The Body › Mouth and Throat › Lip

STEDT #442

*m-ts(y)ul

NOSE AND MOUTH / LIP / LOWER PART OF FACE

Proto-Tibeto-Burman

Reconstruction analysis

handlem/s-dprefixm/sinitiald(y)rhymeu-l/r/ncoverT · VNL

Connections

HPTB*m-ts(y)ul ‘lip / beak’pp. 415, 423

Chinese comparandum

觜 OC *tsi̯ɑ̆r, GSR #358t ‘beak, snout, mouth’; Schuessler 2007:636 *tse or *tsai; Mand. zī.
觜/嘴 OC *tsi̯wɑ̆r, GSR #358t ‘beak, snout, mouth’; Schuessler 2007:636 *tsoiʔ; Mand. zǔi.
脣/唇 OC *d̑’i̯wən, GSR #455u ‘lips’; Schuessler 2007:197 *m-dun; B & S 2011: *sə.dur {sə.[d]ur}; Mand. chun.

Reflexes & cognates184 reflexes · 41 subgroups

0Sino-Tibetan (previously published reconstructions)1

*Sino-Tibetanmtr+yəɣw ‘beak / lip’Coblin 86: 39

Kaman [Miju]ȵtɕʰɯu⁵³ ‘mouth’Sun H 80 MLD

1.2.2Central Chin1

Lushai [Mizo]hna#803 PTB *s-na ⪤ *s-naːr ‘NOSE’PKC *hnaar ‘NOSE’PCN *na(ʔ) ‘NOSE’PTk *na ‘NOSE’TGTM *ᴬʰna ‘NOSE’-pasu ‘nose’Matisoff 87 BP

1.3.1Central Naga (Ao Group)1

Ao (Chungli)vo#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’-thun ‘beak / bill’French 83: 524

1.3.2Angami-Pochuri Group5

Angami (Khonoma)sho ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Angami (Kohima)uprefix◦sho ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Chokrithü³¹prefix vo¹¹#1006 PTB *pʷak ‘PIG’PKC *wok ‘PIG’PTk *hwok ‘PIG’PNN *wak ‘PIG’TGTM *ᴮɖwa ‘PIG’PLB *wakᴸ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔʔ / tháuʔ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰmiᴬ ‘BOAR (WILD~)’PBai *te ‘PIG’ hü³¹morpheme tso³⁵ ‘snout’Nienu 90 ChoQ: 3.5.5

Chokriuprefix◦su ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Sema [Sumi]aprefix◦mtsü ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

1.5Mikir [Karbi]11

Mikir [Karbi]ang#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦tur ang#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦mum#2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘moustache’Matisoff 87 BP

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tur ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tur ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tùr ‘mouth’Grüssner 79 BP: 22

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tùr ‘lip’Grüssner 79 BP: 22

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tùr ‘beak / bill’Grüssner 79 BP: glossary p

Mikir [Karbi]ingprefix◦tùr ang#5450 PTB *ʔa(ŋ/k)- ‘NOUN PREFIX’◦mûm#2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘moustache’Grüssner 79 BP: 22

Mikir [Karbi]tur-ber#452 PTB *b(i/u)l ⪤ *byal ‘LIP / LOBE / LID’PTani *bel ‘LIP’ ‘lower lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Mikir [Karbi]tùr-bēr#452 PTB *b(i/u)l ⪤ *byal ‘LIP / LOBE / LID’PTani *bel ‘LIP’ ‘lower lip’Grüssner 79 BP: 92

Mikir [Karbi]tùr-thàk#1722 PTB *l-t(y)ak ‘UPPER SURFACE / TOP / ABOVE / CLIMB / LIFT / ASCEND / PALATE’Allofams9 #1722 PTB *l-t(y)ak ‘UPPER SURFACE / TOP / ABOVE / CLIMB / LIFT / ASCEND / PALATE’9a #391 PTB *s-tak ‘HEAD’ ‘upper lip’Grüssner 79 BP: 92

