɯ ‘SNAKE’PTani *bɯ-rem ‘PYTHON’PLB *bəw² ‘INSECT / VERMIN / BUG / SNAKE’-rimorpheme ‘water snake’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengni(kɯmorpheme-diːmorpheme aprefix-rɯŋ#6589 PTani *rɯŋ ‘DEEP’) si-vɯŋmorpheme n‘well’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengnipum#806 PTB *bu(k/ŋ) ‘NOSE / NOSTRIL’-si pum#806 PTB *bu(k/ŋ) ‘NOSE / NOSTRIL’-laːmorpheme ‘snot (watery)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniɯmorpheme-si aprefix-rɯŋ#6589 PTani *rɯŋ ‘DEEP’ ǰaː#6237 PTani *bjaŋ ‘SWIM’ ‘swim under water’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniɯprefix-si rap#5826 PTB *rap ‘CROSS (RIVER) / FORD / WADE’-pitmorpheme ‘cross (river)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniɯprefix-si tumorpheme-kjɯː#6391 PTani *krat² (?) ‘SPRINKLE / WATER (PLANT)’ ‘spray water (on plant)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bengniɯprefix-si vɯr#3528 PTB *hwar ‘THROW’MesorootsPTani *vor? ‘THROW / CAST’PKC *woor-I, worʔ-II ‘THROW / SCATTER / TOSS’Allofams1 #5557 PTB *bʷar ⪤ *hʷar ‘THROW (AWAY) / DIVORCE (A SPOUSE)’1a #2184 PTB *bwar ‘THROW AWAY / CAST / SOW / TOSS’1b #3528 PTB *hwar ‘THROW’-buːmorpheme ‘whirlpool’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarimorpheme ɕi wu#6314 PTani *fu ‘BOIL (v.i.)’ namorpheme n‘water (boiled)’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0453.24
Bokariprefix-si aprefix-laŋ#191 PTB *laŋ ‘WATER / FLUID / RIVER / VALLEY’PTani *laŋ ‘SOUP’PLB *laŋ¹ ‘RIVER / VALLEY’ ‘soup (watery)’Sun J 93 Tani
Bokarɕi ruŋ#2070 PTB *ruŋ ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / EAR’PTani *ruŋ ‘HOLE / DENT’ n‘well’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0035.24
Galo`iprefix◦si-`bɨ#2178 PTB *bəw ‘INSECT / SNAKE / VERMIN / BUG’PTani *bɯ ‘SNAKE’PTani *bɯ-rem ‘PYTHON’PLB *bəw² ‘INSECT / VERMIN / BUG / SNAKE’◦cimorpheme n.‘snake (variety)’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`pum#806 PTB *bu(k/ŋ) ‘NOSE / NOSTRIL’◦si-pum#806 PTB *bu(k/ŋ) ‘NOSE / NOSTRIL’◦laamorpheme n.‘nose water’GLDC 09 Galo
Galo`ɲɨk#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦si-ɲɨg#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦laamorpheme n.‘water (from the eyes)’GLDC 09 Galo
Galoiprefix◦si-tɯ#502 PTB *m/s-tuŋ ‘DRINK / SUCKLE’PTani *tɯŋ ‘DRINK’PLB *m-daŋ¹ ⪤ *m-doŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *m-daŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *ʔdaŋ¹ ‘GIVE TO DRINK’-limorpheme-namorpheme ‘thirsty’Das Gupta 63 Gal
Miri, Hillimorpheme◦sh'-tɯ#502 PTB *m/s-tuŋ ‘DRINK / SUCKLE’PTani *tɯŋ ‘DRINK’PLB *m-daŋ¹ ⪤ *m-doŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *m-daŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *ʔdaŋ¹ ‘GIVE TO DRINK’-namsuffix ‘drink water’Simon 76 Miri
Miri, Hilliprefix◦sh'-tɯ#502 PTB *m/s-tuŋ ‘DRINK / SUCKLE’PTani *tɯŋ ‘DRINK’PLB *m-daŋ¹ ⪤ *m-doŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *m-daŋ¹ ‘DRINK’PL *ʔdaŋ¹ ‘GIVE TO DRINK’-nemorpheme ‘thirsty’Simon 76 Miri
Taginaprefix◦gu#6335 PTani *gu ~ *gju? ‘HOT / WARM’◦nɤmorpheme imorpheme◦si ' ‘warm water'’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Tagincarmorpheme◦gu#6314 PTani *fu ‘BOIL (v.i.)’