STEDT
The Body  ›  Limbs, Joints, and Body Measures  ›  Hand, Arm, Wing
STEDT #711

*dwaŋ

WING / HAND
Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handleta/oŋinitialtrhymea/oŋcoverT · N

Connections

Allofams
HPTB*duŋ ‘wing’p. 285
See alsoCUBIT
Poss. allofam*pwaŋ ‘ARM (upper) / SHOULDER’

Notes

This is the best attested root with the meaning WING. The reflexes vary between a low central and a mid back vowel, suggesting a prototype with labial medial *dwaŋ. The two Black Lahu variants tō-làʔ-qú ~ tɔ̄-làʔ-qú reflect this: Lahu o frequently derives from *-oŋ, while Lahu ɔ often derives from *-aŋ. Similarly, Jingpho sùm thāŋ lə phùm ‘arm’ reflects *-aŋ, while Jingpho dòŋ ‘cubit’ comes from *-oŋ.

The Naxi and Zhaba forms reflect a variant with prenasalized initial.

There is an almost identical set of reflexes with the meaning CUBIT (see #710 PTB *dwaŋ CUBIT), which is undoubtedly related to the present root.

This root is to be distinguished from the phonologically similar #439 PTB *tuŋ KNEE / ELBOW.

Reflexes & cognates183 reflexes · 21 subgroups

0.1Tibeto-Burman (previously published reconstructions)1

1.1.1.2Eastern Tani1

Milangtamorpheme-kamorpheme-kamorpheme-taŋ ‘feather’Tayeng 76 Mil

1.2.4“Old Kuki”1

Moyonbʌmorpheme◦thá ‘wing (of bird)’Kosha 90: 6.1.9

1.7.1.4Deori3

Deori/Deurioprefix-tũ ‘arm, hand’Jacquesson 05 Deuri
Deori/Deurioprefix-tũ² ‘hand’unknown
Deori/Deurióprefix◦tu ‘hand’Brown 95: 66

2.3.2Southern Kiranti3

3.2Qiangic19

Ersubu⁵⁵ ɬɛ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ErsQ
Ersubu⁵⁵ɬɛ⁵⁵ ‘wing’The change du > bu is regular in Ersu. See Ersu bu³³mo⁵⁵/Lyuzu (TBL) du⁵³mu⁵³ ‘mad person’; Er. bu⁵⁵/Lz. (Mianning) `du ‘plow’; Er. jɑ³³bu⁵⁵/Lz. `ʒduʒdu ‘thick’; Er. bu⁵⁵tʂhɛ⁵⁵/Lz. dʐu⁵³tʂhɯ³¹ ‘year’; and Er. bu⁵⁵phɑ⁵⁵/Lz. (Mianning) dʑypʰæ ‘stomach’. This development is plausibly to be explained in terms of assimilation to the rhyme -u which is realized as a bilabial trill in this environment (Dominic Yu, p.c.).Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.18
Namuyidu⁵⁵tʂɿ⁵⁵ ‘wing (of bird)’Sun H 91 NamQ: 6.1.9
Namuyidu⁵⁵tʂɿ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.19
Namuyidu⁵⁵tʂɿ⁵⁵ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.46
Pumi (Qinghua)dõ¹³ ‘wing’Lu 83 Pumi

6.1.1Burmish28

Achang (Lianghe)a³¹prefix tuŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefix tuŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefixtuŋ⁵⁵ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.28
Achang (Longchuan)a³¹prefixtuŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.41
Achang (Luxi)a³¹prefix tɔŋ³¹ ‘wing’Dai 85 AcJZ
Achang (Xiandao)a³¹prefix tuŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Dai 89 Xian: 347
Achang (Xiandao)a³¹prefixtuŋ⁵⁵ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.29
Bolatauŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Dai 89 Bola: 347
Burmese (Rangoon)tɑ̃u²²pɑ̃²²morpheme n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.27
Burmese (Spoken Rangoon)tɑũ²²pɑ̃²²morpheme ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.40
Burmese (Written)aprefix◦toṅ ‘wing’Marrison 67 Naga
Burmese (Written)toŋ- ‘wing, limb’Benedict 76 WBur
Burmese (Written)tɔŋ²pɑṁ²morpheme n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.26
Burmese (Written)tɔŋ²pɑṁ²morpheme ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.39
Burmese (Written)əprefix-toŋ ‘quill; wing’Benedict 76 WBur
Hpun (Northern)ăprefix◦tɔ́ŋ ‘wing’Henderson 86 Hpun
Lashituŋ³¹ ‘wing (of bird)’Dai 89 Lash: 6.1.9
Marmaəprefix◦tɔŋ ‘wing’Huziwara 08 Sak: 316
Maru [Langsu]tauŋ³¹ ‘wing (of bird)’Dai 89 Lang: 6.1.9
Atsi [Zaiwa]tuŋ⁵¹ ‘wing’Xu 84 Zaiwa