Mikir [Karbi]tur◦thak#1722 PTB *l-t(y)ak ‘UPPER SURFACE / TOP / ABOVE / CLIMB / LIFT / ASCEND / PALATE’Allofams9 #1722 PTB *l-t(y)ak ‘UPPER SURFACE / TOP / ABOVE / CLIMB / LIFT / ASCEND / PALATE’9a #391 PTB *s-tak ‘HEAD’ ‘upper lip’Matisoff 87 BP

1.7.1Bodo-Garo1

*Barishyun ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

1.7.1.1Bodo1

Bodotenmorpheme◦tú ‘beak / bill’Matisoff 87 BP

1.7.1.2Garo1

Garo (Bangladesh)ku•prefix-chil bretmorpheme-amorpheme vph‘chapped lips’Burling 03 Garo: 8.953-II:idx

1.7.1.4Deori2

Deori/Deuridummorpheme ju¹ simorpheme◦mu¹#363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’MesorootsPKC *mul ⪤ *hmul ‘HAIR (body) / FUR / WOOL’Allofams1 #363 PTB *s/r-mul ⪤ *s-mil ⪤ *s-myal ‘HAIR / FUR / FEATHER’1a #1429 PTB *s-mu-t ‘BEARD / FACIAL HAIR / HAIR’1b #2058 PTB *mum ‘CHIN / BEARD’ ‘beard’unknown

Deori/Deuridummorpheme◦ju¹ ‘mouth’unknown

1.7.2Northern Naga/Konyakian1

*Northern Naga*N-thuːr ‘edge / mouth’French 83: 524

1.7.2.1Tangsa-Nocte5

Noctetun ‘mouth’Marrison 67 Naga

Noctetʰun ‘mouth’French 83: 524

Noctetʰun kʰuap#783 PTB *kwap ‘SKIN / LIP / SCALES (fish) / SHELL’MesorootsPCN *kəp ‘SKIN / COVER (n.)’Allofams7a #783 PTB *kwap ‘SKIN / LIP / SCALES (fish) / SHELL’7b #5516 PTB *krap ‘SHELL / SHIELD’ ‘lip’French 83: 515

Noctevo#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’ tʰun ‘beak / bill’French 83: 524

Nocte¹thun ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

1.7.2.2Konyak-Chang15

Changtʰuən ‘edge, end’French 83: 524

Khiamngan²¹so̥n ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

Konyakju ‘mouth’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyakju ‘mouth’French 83: 524

Konyakju pen#453 PTB *ban ‘MOUTH / LIP’ ‘lip’French 83: 524

Konyakju peŋmorpheme ‘point, rim, mouth’French 83: 490

Konyakju◦pen#453 PTB *ban ‘MOUTH / LIP’ ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Konyak (Tamlu)dɯn ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

Konyak (Wakching)ju ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

Phomju ‘mouth’Marrison 67 Naga

Phomju ‘mouth’French 83: 524

Phomshungmorpheme◦chu ‘nose’Marrison 67 Naga

Phomšuŋmorpheme cu ‘nose’French 83: 527

Wanchotun ‘mouth’Marrison 67 Naga

Wanchotun ‘mouth’French 83: 524

1.7.3.2Asakian8

Androšūn ‘mouth’Luce 85: K.54

Chaireldū-kwī#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Luce 85: K.54

Ganansʻŭprefix◦dᴜn² ‘mouth’Luce 85: K.54

Kadus'əprefix◦dün ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Kadu (Kantu)sʻăprefix◦dun² ‘mouth’Luce 85: K.54

Kadu (Kantu)sʻăprefix◦tun² ‘mouth’Luce 85: K.54

Luidu-khwí#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Luishun ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.1Western Himalayish2

Bunanchù◦ta#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘beak / bill’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 3.9.3

