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STEDT #1190

*zyal

FACE / MOUTH

Proto-Tibeto-Burman · exemplary

Reconstruction analysis

handlezyalinitialzyrhymealcoverS · L

Notes

The cognacy of the Jingpho morpheme is open to question, since final *-l usually becomes Jingpho -n.

Reflexes & cognates46 reflexes · 11 subgroups

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)4

Lotha Nagaēprefix◦yò ‘cheek’Acharya 75

Lotha Nagaeprefix◦yo ‘cheek’Marrison 67 Naga

Lotha NagaEprefix◦yo ‘cheek’Nienu 90 LotQ: 3.11

Lotha NagaEprefix◦yo◦ru#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘cheekbone’Nienu 90 LotQ: 3.11.1

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group10

Angami (Khonoma)ze ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix zie³¹ ‘face’Nienu 90 AngQ: 3.1

Angami (Kohima)(u)prefix zie³¹ tha⁵⁵#1111 PTB *(t)sya-y ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ ‘beard / moustache’Nienu 90 AngQ: 8.1.2

Angami (Kohima)uprefix◦zie ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokri(u)prefix zü³¹ ‘face’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.1

Chokri(u)prefix zu³¹ ma³⁵#1114 PTB *s-ma-ŋ ‘BEARD / MOUSTACHE’ ‘beard / moustache’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 8.1.2

Chokriuprefix◦zü ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Khezhakeb#278 PTB *kap ‘JAW / CHEEK / CHIN’◦zo ‘cheek’Marrison 67 Naga

Maooprefix◦zho ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Mao²oprefix⁵žo ‘face’Weidert 87 TBTo: 408

1.3.3Zeme Group9

Khoiraojau ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Liangmeiaprefix-zo ‘face’Weidert 87 TBTo: 408

Liangmeitamorpheme◦ju ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Maramaprefix◦yo ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeijau ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Rongmei / Nruanghmeimái#1187 PTB *s-ma-y ‘FACE / CHEEK / FRONT / AHEAD / FIRST’PKC *hmaay ‘FACE / FRONT’PKC *hmaa ‘FRONT / FIRST’PKC *hmaay-saa ‘AHEAD / FIRST’PCN *hmaj ‘FACE / SURFACE’PTk *maj ‘FACE’-zæ̂u ‘face’Weidert 87 TBTo: 408

Zememi#1002 PPC *r-mi(y)-n ‘PERSON / MAN’PTani *miː ‘MAN (homo)’PKC *mii ‘PERSON / MAN / PEOPLE’PCN *a-[h]məjʔ ‘PERSON, HUMAN’PTk *mi ‘MAN / HUMAN’PNN *C̥-məy ‘MAN (generic)’TGTM *ᴬmi ‘MAN’◦zu ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

Zeme³mi#1002 PPC *r-mi(y)-n ‘PERSON / MAN’PTani *miː ‘MAN (homo)’PKC *mii ‘PERSON / MAN / PEOPLE’PCN *a-[h]məjʔ ‘PERSON, HUMAN’PTk *mi ‘MAN / HUMAN’PNN *C̥-məy ‘MAN (generic)’TGTM *ᴬmi ‘MAN’⁵zu ‘face’Weidert 87 TBTo: 408

Mziemezu ‘face’Marrison 67 Naga

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang2

Konyakmeng#264 PTB *m-b(y/r)aŋ ‘CHEEK’PKC *ɓiaŋ ‘CHEEK’◦ya ‘cheek’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyakmeŋ#264 PTB *m-b(y/r)aŋ ‘CHEEK’PKC *ɓiaŋ ‘CHEEK’ ya ‘cheek’French 83: 467

1.7.3.1Jingpho3

Jingphoshingmorpheme-yaw ‘face (poet.)’Matisoff 87 BP

Jingphošíŋmorpheme-yɔ̂ ‘face’Dai 83 Jing: 798

Jingphounmorpheme-yaw ‘face’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.2.1Tibetan7

Tibetan (Written)z̀al ‘mouth; face'’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)źal ‘mouth’Benedict 72 STC: 106

Tibetan (Written)z̀al-ko#2057 PTB *s-kow ‘CHIN’ ‘chin’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)z̀al-lpags#588 PTB *l-pak ‘SKIN’ ‘lip’WT z̀al is an honorific form for kha ‘mouth’.Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)z̀al-mc̀ʻu#442 PTB *m-ts(y)ul ‘NOSE AND MOUTH / LIP / LOWER PART OF FACE’ ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)z̀al-rgyan#2064 PTB *r-gya-n ‘BEARD’ ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)z̀al-tʻsom#366 PTB *(t)sam ‘HAIR (head)’PKC *sʰam ‘HAIR (head)’PCN *a-tshaːm ‘HAIR (FACE / HEAD)’PCN *a-həm ‘HAIR / LEAF / FEATHER’PTk *sam ‘HAIR (HEAD)’ ‘chin-beard’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.3Lepcha1

Lepchajal ‘face’Matisoff 87 BP

2.3.2Southern Kiranti1

Chamlingnga#1192 PTB *r-ŋwa-l ‘FACE / FRONT’Allofams3a #1192 PTB *r-ŋwa-l ‘FACE / FRONT’3b #2017 PTB *ŋar ‘TOPKNOT / FOREPART / FRONT SIDE’3c #2525 PTB *s-ŋa ‘BEFORE / FRONT’◦ya ‘face’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 60

3.2Qiangic4

Pumi (Jiulong)zø³⁵ n‘face’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0082.10

Pumi (Lanping)ziɯu⁵⁵ n‘face’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0082.09

Pumi (Qinghua)ziɯu⁵⁵ ‘face’Lu 83 Pumi

Pumi (Qinghua)ziɯu⁵⁵ ‘face’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 236.11

3.3.1rGyalrong4

rGyalrongtaprefix jo ‘face’Dai 89 Jiar: 3.1

rGyalrongtaprefix jo wamorpheme rȵᴇ#368 PTB *r-(n/m)ey ‘HAIR OF HEAD’ ‘beard / moustache’Dai 89 Jiar: 8.1.2

rGyalrong (Eastern)tɐprefix◦jo ‘face’Sun H 91 rEQ: 3.1

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦ʑu ‘face’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.1

6.1.2.2Central Loloish1

Sani [Nyi]n̩⁵⁵#467 PTB *s-muːr ‘MOUTH / LIP / HOLD IN MOUTH / CHEW / FACE / GILLS’PKC *hmuur ‘LIP / BEAK / MOUTH / TIP’PCN *mən ‘MOUTH’PTk *mor ‘MOUTH’ zɑ⁴⁴ ‘mouth’Ma 89 SanQ: 322.5

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #1190, *zyal ‘FACE / MOUTH’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1190

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-1190,
  title  = {{*zyal 'FACE / MOUTH'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #1190},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/1190}
}