STEDT #2729
*tsa
SALT
Reconstruction analysis
handletsainitialtsrhymeacoverTS · V
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
HPTB*tsa ‘salt’pp. 31, 162, 165, 168, 172, 174
Notes
This root appears distinct from #2747 PTB *m-tsyi SALT / YEAST, which has a high vowel. The Qiangic reflexes belong here, since they have undergone a brightening change of a > i.
Chinese comparandum
鹺 OC *dz’ɑ̂, GSR #5m ‘salt’; Schuessler 2007:201 *dzâi; B & S 2011: *N-tsˤaj {N-[ts]ˤaj}; Mand. cuó.
Reflexes & cognates206 reflexes · 18 subgroups
0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)4
2.1.1Western Himalayish7
2.1.2Bodic7
2.1.2.1Tibetan12
3.1Tangut1
3.2Qiangic45
Muyatshə⁵³qhə³³#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1076.15
Pumi (Jiulong)tshi⁵⁵qhɑ¹¹#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1076.10
Qiang (Mawo)tshə qhɑ#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 891.8
Qiang (Mianchi)tshɨ̀-mí#2436 PTB *ma ‘(NEGATIVE)’PCN *maʔ ‘NO (REFUSAL)’-dzùmorpheme ‘bland [salt-NEG-enough?]’Evans 99 Qiang: 1531
Qiang (Mianchi)tshɨ̀-qhá#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty [salt-bitter]’Evans 99 Qiang: 1530
Qiang (Taoping)tshɿ⁵⁵qhɑ⁵⁵#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 891.9
Queyu (Yajiang) [Zhaba]tshi⁵⁵kha⁵³#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 891.16
Queyu (Xinlong)tɕhi⁵⁵tə³³morphemeqa⁵⁵#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’si³¹morpheme ‘salty’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 1076.13
Xumitshɐ⁵⁵qhɑ⁵⁵#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘salty’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 891.20
3.3rGyalrongic1
3.3.1rGyalrong11
6.1.1Burmish22
6.1.2Loloish2
6.1.2.1Northern Loloish27
6.1.2.2Central Loloish32
Lisu (Northern)a⁵⁵prefixni²¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’ tshaʔ²¹bɔ³³morpheme ‘salt for an ox’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Central)a⁵⁵prefixɲi²¹#2538 PTB *ŋwa ‘CATTLE’ tshaʔ²¹bɔ³³morpheme ‘salt for an ox’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)tsha²¹næ³³#2483 PTB *s-nak ‘BLACK’PKC *nak ‘BLACK’PCN *a-njak ‘BLACK’PNN *C̥-ɲak ‘BLACK’PLB *s-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’PL *C-nakᴴ ‘BLACK’ ‘black salt (cf. tsha²¹dʑæʔ²¹)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)tsha²¹phu³³#1235 PTB *plu ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’PLB *plu¹ ‘WHITE / SILVER / MONEY’ ‘white salt (cf. tsha²¹dʑæʔ²¹)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)tsha²¹sɤ²¹#1019 PTB *sey ‘FRUIT / ROSE / ROUND OBJECT’PTani *ze ‘FRUIT’PKC *thay ‘FRUIT’PKC *ʔaar-θii ⪤ *-sii ‘STAR’PCN *a-sej ‘FRUIT / SEED’PTk *tʰej ‘FRUIT’PKar *saᴮ ‘FRUIT’ ‘salt fruit (cf. tsha²¹dʑæʔ²¹)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)tsha²¹ve³³#2185 PTB *b/s-wat ‘FLOWER’PLB *s-watᴴ ‘BLOOM / FLOWER’ ‘salt flower (cf. tsha²¹dʑæʔ²¹)’Bradley 94 Lisu
6.1.2.3Southern Loloish16
6.2Naxi10
Laze (Xiangjiao)tsʰe˧qʰɑ˧#229 PTB *b-ka-n/m/ŋ ‘BITTER / SALTY / BILE / LIVER’PTani *ko ~ *kaː ‘BITTER’PKC *khaa-I, khaat ⪤ *khaak-II ‘BITTER’PCN *a-khaʔ ‘BITTER’PTk *kʰa ‘BITTER’PBG *bi-ka ‘LIVER’PNN *C̥-kʰaᴮ ‘BITTER’PL *ka² ‘BITTER’PKar *khaᴮ ‘BITTER’ ‘too salty’Michaud 06 NaLaze: 2171
7Karenic10
9Sinitic1
9.0.1Old Chinese4
9.0.2Middle Chinese1
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #2729,
*tsa ‘SALT’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2729Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: STC#214
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2729,
title = {{*tsa 'SALT'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2729},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2729}
}