Bunanju ‘lip’Sharma, S.R. 91 Bu: 3.9

2.1.2Bodic4

Baimamɑ¹³morpheme ndʒo³⁴¹ ‘lower lip’Sun H 91 Baim: 3.9.2

Baimandʒo³⁵ ‘lip’Sun H 91 Baim: 3.9

Kaikechhyo◦chyā#448 PTB *d(y)al ‘LIP / SKIN’ ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tshona (Mama)tɕhu⁵⁵kɔ⁵⁵morphememen⁵³#467 PTB *s-muːr ‘MOUTH / LIP / HOLD IN MOUTH / CHEW / FACE / GILLS’PKC *hmuur ‘LIP / BEAK / MOUTH / TIP’PCN *mən ‘MOUTH’PTk *mor ‘MOUTH’ ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.6

2.1.2.1Tibetan34

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)mtɕhə ləmorpheme ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.5

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)ntɕʰə tʰo#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Sun J 85 Amdo: 447

Tibetan (Amdo:Zeku)ræ#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’ ntɕʰə ‘beak / bill’Sun J 85 Amdo: 52

Tibetan (Batang)tɕhə⁵⁵ də⁵⁵#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Dai 89 Bata: 3.9

Tibetan (Batang)tɕhə⁵⁵ də⁵⁵#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ma¹³morpheme kha⁵³morpheme ‘lower lip’Dai 89 Bata: 3.9.2

Tibetan (Jirel)cyho◦doq#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Khams:Dege)tɕho⁵³ ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.3

Tibetan (Lhasa)tɕhu⁵³to⁵³#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.2

Tibetan (Sherpa:Helambu)chho◦do#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘beak / bill’Bishop 89: 3.9.3

Sherpacu◦tukmorpheme ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Spitichù◦to#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Bodh 91: 3.9

Spitichù◦to#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ mašomorpheme ‘lower lip’Bodh 91: 3.9.2

Spiticimorpheme sul◦to#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘beak / bill’Bodh 91: 3.9.3

Tibetan (Spiti)cʰu◦to#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Sharma, S.R. 79 Sp

Tibetan (Written)k'a#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’-mt'sul ‘lower part of face; muzzle, as of dogs’Matisoff 87 BP: 167

Tibetan (Written)kʻa#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’-mc̀ʻu ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)mamorpheme mc̀ʻu ‘lower lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)mć'u-lto#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘beak / bill’Jäschke 1881: 165

Tibetan (Written)mchu ‘lip’Marrison 67 Naga

Tibetan (Written)mchu ‘lip, bill / beak of birds’Coblin 86: 39

Tibetan (Written)mchu.tho#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Sun J 85 TbGl: 447

Tibetan (Written)mc̀ʻu ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)mt'sul-pasuffix ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)mtśhu ‘lip’Chou 72: 455u

Tibetan (Written)mtɕhu ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.1

Tibetan (Written)mtʃhu-to#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘lip’Zhang Liansheng 88: 24

Tibetan (Written)mtʻsul-pasuffix ‘beak / bill’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)mtʻsul-pasuffix ‘nose’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)rwa#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’.mchu ‘beak / bill’Sun J 85 TbGl: 52

Tibetan (Written)sna#803 PTB *s-na ⪤ *s-naːr ‘NOSE’PKC *hnaar ‘NOSE’PCN *na(ʔ) ‘NOSE’PTk *na ‘NOSE’TGTM *ᴬʰna ‘NOSE’-mc̀ʻu~sna#803 PTB *s-na ⪤ *s-naːr ‘NOSE’PKC *hnaar ‘NOSE’PCN *na(ʔ) ‘NOSE’PTk *na ‘NOSE’TGTM *ᴬʰna ‘NOSE’-goṅ#809 PTB *(k/g)ywaŋ ‘NOSE’ ‘trunk’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)z̀al#1190 PTB *zyal ‘FACE / MOUTH’-mc̀ʻu ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Tibetan (Written)źur ‘snout / muzzle / trunk’e?Jäschke 1881: 477

