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STEDT #2166

*b-rak

ROCK / STONE
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlebrakprefixbinitialrrhymeakcoverP · T

Intermediate reconstructions

Lolo-Burmese*ʔ-rakᴸ ‘ROCK / STONE’

Connections

HPTB*b-rak ‘rock / stone’p. 318

Chinese comparandum

璐 OC *glɑ̂g, GSR #766r’ ‘beautiful jade’; Schuessler 2007: (*râkh); B & S 2011: (*Cə.rˁak-s); Mand. lù.
珞 OC *glɑ̂k ~ *gliɑk, GSR #766u ‘small stones; trifling’; Schuessler 2007: (*râk); B & S 2011: *rˁak; Mand. luò.
礫 OC *gliok, GSR #1125j ‘pebbles’; Schuessler 2007: (*rêwk); B & S 2011: *rˁewk {[r]ˁewk}; Mand. lì.

Reflexes & cognates91 reflexes · 17 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)2

*Tibeto-Burmanb-rak ‘rock / stone’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 609

1.1.1.1Western Tani1

Bokartamorpheme-rok rok-bəmorpheme ‘rock (cliff)’Sun J 93 Tani

2.1.1Western Himalayish3

Kanauriragʻ n‘rock / stone’Bailey 11
Kanauritsommorpheme ketseamorpheme ragʻ ‘magnet (stone)’Bailey 11

2.1.2Bodic2

Cuona Menbatʂə³⁵pu⁵³morpheme n‘rock’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0027.06

2.1.2.1Tibetan17

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)ptʂak khoŋmorpheme ‘cave’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 33.5
Tibetan (Batang)tshɑʔ⁵³ n‘pit / stone’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0379.03
Tibetan (Written)brag phuŋmorpheme ‘cave’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 33.1
Tibetan (Written)brag.phrangmorpheme ‘footpath along the ledge of a steep mountain’Sun J 85 TbGl: 276

2.1.4Tamangish1

Tamang (Sahu)⁴praː ‘cliff / rock’Mazaudon 94 These: 720

2.3.1Eastern Kiranti1

Yamphuo•prefix◦bræk n‘big flat rock (on which grain is dried)’Rutgers 98: 562.16

2.3.4Western Kiranti1

Thulungbroa ‘cliff’Allen 75

5Tujia2

Tujiaɣa²¹pa²¹morpheme n‘stone’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0043.49
Tujiaɣa²¹pa²¹morpheme ‘stone / rock’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 42.38

6.1Lolo-Burmese1

*Lolo-Burmeseʔ-rakᴸ ‘rock / stone’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 609

6.1.2.2Central Loloish38

Kucongxa55 khu31morpheme ‘rock’Dai 09 Kucong
Kucongxa55 kv33morpheme ‘stone’Dai 09 Kucong
Lahu (Lancang)xɑ³⁵pɯ³³morpheme n‘rock’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0027.43
Lahu (Black)há n.‘rock, stone’Matisoff 88 DL: 1061
Lahu (Yellow)xa⁴ ‘rock / cliff’Chang 86
Lahu (Yellow)xa⁴pɯ¹suffix ‘stone / rock’Chang 86
Lisu (Northern)hwa²¹lɔ⁵⁵morphemeɣa⁵⁵morpheme ‘rock where animals stop when they are cornered’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Central)rgha¹-byá⁶morpheme n.‘precipice’Fraser 22
Lisu (Central)rgha¹-hchi³morpheme n.‘stone’Fraser 22
Lisu (Central)rgha¹-hchi³morpheme(-pa¹morpheme) ‘rock’Fraser 22
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵ N‘rock; stone; big stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵ba²¹morpheme ‘overhanging rock; overhanging cliff; precipice’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵bja²¹#2187 PTB *b(y/r)a ‘BIRD / BEE’PLB *bya² ‘BEE’PL *bya² ‘BEE’ dʒɿ²¹morphemetɤ⁵⁵morpheme ‘rock where rock bees usually build honeycomb’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵bæʔ²¹ne⁵⁵ ‘stone utensil (in fairy tales)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵dɤ²¹morphemepha²¹morpheme ‘stone mason’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵hã³³morphemeba⁴⁴morpheme ‘Shiyueliang ('Stone-Moon', name of place)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵lɔ³³morphemethu³³morpheme ‘stone trough’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵mja³³morphemeɣaʔ²¹morpheme ‘weathered stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵pa⁵⁵morpheme ‘big stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵phja⁵⁵morpheme ‘stone slab’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵pu³⁵morpheme ‘big stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵pø³³morpheme ‘pile of stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵thi⁵⁵morpheme ‘stone stairs (formed naturally)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵tsi⁵⁵morpheme ɣa⁵⁵ta³³morpheme ‘stone wall; rugged’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Central)ɣa⁵⁵tɕe⁵⁵morpheme ‘crack in rock’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵tɕɤ⁵⁵morpheme ‘crack in rock’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵tʃɿ⁵⁵morpheme ‘rock platform (flat platform formed naturally on sheer cliff)’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵vu²¹morpheme ‘rock; big stone’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisu (Northern)ɣa⁵⁵ɔ⁵⁵morphemedy³³morpheme ‘hill-top; top of rock’Bradley 94 Lisu
Lisuɣɑ⁵⁵ n‘rock’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0027.40

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish13

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #2166, *b-rak ‘ROCK / STONE’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2166
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
References: cf. STC#134, HPTB
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-2166,
  title  = {{*b-rak 'ROCK / STONE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #2166},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/2166}
}