Reconstruction analysis
handleǰaŋinitialǰrhymeaŋcoverN
Intermediate reconstructions
Connections
Allofams
- 4 #208 *dzyaŋ ‘BACK (LOWER)’
- 4 #212 *dal ‘LOWER BACK / WAIST / LOINS’
Poss. allofams*g/b-liŋ ⪤ *g/b-lyaŋ ‘BACK / SPINE’, #1374
Notes
This etymon bears a strong resemblance to #408 PTB *g-raŋ ⪤ *k-laŋ BUTTOCKS / ANUS / HIPS, but the semantic center of gravity of the two roots is quite different, so that we are considering them to be separate etyma at the moment.
Reflexes & cognates45 reflexes · 16 subgroups
1.2Kuki-Chin1
1.2.1.1Northern Chin2
1.2.2Central Chin7
Lushai [Mizo]hnung#203 PTB *s-nu(ŋ/k) ‘BACK / BEHIND / AFTER’PKC *nuŋ ⪤ *hnuŋ ‘BACK / BEHIND / LATER’-zâng ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP
Lushai [Mizo]zâng-ruh#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘spinal cord’Matisoff 87 BP
Lushai [Mizo]zâng-ruh#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ thling#209 PTB *g/b-liŋ ⪤ *g/b-lyaŋ ‘BACK / SPINE’PNN *kʰeːŋ ‘BACK (BODY)’TGTM *ᴬʰli ‘BACK / BACKSIDE’ ‘backbone / spine’Matisoff 87 BP
1.2.3Maraic4
Lakher [Mara]zô-ru#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘spinal cord’Matisoff 87 BP
Lakher [Mara]zô-ru#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ lamorpheme-thli#209 PTB *g/b-liŋ ⪤ *g/b-lyaŋ ‘BACK / SPINE’PNN *kʰeːŋ ‘BACK (BODY)’TGTM *ᴬʰli ‘BACK / BACKSIDE’ ‘backbone / spine’Matisoff 87 BP
Lakher [Mara]zô¹-rū#232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’MesorootsPKC *ruʔ ‘BONE’PCN *a-rut ‘BONE’PTk *ru ‘BONE’PKar *khrwitᴰ ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ n‘backbone, the spine’VanBik 09 PKC: 1186
1.4Meithei2
Meitheiyaŋ◦len#6091 PTB *lyan ‘STICK / BRANCH / TORCH’ səru#234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘backbone / spine’Singh 91 MeiQ: 5.5.4
Meitheiyaŋ◦len#6091 PTB *lyan ‘STICK / BRANCH / TORCH’ səru#234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘vertebrae (of spine)’Singh 91 MeiQ: 8.4.2
1.7.1.1Bodo3
Lalung [Tiwa]iang◦gul#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’ sir#234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘backbone / spine’Balawan 65: 30
1.7.1.2Garo7
Garocaŋ◦kil#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’ n.‘back’Weidert 87 TBTo: 2
Garodźaŋ-gal#201 PTB *m-kal ⪤ *s-gal ‘BACK (lower) / KIDNEY / LOAD / CARRY’PKC *kal ‘KIDNEY’PTk *kal ‘KIDNEY’ ‘back’Matisoff 78 VSTB: (1)
Garodžaŋ-gal#201 PTB *m-kal ⪤ *s-gal ‘BACK (lower) / KIDNEY / LOAD / CARRY’PKC *kal ‘KIDNEY’PTk *kal ‘KIDNEY’ ‘back’Benedict 72 STC: 12
Garojaŋ-gir#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’ ‘back’Matisoff 87 BP
Garo (Bangladesh)jang-gil#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’ ‘back, back side, back of body, back of almost anything, green "back" edge of bamboo strip, back of an insect, bottom of a banana leaf’Burling 92 GaBa
Garo (Bangladesh)jang-gil#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’ bol#3329 PTB *(p/b)al ‘BACK’-gru#233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘backbone’Burling 92 GaBa
Garo (Bangladesh)jang-gil#202 PTB *(k/g)yal ‘BACK (lower) / BUTTOCKS / HIPS’PKC *khel ‘HIP / LOINS’-nisuffix bol#3329 PTB *(p/b)al ‘BACK’-gru#233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’Allofams1 #232 PTB *s/m/g-rus ‘BONE’1a #234 PTB *s-rus ‘BONE’1b #233 PTB *g-rus ‘BONE’ ‘backbone’Burling 92 GaBa
1.7.3.2Asakian1
2.1.3Lepcha1
2.2Newar4
2.3.3Central Kiranti1
Khaling'yā◦tā#212 PTB *dal ‘LOWER BACK / WAIST / LOINS’Allofams4 #208 PTB *dzyaŋ ‘BACK (LOWER)’4 #212 PTB *dal ‘LOWER BACK / WAIST / LOINS’ adj‘back’Hale 73 CSD: 12c.17
2.3.4Western Kiranti4
2.4Kham-Magar-Chepang5
Magarkuku#211 PTB *k(r)aw ⪤ *k(y)aw ‘BACK’TGTM *ᴬgo ‘BACK’◦dhyāng◦garomorpheme ‘backbone / spine’Matisoff 87 BP
3.2Qiangic2
Pumi (Taoba)pu⁵⁵#779 PTB *(p/b)u ‘URINARY BLADDER / KIDNEY’Allofams1a #778 PTB *(b/p)wa(ŋ/k) ‘URINARY BLADDER’1b #777 PTB *(p/b)um ‘URINARY BLADDER’1c #779 PTB *(p/b)u ‘URINARY BLADDER / KIDNEY’ jã⁵³ ‘kidney’Lu 83 Pumi
Pumi (Taoba)pu⁵⁵#779 PTB *(p/b)u ‘URINARY BLADDER / KIDNEY’Allofams1a #778 PTB *(b/p)wa(ŋ/k) ‘URINARY BLADDER’1b #777 PTB *(p/b)um ‘URINARY BLADDER’1c #779 PTB *(p/b)u ‘URINARY BLADDER / KIDNEY’jã⁵³ ‘kidney’Sun H 91 ZMYY: 270.10
4Nungic1
5Tujia1
Cite this entry
STEDT etymon #208,
*dzyaŋ ‘BACK (LOWER)’.Stable link:
https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/208Data: STEDT v1.0 (2017). Accessed: [date].
BibTeX
@misc{stedt-208,
title = {{*dzyaŋ 'BACK (LOWER)'}},
author = {STEDT},
year = {2017},
note = {Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus (STEDT) v1.0, etymon #208},
url = {https://larc-iu.github.io/stedt/etymon/208}
}