"Pre-Tibetan"mthyu ‘beak / lip’Coblin 86: 39

2.1.3Lepcha1

Lepchaaprefix-dul ‘lip of crater, rim’Matisoff 87 BP

2.1.4Tamangish1

Chantyalcuc◦co#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’ ‘beak / bill’Noonan 92: 3.9.3

2.2Newar8

Newarmhutu ‘mouth’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 120

Newar (Kathmandu)mhutu ‘mouth’Genetti 90 Kath

Newarmhutu ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Newarmhutu ‘mouth’Shakya 89: 3.7

Newarmuthu ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

Newar (Dolakhali)muthu ‘mouth’Genetti 90 Dola

Newarmʰutu◦etaegumorpheme v.‘hold in mouth’Shakya 89: 3.7.14

Newarmʱu-ʈu ‘mouth’Weidert 87 TBTo: 736

2.3.2Southern Kiranti2

Bantawado-pheʔ#590 PTB *p(y)ik ‘SKIN / PEEL’PKar *pheɁᴰ ‘BARK (n.), LEATHER, SKIN’◦wasuffix ‘lip’Rai 84 BnDc: 24

Bantawado◦pheʔ#590 PTB *p(y)ik ‘SKIN / PEEL’PKar *pheɁᴰ ‘BARK (n.), LEATHER, SKIN’◦wasuffix ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

2.3.3Central Kiranti1

Dumikəm#454 PTB *r-ka(ː)m ‘LIP / MOUTH / EDGE / BANK’PKC *kam ‘MOUTH’PCC *kam ‘BANK / SIDE / SHORE’◦tso ‘beak, bill, snout, mouth (of animals).’Driem 93 Dumi

2.3.4Western Kiranti4

Hayumuk#687 PTB *s-muk ‘MOUTH’◦tshu ‘mouth’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 120

Hayumuk#687 PTB *s-muk ‘MOUTH’◦tshu ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Sunwarsyo: ‘mouth’Matisoff 87 BP

Sunwarsyoː ‘mouth’Michailovsky 91 Kr: 121

2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang3

Kham'thu◦tu#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’◦nāmorpheme ‘lip’Matisoff 87 BP

Khamthu◦tu#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’◦namorpheme ‘lip’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.25

Khamtʰu◦tu#2095 PTB *l-tywa ‘MOUTH / BEAK / FOOD / STOMACH’◦namorpheme ‘lip’Watters 89 KhQ: 2.A.25

3.1Tangut2

Tangut [Xixia]-- ‘lip’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 243.13

Tangut [Xixia]tśi̯u² ‘lip’Sofronov 97

3.2Qiangic13

Ersuŋuaʴ³³morpheme ndʐo⁵⁵ ‘hide / leather’Sun H 91 ErsQ

Muya [Minyak]sɯ⁵⁵morphemendʑɯ³⁵rø³⁵#2070 PTB *ruŋ ‘HOLE / ORIFICE / EAR’PTani *ruŋ ‘HOLE / DENT’ ‘nostril’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.5.2

Muya [Minyak]ŋɯ³⁵#2099 PTB *s-ŋyar ‘MOUTH’tsø³⁵ ‘mouth’Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.7

Muya [Minyak]ŋɯ³⁵#2099 PTB *s-ŋyar ‘MOUTH’tsø³⁵ʐɯ³³morphemembɐ⁵³morpheme ‘lip’Lit. “mouth-skin”.Sun H 91 MuyQ: 3.9

Qiang (Mawo)aprefix dzʌ ‘beak / bill’Sun H 91 MawQ: 3.9.3

Qiang (Mawo)dzə kuə#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 242.8

Qiang (Mawo)dzə◦ku̥#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Sun J 86 Mawo

Qiang (Mawo)dzə◦kuə#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Mawo)dzə◦ku̥ə̥#468 PTB *ku(w) ‘MOUTH’ ‘mouth’Sun H 91 MawQ: 3.7

Qiang (Mawo)tshə◦b#476 PTB *m-p(r)(w)aŋ ‘MOUTH’PTani *fi-buŋ ‘BEAK’PCN *paŋ ‘MOUTH’ [β] ‘lip’Sun J 86 Mawo