◦nɤmorpheme imorpheme◦si ‘water, boiled’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Tagineprefix◦siŋ#2658 PTB *si(ŋ/k) ‘TREE / WOOD / FIREWOOD’PTani *sɯŋ ‘WOOD / TREE’PKC *thiŋ ‘TREE / WOOD’PCN *siŋ ‘WOOD’PTk *tʰiŋ ‘WOOD’TGTM *ᴮsiŋ ‘TREE’PKir *siŋ ‘TREE’PLB *sikᴴ ⪤ *siŋ ‘TREE’◦ɤmorpheme iprefix◦si sulomorpheme ɟamorpheme-kirrmorpheme-domorpheme ‘Wood floats on water’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Taginimorpheme◦si car#6378 PTani *kil ‘BOIL (water)’◦gumorpheme◦domorpheme ‘water boil’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Taginiprefix◦si ɟi#2158 PTB *s-bəy-n/k ‘GIVE’PTani *bi ‘GIVE’PKC *pia-I, piak-II ‘GIVE / OFFER / ASSIGN / PRESENT’PCC *pee-I, peek-II ‘GIVE / OFFER / ASSIGN / PRESENT’PLB *bəy² ‘GIVE’-namsuffix ‘irrigation / give water’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Taginpi#7617 PTB *pu ‘POT / PLATE / DISH’PTani *pV ‘POT (generic)’PCN *phuʔ ‘POT / PLATE / DISH’TGTM *ᴬpuː ‘JAR / POT’◦ciŋ#6541 PTani *(pV)-kiŋ ‘POT (generic)’ imorpheme◦si◦ɤmorpheme akumorpheme-yariŋmorpheme-domorpheme ' ‘pot is full of water'’Das Gupta 83 Tag
Taginrokdinmorpheme imorpheme◦si◦lomorpheme lokmorpheme-lɯkmorpheme-domorpheme ‘Iron sinks in water’Das Gupta 83 Tag
1.1.1.2Eastern Tani35
Padam-Mishing [Abor-Miri]mik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-shi n.‘tears’Matisoff 87 BP
Damumik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-ɕi ‘tears’Sun J 93 Tani
Damumik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’-ɕi tɕepmorpheme ‘shed tears’Sun J 93 Tani
Damuʔaprefix-ɕi døːmorpheme-ruŋ#2070 PTB *ruŋ ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / EAR’PTani *ruŋ ‘HOLE / DENT’ ‘well’Sun J 93 Tani
Damuʔamorpheme-ɕi xər#3519 PTB *hus ⪤ *h(u/i)r ‘WASH / MOISTURE / WET’PTani *hɯr ‘WASH’-nəmorpheme ‘bathe’Sun J 93 Tani
Milangaprefix◦pumorpheme lomorpheme aprefix◦si koromorpheme taprefix-mukmorpheme ‘irrigation’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangmik#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’◦si ‘tears’Tayeng 76 Mil
Milangsi kal#6378 PTani *kil ‘BOIL (water)’-kal#6378 PTani *kil ‘BOIL (water)’-mamorpheme ‘boil water’Tayeng 76 Mil
1.7.1.2Garo1
2.1.2Bodic2
Tshona (Wenlang)mek⁵⁵#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ tsʰi⁵⁵ ‘tears’Lu 86 CuoM
Tshona (Mama)mik⁵³#682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’MesorootsPTani *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik ‘EYE’PKC *mik-kuu-I, -kuk-II ‘SLEEPY’PCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PTk *mik ‘EYE’PTk *mit ‘EYE’TGTM *ᴮʰmiː(ŋ) ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’tshi⁵³ n‘tear’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 239.6
2.1.2.1Tibetan1
3.3.1rGyalrong5
rGyalrongtəprefix mȵak#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ tɕi n.‘tears’Dai 89 Jiar: 3.4.6
rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mȵak#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ ətɕi ‘tears’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.4.6
rGyalrong (Eastern)təprefix◦mɲak#681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’MesorootsPCN *mjak ⪤ *hmik ‘EYE’PLB *s-myak ‘EYE’Allofams1 #33 PTB *s-myak ⪤ *s-mik ‘EYE’1a #682 PTB *s-mik ‘EYE’1b #681 PTB *s-myak ‘EYE’ tʃi ‘tears’Sun H 91 rEQ: 3.4.6
8Bai4
Bai (Dali)v#2473 PTB *r-məw ‘SKY / HEAVENS / CLOUDS’PTani *m(ə/u)k ‘CLOUD’ si 32 n‘rain’Dell 81: 981
Bai (Dali)vu³³#2473 PTB *r-məw ‘SKY / HEAVENS / CLOUDS’PTani *m(ə/u)k ‘CLOUD’ɕi⁴⁴o⁴² v‘rain’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 750.35
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #189,
*si ‘WATER’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/189Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-189,
title = {{*si 'WATER'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #189},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/189}
}