6.1.2.1Northern Loloish37

Lalodú-lìqmorpheme ‘wing’Björverud 94
Lalodu̪⁵⁵ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Lalodu̱⁵⁵ lɪ̱²¹morpheme ‘wing (of bird)’Chen 86 Yi: 6.1.9
Liphodu³³ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Liphodu³³le̱²¹morpheme ‘wing(of bird)’Chen 86 Yi: 6.1.9
Luquandv̩¹¹ ‘wing’Ma 48 Lolo
Nasudu²¹ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Neisudu²¹ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Nesudo²¹ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Nosudu³³ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Nosudu̱⁴⁴du̱³³ ‘wing(of bird)’Chen 86 Yi: 6.1.9
Nusu (Central)bia³³morpheme doŋ³³ ‘wing’Dai 89 NusB: 347.
Nusu (Central/Zhizhiluo)bia³⁵morpheme dõ³⁵ ‘wing’Dai 89 NusA: 347.
Nusu (Central)biɑ⁵⁵morpheme dũ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun J 86 Nusu
Nusu (Bijiang)biɑ⁵⁵morphemedũ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.45
Nusu (Northern)biɔ³¹morpheme dõ³¹ ‘wing’Sun J 86 Nusu
Nusu (Southern)dõ³⁵ ‘wing’Sun J 86 Nusu
Yi (Xide)du̱⁴⁴ du̱³³ ‘wing’Chen 85 YiJZ
Yi (Xide)du̱⁴⁴du̱³³ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.21

6.1.2.2Central Loloish35

Ahito² ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.
Jinuoa³³prefixto⁴⁴ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.44
Jinuoa³³prefixto⁴⁴ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.34
Jinuo (Baya/Banai)a⁴⁴prefix to⁴⁴ ‘wing’Dai 89 JinA: 370
Jinuo (Baka)a⁴⁴prefix tu⁴⁴ ‘wing’Dai 89 JinB: 370
Jinuo (Youle)ɑ³³prefix to⁴⁴ ‘wing’Gai 86
Lisu (Central)du³ ‘feather’Fraser 22
Sani [Nyi]tu³³ ‘wing’Chen 86 CS: 43.

6.1.2.3Southern Loloish25

Akha (Yunnan)àprefix dáŋ ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Akha (Thai)àprefix◦dáŋ ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Akhadáŋ ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Hani (Lüchun)àprefix dɔ́ ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Hani (Dazhai)a³¹prefix dɔ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Li Yongsui 86 Hani
Hani (Dazhai)a³¹prefixdɔ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.31
Hani (Lüchun)a³¹prefixdɔ⁵⁵ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.41
Hani (Pijo)pímorpheme◦tú ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Hani (Caiyuan)ɔ³¹prefix tu⁵⁵ ‘wing’Li Yongsui 86 Hani
Hani (Caiyuan)ɔ³¹prefixtu⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.30
Hani (Gelanghe)a³¹prefix daŋ⁵⁵ ‘wing’Li Yongsui 86 Hani
Hani (Wordlist)aqprefix◦ddaol ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Hani (Shuikui)ɔ⁵⁵prefix tu⁵⁵ ‘wing’Li Yongsui 86 Hani
Hani (Shuikui)ɔ⁵⁵prefixtu⁵⁵ ‘wing’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 171.32
Hani (Mojiang)ɔ⁵⁵prefixtu⁵⁵ n‘wing’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0298.42
Mpituŋ⁶ ‘wing’Hansson 89 AHKP: 416
Côông [Phunoi]hijamorpheme ãmorpheme◦tũ⁵⁵ ‘feather (of bird)’Ferlus 91: 8.1.5

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #711, *dwaŋ ‘WING / HAND’.
Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/711
Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-711,
  title  = {{*dwaŋ 'WING / HAND'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #711},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/711}
}