Qiang (Taoping)χduə³³ ‘lip’Sun H 81 Qia

Qiang (Yadu)zde◦ku̥#586 PTB *s/r-kawk ⪤ *s/r-kwak ‘OUTER COVERING / SKIN / BARK / RIND’PTani *kruk ‘OUTER COVERING’ ‘lip’Dai 89 Qian: 111

Qiang (Yadu)ɕtɕy◦tsmorpheme ‘nose’Dai 89 Qian: 106

3.3rGyalrongic3

Ergong (Northern)m̥tɕʰə¹³ ‘lip’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 3.9

Ergong (Northern)wɟjo³³#1603 PTB *w(a/u) ‘BIRD / EGG / WING / FOWL’PKC *waa ‘BIRD’PTk *wa ‘BIRD’ mtɕʰə¹³ ‘beak / bill’Sun H 91 ErNQ: 3.9.3

3.3.1rGyalrong9

rGyalrong (NW)kaprefix mtɕʰox ‘beak / bill’Sun H 91 rNW: 3.9.3

rGyalrongpak#1006 PTB *pʷak ‘PIG’PKC *wok ‘PIG’PTk *hwok ‘PIG’PNN *wak ‘PIG’TGTM *ᴮɖwa ‘PIG’PLB *wakᴸ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔʔ / tháuʔ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰ ‘PIG’PKar *thɔɁᴰmiᴬ ‘BOAR (WILD~)’PBai *te ‘PIG’ wumorpheme mtɕʰi ‘snout (pig)’Dai 89 Jiar: 3.5.5

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mtɕʰi ‘mouth’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.7

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mtɕʰi məŋkemorpheme ‘lower lip’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.9.2

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mtɕʰi ndʐi#596 PTB *m/s-k-rəy ‘SKIN’TGTM *ᴬɖi ‘SKIN’PLB *m-k-rəy¹ ‘SKIN / OUTER COVERING’ ‘lip’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.9

rGyalrong (Northern)təprefix◦mtɕʰi r̥ka#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘lower jaw / mandible’Sun H 91 rNQ: 3.13.1

rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦mtʃʰə ‘lip’Sun H 91 rNW: 3.9

rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦mtʃʰə smɛtmorpheme ‘lower lip’Sun H 91 rNW: 3.9.2

rGyalrong (NW)təprefix◦stə#661 PTB *s-tu ‘VAGINA / VULVA’PTani *tɯ ‘VULVA / VAGINA’PKC *tshuu ‘VULVA / VAGINA’PKir *tu ‘VAGINA’ mtɕʰi ‘vulva / labia’Sun H 91 rNW: 10.4.2

4Nungic1

Nungnœ̂#471 PTB *s-nwat ⪤ *s-nut ‘MOUTH / VESSEL / WOMB’-sil n.‘lips’Matisoff 03 HPTB: 415

5Tujia9

Tujia (Northern)eng2prefixqi4 n.‘nose’Brassett 04 Tujia

Tujia (Northern)eng²prefixqi¹ ‘nose’Brassett 06 Tujia: 2.1

Tujiaẽ³⁵prefix tɕʰi⁵⁵ ‘nose’Chen 86 TuBQ: 3.5

Tujia (Northern)ẽ³⁵prefix tɕʰi⁵⁵ ‘nose’Tian 86

Tujiaku̵¹³#809 PTB *(k/g)ywaŋ ‘NOSE’ tɕi⁵⁵ du̵³⁵#808 PTB *t(w)a(ŋ/n) ‘NOSE’ ‘nose’Chen 86 TuMQ: 3.5

Tujia (Southern)ku̵¹³#809 PTB *(k/g)ywaŋ ‘NOSE’ tɕi⁵⁵ du̵³⁵#808 PTB *t(w)a(ŋ/n) ‘NOSE’ ‘nose’Tian 86

Tujia (Northern)ong2prefixqi4 n.‘nose’Brassett 04 Tujia

Tujiaən³⁵prefixtɕhi⁵⁵ n‘nose’Huang and Dai 92 TBL: 0080.49

Tujiaən³⁵prefixtɕhi⁵⁵ ‘nose’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 240.38

6.1.1Burmish1

Burmese (Written)nut#471 PTB *s-nwat ⪤ *s-nut ‘MOUTH / VESSEL / WOMB’-sî ‘beak / bill’Matisoff 87 BP

6.1.2.2Central Loloish2

Lahu (Black)mɔ̀ʔ#687 PTB *s-muk ‘MOUTH’-cu ‘snout / beak / mouth (animal)’Matisoff 88 DL: 1044

Lahu (Black)mə̂#467 PTB *s-muːr ‘MOUTH / LIP / HOLD IN MOUTH / CHEW / FACE / GILLS’PKC *hmuur ‘LIP / BEAK / MOUTH / TIP’PCN *mən ‘MOUTH’PTk *mor ‘MOUTH’-cu ‘snout / beak / mouth (animal)’Matisoff 88 DL: 1044

8Bai10

Bai (Bijiang)tɕo³³ qo⁵⁵#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘mouth’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Bijiang)tɕo³³qo⁵⁵#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘mouth’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 242.37

Bai (Bijiang)tɕui³³ tɕu̱i²¹morpheme ‘lip’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Dali)tɕui³³ keʴ⁵⁵#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘mouth’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Dali)tɕui³³ pe̱²¹#590 PTB *p(y)ik ‘SKIN / PEEL’PKar *pheɁᴰ ‘BARK (n.), LEATHER, SKIN’ ‘lip’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Dali)tɕy³ kuœ⁶#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘mouth’Dell 81: pp.150-169

Bai (Jianchuan)tɕui³³ kæ⁵⁵#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ v.‘gape / open mouth’Zhao 90: 3.7.15

Bai (Jianchuan)tɕui³³ kɛ⁵⁵#273 PTB *m/s-k(w)a-y ‘MOUTH / OPENING / SPREAD / DOOR / FACE / JAW’PKC *kaa ‘ENTRANCE / MOUTH’PKC *kaa ⪤ *khaa ‘CHIN / JAW (lower)’PCN *ka ‘GAPE, OPEN MOUTH’PTk *ka ‘OPEN (MOUTH)’PTk *kʰa ‘CHIN / JAW’PKar *kaᴮ ‘CHIN, JAW’ ‘mouth’Xu 84 Bai

Bai (Jianchuan)tɕui³³ pe̱²¹#590 PTB *p(y)ik ‘SKIN / PEEL’PKar *pheɁᴰ ‘BARK (n.), LEATHER, SKIN’ ‘lip’Xu 84 Bai

9.0.1Old Chinese3

Chinese (Old/Mid)d̑ʻi̯wən/dźʻi̯uĕn ‘lip’Chou 72: 455u

Chinese (Old/Mid)d̑ʼi̯wən/dźʼi̯uĕn ‘lip’Karlgren 57 GSR: 455u

Chinese (Old)trjəgwh ‘beak / lip’Coblin 86: 39

9.0.2Middle Chinese1

Chinese (Middle)ṭjəu- ‘beak / bill’Coblin 86: 39

9.0.3Modern Chinese2

Chinese (Mandarin)chʼun ‘lip’Karlgren 57 GSR: 455u

Chinese (Mandarin)tzueeimorpheme◦chern ‘lip’Sun J 85 ChGl: 447

Cite this entry

STEDT etymon #442, *m-ts(y)ul ‘NOSE AND MOUTH / LIP / LOWER PART OF FACE’.

Stable link: https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/442

Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].

BibTeX

@misc{stedt-442,
  title  = {{*m-ts(y)ul 'NOSE AND MOUTH / LIP / LOWER PART OF FACE'}},
  author = {STEDT},
  year   = {2017},
  note   = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #442},
  url    = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/442}
}